King's Munimenta Antiqua' as being dug up at Richborough about 1799? H. P. POLLARD. WILLIAM DYER: REBECCA RUSSELL.-Can any reader give the date of marriage of Rebecca, daughter of Thomas Russell (and great-granddaughter of Elizabeth Cromwell and William Russell, of Fordham Abbey), and William Dyer, of Ilford, co. Essex? To which family of Dyer did William belong? W. BAYNE FAMILY. A hundred years ago John Bain or Bayne was master of the High School of Leith, then situated in the Kirkgate there. He had a son John Bayne, born in 1795, who was admitted as a writer to the Signet on 9 June, 1825, and thereafter practised in Edinburgh; married Jessie Cassie on 20 July, 1831; was Lecturer on Conveyancing to the Juridical Society; and died, without issue, on 10 May, 1843. I shall be glad to know if any representative of this Bayne family is alive. JOHN CHRISTIE. 181, Morningside Road, Edinburgh. ARCHDEACONS' MARKS. When recently visiting a Bedfordshire church I was informed that a number of small, roughly cut crosses pommee, at a point on one of the interior walls of the church, were known as 66 archdeacons' marks," the story being that at each pre-Reformation archidiaconal visitation one of these crosses was cut. As similar marks occur in groups in other churches, I shall be glad if any reader of N. & Q.' can throw any light on this subject. Q. W. V. DENTON FAMILY.-Can any reader supply information concerning William (?) Denton, a native of Yorkshire, who is said to have been a Government contractor? To him is ascribed the erection, about a century ago, of several fortifications along the English coast. Among his collateral descendants, some reside in Folkestone, Kent; some in Chicago; and some are said to live in (Digby County?) Nova Scotia. A comprehensive history of the Denton family has long been in course of preparation by Mr. W. B. Denton, 914, Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A. (Cf. 10th S. ii. 417.) EUGENE F. McPIKE. CHRISTIAN OF MILNTOWN.-John Christian, of Milntown, I.O.M., who died 20 Sept., 1745, married Bridget Senhouse in 1717. In what relationship, if any, did he stand to the two famous Christians, Illiam Dhone and Edward? The latter was mainly instrumental in securing for the islanders the Manx Magna HAVEL AND SLATE MAKERS.-Amongst the trades enumerated as being carried on in Norwich in 1842 occurs the above. Was it peculiar to that city and in what does it consist? Some persons are stated to be havel makers, others slaie makers, and others "net drawers" as well. Speaking of a certain lane in Norwich, a writer in 1786 says, "A man here makes havels and slaies." I have not come across it in the enumerations of trades carried on in other cities. FREDERICK T. HIBGAME. [The 'N E.D.' under 'Havel' has "? A heald or heddle.' See the definitions and quotations under these words.] Beylies. MR. BRADLEY'S 'HIGHWAYS AND BYWAYS IN SOUTH WALES.' (10th S. v. 143.) MR. J. P. OWEN's remarks require some notice, as they contain suggestions of a personal nature which are superfluous and quite inaccurate. I might first mention, however, that Pontrhydfendigeid is not the correct local or geographical spelling, but Pontrhydfendigaid, as the most cursory reference will demonstrate. MR. OWEN is a trifle unfortunate in his tu quoque, as a misspelt Welsh word does not in any case become a North British one. MR. OWEN says I am "slipshod in legends." What does accuracy in legends mean? Half their charm is surely in their variations. Personally I prefer giving a legend, as I hear it in a locality, for what it is worth, to reducing an article by a professor in an archæological magazine to a paragraph or two. I did not know Miss Braddon was a predecessor of anybody in the exploitation of Wales. MR. OWEN's enthusiasm for that prolific novelist might well serve as a consolation to me for his qualified approval of myself. I am sorry I am too gay for him: I can assure him it is not the result of any effort to win the approval of a frivolous public, but arises, I fear, from mere incorrigible light-heartedness, perhaps further stimulated by the air of the Welsh mountains Moreover, as my book has long ago gone the round of the critics, high and low, their verdict supports me with practical unanimity in this indulgence of a natural inclination. There are plenty of works on archæology, genealogy, etymology, and kindred subjects connected with Wales, but, so far as I know, not of a kind, nor written in such a way as, to attract the most enlightened outside reader to a knowledge of the Principality, or to move greatly those within it who are not students of these subjects. But the point I am making for is this. MR. OWEN asserts (on what authority I know not) that a certain local genius, to whom I paid a deserved tribute, was my "guide" during the many weeks he rightly says I spent in Cardiganshire, and practically accuses me of being ashamed to speak of him as "my friend," and failing to give him some modest measure of immortality by mentioning his name. To begin with, I unfortunately never had the opportunity of travelling even a hundred yards with him, for business reasons irrelevant here. Moreover, I made friends and acquaintances of all kinds all over the county among those interested in the various matters that interest me and my readers, and I do not take a "guide" with me on my travels. As to the second insinuation, I may merely remark it is in extremely bad taste, and any one who knew me would laugh loudly at such a hopeless misfire. Lastly, I would say that I make it a rule never to discuss the character of living persons by name in any travel books, for reasons obvious, I should think, to a child. of pronouncing a funeral oration over the last of the breed! to I offer no defence for such errors in Welsh spelling as I and my printers between us have committed; but I object to being expected to know the colloquialisms of different parishes, such as Llandybie Welsh," for instance. In a book of this kind, covering four or five counties, with a view particularly to interpreting them. strangers, it is quite unreasonable to expect hairsplitting distinctions and etymological discussions-proper to the local antiquary, and revelled in by the Welsh antiquary above all others. The sense of literary proportion would be hopelessly outraged, and the most cultivated stranger would cast such a work from him-and rightly-in disgust. At the risk of seeming egotism I venture to affirm that my three books on Wales have been the first efforts to give the educated English reader a physical, social, and above all historical picture of that country-in what is usually called, I believe, literary formwithin reasonable memory. Most Welsh critics have generously recognized this, and have shown a due sense of proportion in the space at their disposal, and not forgotten the scope of the book, its intentions, and such modest literary and artistic merits as it may have, in captious criticisms of trifles, in airing their own special bits of local knowledge or Welsh etymology, or in pointing out a line of treatment that they would like the author to have adopted, oblivious of the needs of space or of various tastes. For perhaps the As regards the interesting individual author may, after all, be the best judge. But dragged, somewhat officiously and tactlessly, there is no excuse whatever for blunders in into print by MR. OWEN, I had merely a critic, and MR. OWEN has made two or several interesting talks with him in my own three egregious ones in a single column. quarters, and regret they were not more. MR. OWEN continues that his favourite authoress would have drawn a wonderful sketch of this "last of the cloggers." I daresay she would, after the manner of many excellent ladies on their holiday trips, and quite oblivious to the fact that there are cloggers all over Wales and the border counties, pursuing a trade that none of them whom I come across (and I meet a great many) would thank me for regarding as a picturesque survival of a dying industry. I meet them in many counties and in many valleys, and do not think the supply of alder is in any way giving out or that the demand in the North for clogs is one jot abating. That, at any rate, was my information at first hand from several of my clogger acquaintances as much as four years after I missed an opportunity A. G. BRADLEY. DR. LETSUM OR LETTSOM (10th S. v. 148, 191).-The following is from The Wonderful Magazine, and Marvellous Chronicle, vol. i. for the year 1793, p. 346:— Falshood [sic] the Doctor, to the great pleasure of You say I'm dead, I say you lie, J. Lets-'em." ROBERT PIERPOINT. The Gentleman's Magazine for August, 1904, has an article on The Ancient Mercantile Houses of London,' relating especially to the old chemists and druggists or apothecaries, in which reference is made (pp. 133-4) to three different versions of Dr. Lettsom's amusing quatrain, as follows: "Dr. Lettsom's prescriptions were always signed I. Lettsom, a habit which called forth an epigram which is said to have been displayed over his door when a country doctor. The sentiment of the fourth line is, however, not, I think, sufficiently humane to have come from one who had earned the title of Amicus Humani Generis,' and I am not speaking without my book in saying that the version in Old and New London' is not the correct one; it is there given as When any patients call in haste, I physics, bleeds, and sweats 'em ; But the late Mr. H. S. Cuming told me that his father was told by Dr. Lettsom himself that the lines really were: I, John Lettsom, Blisters, bleeds, and sweats 'em ; J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL. CAPT. JAMES JEFFEREYS, OF BLARNEY CASTLE (10th S. iv. 404, 496).-The following extracts from a paper contributed many years ago to the Kilkenny Archæological Society Journal (New Series, vol. v. pp. 416-17), by Mr. A. G. Geoghegan, gives valuable information regarding the widow of James St. John Jeffereys, of Blarney Castle, which is well worthy of recapitulation : "In looking over some family papers, and bundles of old letters, I discovered one written more than half a century ago, by Mrs. Jeffereys, of Blarney Castle, County Cork, which contains an account of a circumstance interesting in itself as an instance of heroism on the part of the narrator towards her brother, the Earl of Clare, and so valuable, as bringing to light a remarkable event connected with the history of those troubled times, that I feel I am only discharging a duty in submitting it to the notice of the Society. Of the authenticity of this letter there can be no doubt. It had been in the possession of my father, the late Gerald Geoghegan, who had the honour of Mrs. Jeffereys' acquaintance, from the day on which it was written; and on his death it came, along with other documents, into my possession, where it now remains. The letter is dated 9, Molesworth Street, July, 1807; and among other matters, Mrs. Jeffereys writes as follows: "My late brother, the Earl of Clare, always was an active, faithful servant to his King and country, and ever supported the Protestant interest both in Ireland, and in the House of Lords, in England, whenever that question was discussed. On the day Lord Fitzwilliam was recalled, when my brother (as Chancellor) was returning from the Castle, after having assisted at the swearing in the newly arrived Lord Lieutenant, a ferocious mob of no less than 5,000 men, and several hundred women, assembled together in College Green, and all along the avenue leading to my brother's house. The male part of the insurgents were armed with pistols, cutlasses, sledges, saws, crowbars, and every other weapon necessary to break open my brother's house; and the women were all of them armed with their aprons full of paving stones. This ferocious and furious mob began to throw showers of stones into my brother's coach, at his coachman's head, and his horses; they wounded my brother in the temple, in College Green; and if he had not sheltered himself by holding his great square official purse before him, he would have been stoned to death before he arrived (through the back-yard) at his own house; where with several smithy sledges, they were working hard to break into his hall door, while some others of them had ropes ready to fix up to his lamp iron to hang him the moment they could find him— when I arrived, disguised in my kitchen-maid's dress, my blue apron full of stones. I mingled with this numerous mob, and addressed a pale sickly man, saying, "My dear jew'l, what 'ill become of hus! I am after running from the Castle to tell yeas all that a regiment of Hos is galloping down here to thrample hus, &c. Oh yea, yea, where will we go?" Then they cried, “Hurry, hurry-the hos is coming to charge and thrample hus! Hurry for the Custom House." And in less than a moment the crowd dispersed. "I then procured a surgeon for my brother, and a guard to prevent another attack, and thus I saved Lord Clare's life, at the risk of being torn limb from limb, if I had been recognised by any of the mob."" The riots on the departure of Lord Fitzwilliam, in 1795, are noticed in contemporary journals. Mr. John Prendergast, barristerat-law, contributed the note given below : "At the date of Mrs. Jeffereys' interesting letter, Lord Clare lived at No. 5, Ely Place, which is not far from Molesworth Street, Mrs. Jeffereys' residence. And when the mob were alarmed by her clever stratagem (so courageously adventured upon), and fled from Lord Clare's house, they ran off to make a similar attack on the Custom House, then the residence of the Right Hon. J. Beresford, who was charged with sacrificing the public money and the public convenience, by building suites of splendid apartments in it for his family and dependants. The attack on Lord Clare's house, so graphically described by Mrs. Jeffereys, was probably the occasion of an occurrence that was never made public, and yet is of an interest, namely, that Lord Clare got barricades erected in his hall to withstand any effort of a mob to enter by force." Further details concerning the Earl of Clare (whose family name was Fitz Gibbon) will be found in Burke's 'Extinct Peerage.' CHARLES DALTON. 32, West Cromwell Road, S. W. "Walcher" is in Domesday Book as a personal name (H. Barber's 'British Family Names,' 1894, p. 220); and Robert Ferguson in his 'Teutonic Name System' (1864, p. 298) points to the Anglo Saxon name of Walchere as that of a bishop of Lindisfarne, and thinks that it is from the simple form walch or walsh, stranger. However, on p. 460 (ibid.) Ferguson says: G. J. HOLYOAKE: CHARTISTS AND SPECIAL"walken" is the verb to work (a hat). CONSTABLES (10th S. v. 126, 156, 191).-I send the following letter to me from Mr. H. Dale relating to special constables in 1848, which I have Mr. Dale's leave to publish :"In your letter in N. & Q.' in reference to G. J. Holyoake you say that you have often wondered how many of the army of special constables sworn in 1848 in London are now living. I was one of that number, having been sworn at the Mansion House in that year. On the memorable 10th April I was on duty inside the Royal Exchange from 10 o'clock in the morning until 4 in the afternoon, when the late Alderman Musgrove mounted one of the benches and informed us that everything had passed off quietly and our services were no longer required. I had a baton, and was nineteen years old. A question arose as to the length of time the special constables remained as such, but in the City no time was specified, so that those who were sworn in there still, I suppose, remain so. "There is an old clergyman who resides at Trebinchin, Breconshire, the Rev. Augustus Browne, who was a student at King's College about the same time as your brother; his brother was a comrade of mine on that memorable day. At the time of his death he was manager of the Sea Claim Department of the Royal Exchange Assurance, I at that time being a junior clerk in that corpora tion. I have a dim recollection that the Rev. A. Browne was also a special constable." HENRY TAYLOR. pen "Names derived from handicraft, as a general rule, are of more recent origin, and have been well explained by Mr. Lower, to whose work the reader may be referred for further information respecting them. At the same time I hold to the opinion that a great number of the names apparently so derived are nothing more than accidental coincidences. Such are many ending in er, such as Angler, Carter, Collier, Clothier, Harper, Mariner, Marker, Ringer, Slater, Stoker, Tasker, Turner, Walker, &c., most of which are referred to elsewhere. Nevertheless I will not dispute that in some cases two different origins may obtain for the same name. Thus it is very probable that the common name of Walker is sometimes from Anglo-Saxon wealcere, a fuller." This reservation may perhaps apply also to Walkern, a Hertfordshire manor four miles from Stevenage. Is this "the place of the stranger "(walch and aern or ern) or "the place of the fuller"? Pliny, lib. vii. cap. 56, informs us that one Nicias, the son of Hermias, was the first inventor of the art of fulling, so that there can be no question as to the antiquity of the walker's calling. Wakefield is said to be in Domesday Book Wachefield. Would not this, since Leland says that it was a town in his time that "standith al by clothyng," be the field of the fuller? And is Walkington in Yorkshire the fuller's or the stranger's town? Birklands, Southport. I am pretty sure that G. J. Holyoake never lectured under any other than his own name, though he sometimes wrote under the name of "Landor Praed." I have, I think, a nearly complete collection of the journals which Holyoake edited, beginning with The Oracle of Reason in 1842, and ending with The Reasoner; but in none of these is there any indication that he ever lectured under any other than his real name. Charles As to an illustration representing a fulling Bradlaugh lectured under the name of Iconoclast, and it was under it that he edited The London Investigator and the early volumes of The National Reformer. B. DOBELL. mill, would not one be found in Randle PENTEUS OR PUNTEUS (10th S. iv. 189).According to Foster's 'Alumni Oxon., 15001714,' John Puntæus, an Italian, had a licence to practise surgery throughout all England, 16 Nov., 1649, and was a famous physician living at Salisbury. His son Arthur entered at Corpus, Oxford, in 1661; and Foster adds a reference to 'Fasti,' ii. 122. W. C. B. AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED (10th S. iv. 529). The line quoted, not quite correctly, by J. A. B. appears in Mrs. Hauksbee sits out:-an Unhistorical Ex travaganza,' by Rudyard Kipling, which was part of the Christmas, 1890, number of The Illustrated London News : Fair Eve knelt close to the guarded gate in the hush of an Eastern spring, She saw the flash of the Angel's sword, the gleam of the Angel's wing And because she was so beautiful, and because she could not see How fair were the pure white cyclamens crushed dying at her knee. BELLS (10th S. iv. 409; v. 34).-Lord Grimthorpe's table of the weights and sizes of bells may be found in his Clocks, Watches, and Bells,' seventh ed., 1883, pp. 390-1. R. B. P. GLANVILLE, EARL OF SUFFOLK (10th S. iv. 267).-Camden's 'Britannia,' 1789, vol. ii. p. 77, says : families. "Suffolk has had earls and dukes of several Some late writers say the Glanvilles were antiently distinguished by this title, but as He plucked a Rose from the Eden Tree where the is obvious, and I have found nothing of it in the they have no authority for this, and as the error four great rivers met. And though for many a cycle past that Rose in the dust hath lain With her who bore it upon her breast when she passed from grief and pain, There was never a daughter of Eve but once, ere the the tale of her years be done, Shall know the scent of the Eden Rose, but once beneath the sun! Though the years may bring her joy or pain, fame, sorrow, or sacrifice, The hour that brought her the scent of the Rose she lived it in Paradise! Mrs. Hauksbee is singing to her friend May Holt. The missing lines were probably never written. Mrs. Hauksbee, in answer to May Holt's question, "What is it?" replies Something called The Eden Rose.' An old song to a new setting." F. L. Knowles's 'Kipling Primer' says that the story was added to 'Under the Deodars' in the "Outward Bound" edition. ROBERT PIERPOINT. 39, Hillmarton Road, N. "THE BIRD IN THE BREAST"=CONSCIENCE (10th S. iv. 448; v. 133). As a modern instance of this let me quote 'The Old Curiosity Shop,' chap. lvii. : public records, I shall till better informed suspend my assent. I acknowledge, however, the Glanville family was of great note in these parts. But I have not yet found good evidence for any earl of this county before the time of Edward III." discovered, in which the Britons, Romans, and In digging the foundation a vast cemetery was Saxons had been successively buried: the Saxons, who were uppermost, lay in graves lined with chalk stones, or in coffins of hollowed stones; the bodies of the Britons, lower down, had been placed in rows, and many ivory and box-wood pins remained, which, it is supposed, had tastened their shrouds. On digging deeper-from curiosity-circumstances the site upon which St. Paul's now stands." appeared to prove that the sea had once occupied HARRY HEMS. Fair Park, Exeter. "A man,' says Sampson, who loses forty-seven-I owe to DR. MURRAY the record of a "PIECE- BROKER" (10th S. iv. 367, 391, 412). pound ten in one morning by his honesty is a man to be envied. If it had been eighty pound, the passage in which this word is used, as it Inxuriousness of feeling would have been increased would appear, in the sense of a vendor of -Every pound lost would have been a hundred- small pieces of cloth or other material, and weight of happiness gained-The still, small voice, Christopher, cries Brass, smiling, and tapping not in that of a seller of long rolls of cloth, himself on the bosom, 'is a singing comic songs as I at first suggested. In a within me, and all is happiness and joy.'" rare tract printed in 1663, entitled 'Life and Death of James, commonly called Collonel Turner. Executed at Lime-Street End January the JOHN PICKFORD, M.A. Newbourne Rectory, Woodbridge. |