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Charles V. in 1530; Nuremberg, for trade and for manufactures, particularly of toys, and also of watches which were first invented here.

7. Ratisbon is noted for having long been the place of the meeting of the Diet of the German empire; Passau, for a Religious Peace, in the time of the Reformation; Spire, for the Protest of the Protestants; Deux-Ponts (dupong'), for its editions of the classics; Blenheim, Det tin n, Hohenlin'den, and Eck'muhl, for battles.

1. Austria was erected into an empire in 1804, and is composed of various states or countries situated towards the south of Europe.

7. What other towns, and for what noted?

AUSTRIA. 1. What is said of Austria ?

See Map No. VIII.

What part of Bavaria is intersected by the Danube? What rivers in Bavaria flow into the Danube? What part is crossed by the Mayne? What lake is there in the southeast? How is Munich situated? Augsburg? Passau? Nuremberg? Ratisbon? Wurtzburg?

What towns are on or near the Danube ? What ones to the south?

What ones to the north?

2. The Archdukes of Austria were, during several centures, successively elected emperors of Germany; but in 1804, Francis II. assumed the title of Hereditary Emperor of Austria; and in 1806, he resigned his title of Emperor of Germany, and the German empire was dissolved."

3. The Austrian Dominions comprise about one third part of Germany; the kingdom of Hungary; Transylvania, Dalmatia, Sclavonia, and Croatia; a part of Poland styled Galicia; and the Lombardo-Venetian kingdom, in the northeast of Italy.

4. The inhabitants of the empire consist chiefly of four races or nations, namely, Germans, Sclavonians, Hungarians or Magarians, and Italians.

5. The government is an hereditary monarchy, nearly absolute; except in Hungary and Transylvania, where the power of the emperor is limited by constitutional provis

ions.

6. The established religion is the Roman Catholic, but all others are tolerated; and in Hungary and Transylvania the members of the Protestant and Greek churches are numer

ous.

7. The principal rivers are the Danube, Drave, Save, Theis (tis), Po, and Adige.

8. In the Italian territories are found the fine lakes of Maggiore (ma-jo'ra), Como, Isê'o, and Garda; and in Carniola is the remarkable lake of Cirknitz, which has subterranean cavities, through which its waters, at certain seasons, disappear, and again flow in.

9. The state of agriculture in the Italian territory is highly improved; in the German territories, indifferent; in the other parts, very backward.

AUSTRIAN GERMAN TERRITORIES.

10 The Austrian Dominions in Germany consist of the Archduchy of Austria, Stiria, Tyrol, and the Illyrian provinces of Carinthia and Carniola (all included in the late circle of Austria), together with Bohemia and Mora'via.

11. The surface is diversified, but much of it is mountainous. Ranges of the Alps traverse the southern parts. Bohemia consists of a valley encompassed by mountains.

2. What is said of the archdukes of Austria and of Francis II. ? 3. What do the Austrian dominions comprise? 4. Of what races do the inhabitants consist? 5. What is the government? 6 Religion? 7. Rivers? 8. Lakes? 9. Agriculture? 10. What do the Austrian dominions in Germany comprise? 11. What is said of the surface?

12. The soil of a great portion is fertile, particularly of the archduchy of Austria, Bohemia, and Moravia; but much of the other parts is mountainous and unproductive.

13. VIENNA, the metropolis of Austria, and the largest city in Germany, is situated on the Danube, in a spacious valley, and is subject to inundation. It is the centre of the trade of Austria, and is a gay and splendid city, with beautiful environs.

14. Lintz, on the Danube, is noted for woollen manufactures; Salzburg, for its situation among mountains, and for hardware; Hallein, for salt-works; Wag'ram, a village near Vienna, for a battle between the French and the Austrians.

15. Gratz, the capital of Stiria, has considerable manufactures; Tri-este', in Illyria, is the principal commercial port in the Austrian Dominions; and Idria has the most celebrated quicksilver mines in the world.

16. In Tyrol are Ins'pruck, the capital; Trent, noted for a famous council; Bolzä'no, for its fairs.

17. In Bohemia are Prague, much the largest town, and having considerable trade and manufactures; Ta'bor, noted for having been the chief place of the Hussites; Carlsbad and Toplitz, for mineral waters.

18. In Moravia are Brunn, the capital; Ol'mutz, noted for the imprisonment of Lafayette; Austerlitz, for a great victory of Bonaparte.

HUNGARY.

19. Hungary, a large country, entitled a kingdom, forms almost a third part of the empire of Austria, and is famous for grain, cattle, wine, and mines of gold, silver, copper, lead, iron, and opal.

20. The Carpathian Mountains extend along on the northeast border; but the surface of the country is generally level or moderately uneven; and much of the soil is fertile.

21. BU'DA, the capital, situated on the Danube, is noted for its hot-baths; Pest, opposite to Buda, as the largest and most commercial town; Presburg for having been the former capital; Debret'zin and Zeg'edin, for trade and manufactures; Schemnitz and Krem'nitz, for gold and silver mines; New'sohl, for copper mines; Tokay', for wine.

12. What is said of the soil and agriculture? 13. Vienna? 14. Lintz, Salzburg, &c.? 15. What is said of Gratz, Trieste, and Idria? 16. What towns in Tyrol? 17. Bohemia? 18. Moravia? 19. What is said of Hungary? 20. What of its surface? 21. Buda and other towns?

TRANSYLVANIA.

22. This country which lies on the east of Hungary, is called Transylvania, which signifies beyond the woods, because it lies to the east of a woody tract of country in Hungary; and it has a diversified surface and a fertile soil. 23. The principal towns are Hermanstadt, the capital, Clau'senburg, and Cron'stadt.

GALICIA

24. Galicia, which lies to the northeast of the Carpathian mountains, formerly constituted a part of Poland, and consists chiefly of an iinmense plain, and has a fertile soil.

25. The principal towns are Lem'berg, the capital; Bro'dy, noted for trade; and Wieliczka, for the most famous salt mines in the world.

AUSTRIAN ITALY.

26. Austrian Italy, called the Lombardo-Venetian kingdom, consists of the northeast part of Italy, which lies north of the Po, and east of the Ticino. It comprises a large part of what was anciently called Cisalpine Gaul, and afterwards Lombardy.

27. With the exception of the parts that border on Switzerland and Germany, it is generally very level, com posed chiefly of large and beautiful plains, of such fertility and high cultivation, that it has been styled the Garden of Europe.

28. Milan, the capital of Austrian Italy, is situated in a beautiful plain, and is distinguished for its magnificent edifices, particularly its cathedral. It has an extensive trade, and is one of the principal seats of Italian literature.

29. Ven'ice, situated near the head of the gulf of Venice, on 72 little islands, seems, at a distance, to float on the surface of the water. It has canals instead of streets; and boats, called gondolas, instead of coaches. It was once the capital of a celebrated republic, and the most commercial city in the world; and it has still some trade, though greatly declined.

30. Verona is noted for the remains of its great ancient amphitheatre; Pad'ua and Pavia, for their universities;

22. What is said of Transylvania? 23 What are the principal towns? 24. What is said of Galicia? 25. What towns? 26. What does Austrian Italy comprise? 27. What is said of it? 28 What is said of Milan? 23. Venice?

30. What other tov ns, and for what noted >

Brescia, (bres'sha) for fire-arms; Cremona and Bergamo for silks; Man'tua, for its fortifications; Lo'di, for the cheese called Parmesan'.

1. Switzerland is the most mountainous country in Europe, abounding, more than any other, in grand and pictur

See Map of Europe. - What river flows through the central part of the Austrian dominions? What rivers flow into the Danube within these dominions? Where are the Carpathian mountains?

How is Vienna situated? Buda and Pest? Lemberg and Brody? Wieliczka? Temeswar? Hermanstadt and Clausenburg? Ragu'sa and Cattä'ro? What towns are on the Theis? See Map No. VIII. What river separates the Austrian dominions from the rest of Italy on the south? What river and lake separate them from Piedmont? What lakes are in the southwest part of the Austrian dominions? Where does the Adige empty? What rivers in the cent.al and northern part of the Austrian dominions? What towns are on the Danube? The Adige? How is Venice situated? Milan? Brescia? Mantua? Trieste? Gratz? Inspruck? Lintz? Salzburg? Prague? Carlsbad? Brunn? Olmutz? Austerlitz? Presburg? Schemnitz and Kremnitz?