(7) ὁ γὰρ Ἰησοῦς ἐξένευσεν, ὄχλου ὄντος ἐν τῷ τόπῳ.

(8) τὴν δὲ γενεὰν αὐτοῦ τίς διηγήσεται;

(9) ἀγοραῖοι ἄγονται καὶ ἀνθύπατοι εἰσίν.

(10) χρηματίσαι πρῶτον ἐν Ἀντιοχείᾳ τοὺς μαθητάς Χριστιανούς. VIII. Translate into GREEK:

Why reason ye because ye have brought no bread? Perceive ye not yet, neither understand? Have ye your hearts yet hardened? Do ye not yet remember the five loaves of the five thousand, and how many baskets ye took up? Neither the seven loaves of the four thousand, and how many baskets ye took up?

LITURGY OF THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND.

1. MENTION the principal primitive Liturgies which are extant, and their probable antiquity. In what particulars do they all, more or less, agree? An argument has been drawn from this agreement to prove their origin from Apostolic times. Can you briefly state the nature of that argument?

2. What was the Invocation in the Primitive Liturgies? From its position an argument has been drawn against the Romish doctrine of Transubstantiation. State that argument.

3. "Tu ad liberandum suscepturus hominem non horruisti Virginis uterum." Translate, and explain the doctrinal force of the expressions. Whence do the words come? What is the popular tradition concerning the origin of the Canticle? Has any more probable origin been assigned?

4. What form of Liturgy was probably in use in the early British Churches? What were the ancient Uses? From what various sources did the English Reformers compile and adapt the Book of Common Prayer?

5. Give a very brief account of the chief points of difference between the First and Second Service Books of Edward VI. When were they put forth respectively? What persons had the chief hand in their compilation?

6. Give some account of the proceedings in the reign of Charles II, which led to the final revision of the Prayer Book. What were the principal changes then introduced?

7. Where do we find the first mention of sponsors in infant baptism? The question concerning the validity of lay and heretical baptism was early debated in the Church. When, and how did that controversy arise? What was ordained with reference to it in Edward's First Service Book? What change of opinion on this subject appeared in the reigns of Elizabeth, James I, and Charles II? What seems to be the present law of the Church of England?

8. Confirmation.

What Scriptural authority is there for this rite? Have we any evidence of its early use in the Primitive Church? When was it administered in ancient times? When the early fathers call it a Sacrament, in what sense do they so call it?

9. What was the Introit? Is it to be found in any of the Service Books since the Reformation? In the First Service Book of Edward VI, there were two collects, epistles, and gospels for Easter Day. What was the object of this?

10. What are the various events commemorated on the feast of the Epiphany? What other names were anciently given to this feast? Explain the origin of the names, Septuagesima, Sexagesima, Quinquagesima. What is the object contemplated by the Church in setting apart these three weeks? Explain the name Shrove Tuesday and the ancient purpose of the day.

11. What was the origin and meaning of the Rogation Days? How did the mode of observing Lent in the Primitive Church vary in respect of duration? What was anciently done on Ash Wednesday?

THE ARTICLES OF RELIGION.

1. WHAT may we consider the chief aim of the compilers in drawing up a manifesto of this nature? What crisis in the history of the English Church was rendering such a course imperatively necessary?

2. Give some account of the Articles published or prepared in England during the reign of Henry VIII. What portions of them are perpetuated in the present series?

3. With what school of continental reformers did the English primarily sympathize? Support your answer (1) by giving instances from the history of the period, and (2) by pointing out affinities between the foreign and the English Confessions.

4. Mention some of the chief stages in the composition of the Articles of 1552. State the evidence for and against their synodical authority.

5. What is the Reformatio Legum Ecclesiasticarum? Why is it peculiarly valuable in determining the animus of those who superintended the compilation of the Articles? How does it serve to elucidate the nature of the errors at which most of them are levelled?

6. When did the Articles assume their present shape? Mention some of the modifications which the document of 1552 was made to undergo, and the probable reasons for these changes. Who prefixed the Royal Declaration, and why?

7. Are the Latin and English Articles equally authoritative? Point out some minor variations in the statements they contain. How does this question connect itself with the controversy touching the true version of the twentieth Article?

8. 'The Article composed in the time of Edward VI. respecting the spiritual eating... is now set forth among us mutilated and imperfect.” From what quarter did this criticism proceed? Mention other objections to the Articles in that and the following century.

9. What is the special office of the Articles considered as an authority co-ordinate with the Prayer Book? On what principle, and with what object, does the Church continue to require subscription to these formularies ?

10. Shew that the unity of God is most emphatically stated in the Old Testament. Eplain the plural form as there used for one Name of the true God. Adduce examples from the New Testament where the Three Persons of the Holy Trinity are presented from a single point of view. Can you account for the paucity of such examples? How does the Greek equivalent of 'Persona' serve to illustrate its theological application?

11. What writer of the New Testament exhibits the Divine Son in His character of LOGOS? Distinguish between the scriptural doctrine on this subject and that of Philo. In what sense is it lawful to speak of the Son as subordinate to the Father? Justify the clause (in Art. II.) 'to reconcile His Father to us;' and prove that Christ became a proper 'sacrifice not only for original guilt, but also for all actual sins of men.'

12. What are the distinctive functions of the Holy Ghost, as stated in the Bible and the Creeds? Is Comforter' an adequate rendering of Пapákλnτos? Whence arose the controversy between the Eastern and Western Churches on the doctrine of the Procession? By what shades of difference does the following statement vary from the teaching of our own divines?

Υἱοῦ δὲ Πνεῦμα, οὐχ ὡς ἐξ αὐτοῦ, ἀλλ ̓ ὡς δι ̓ αὐτοῦ ἐκ τοῦ Πατρὸς ἐκπορευόμενον· μόνος γὰρ αἴτιος ὁ Πατήρ.

13. Write down the sixth Article in English or Latin. Against what opposite parties does it vindicate the absolute supremacy of Holy Scripture? Explain the word 'canon.' What is the test propounded by the Church of England for determining the canonicity of any sacred book? What writings of the New Testament have been questioned on this ground?

14. Shew that logical deductions from Holy Scripture, as well as its explicit statements, may be fairly used in framing articles of faith. Explain the meaning of the word 'symbolum' as applied to creeds. What is the probable date, and who the probable author, of the Athanasian Creed?

Answer the objection taken to the opening clause of it, by a reference to the Latin form. Does the Church of England express any opinion in Article XVIII touching the salvability of virtuous heathen?

15. Quote the last paragraph of Article IX, and compare the phraseology there employed with that of the Roman and the Saxon formularies. What meaning did the schoolmen generally attach to the expressions 'original sin,' and 'original righteousness'? Is sin, according to the Church of England, merely privative, or is it also positive?

16. Prove from Holy Scripture that the procuring cause of justification is the merit of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ.' Distinguish between the offices of faith, of baptism, and of good works, in their relation to man's ultimate acceptance. What is the line of argument adopted by the Homily to which reference is made in Article XI?

17. Shew from a consideration of the revealed character of God that the ground of His predestination must be moral and not arbitrary. What views prevailed in the Early Church with reference to this subject? Who was the first divine that wrote at large on the relations of Divine grace and human freedom? Prove that the possibility of lapsing from a state of reconciliation was contemplated in his system, and is now asserted by the Church of England.

18. Give an exact definition of the Romish doctrine of Pardons, or Indulgences. Why was 'Romish doctrine' substituted in the version of 1562 for the 'doctrine of school-authors'? What motives probably induced the framers of the Articles to withdraw 'prayers for them that are departed out of this world' from the catalogue of Mediæval figments?

19. When, and why, was the term 'sacrament' restricted to seven ordinances of the Western Church? Shew that Baptism and the Lord's Supper alone satisfy the definition of a sacrament as stated in the Catechism. Trace the origin and history of Extreme Unction.

20. Distinguish accurately between the Zwinglian, Roman, Lutheran, Calvinistic and Anglican doctrines of the Eucharist. What allusions to the first two of these are found in the present series of Articles?

21. What is the meaning of the word 'traditions' in Article XXXIV? Shew that such traditions have at all times been considered mutable. Whence arises the moral obligation to comply with them when duly authorised? Who in England has the right of modifying or annulling them?

22. Quote the Injunction mentioned in Article XXXVII respecting the nature and limits of the royal prerogative in matters ecclesiastical. Under what circumstances was the title 'Head of the Church' assumed by Henry VIII, and why was it disclaimed by Queen Elizabeth?

23. Answer the argument which papal advocates derive from our Saviour's promise to St Peter. Trace the growth of the encroachments on which Roman despotism was based, and specify the forms they had assumed in England at the time of their repression.

Carus Prize.

October, 1855.

EXAMINATION FOR BACHELOR'S PRIZE.

Examiners:

REV. C. B. SCOTT, M.A. Trinity College.

REV. J. S. PURTON, M.A. St Catharine's College.
REV. H. R. LUARD, M.A. Trinity College.

1. EXAMINE the nature of the evidence for the Canon of the New Testament derivable from the Apostolical Fathers. Mention instances in which the language of the New Testament is quoted by Clement of Rome or in the vii Epistles of Ignatius.

2. Give an account of the chief characteristics of the MS. D. of the Gospels and Acts. With what Father's quotations has its text most affinity? Give instances. What does F. of the Pauline Epistles contain? How far does it differ from G.? What are its readings in Rom. v. 1, and 1 Tim. iii.

16?

3. What books of the New Testament, received by the Church at large, are absent from the Syrian Canon? What are the principal Syriac Versions? What do they each contain, what is their date, and value for critical purposes, respectively?

4. Examine the meaning of the word éπioúσios in the Lord's Prayer, and give the rendering of any versions with which you are acquainted. What word is said by Jerome to have stood for this in the Gospel according to the Hebrews?

5. Habebat ergo [Paulus] Titum interpretem, sicut et beatus Petrus Marcum, cujus Evangelium Petro narrante et illo scribente compositum est. HIERON. Ep. ad Hedib. c. IX.

What different explanations have been given of the force of the word interpres? How does the usage of épμnvevтns by Eusebius bear upon the question? In which of St Paul's Epistles is Titus said by Jerome to have acted in this capacity? on what grounds? What internal evidence does St Mark's Gospel furnish of the influence of St Peter on its composition?

6. What are the arguments, (1) external, (2) internal, for the genuineness of that section of St John's Gospel which is contained in Ch. vii. 53— viii. 11 of the ordinary text? What evidence do the writings of Tertullian and St Augustine supply of the state of the text in their MSS.?