the club is sitting, but at home may talk as much and as fast as his family occasions require, without breach of statute. The advantages we find from this quaker-like assembly are many. We consider, that the understanding of man is liable to mistakes, and his will fond of contradictions; that disputes which are of no weight in themselves, are often very considerable in their effects. The disuse of the tongue is the only effectual remedy against these. All party concerns, all private scandal, all insults over another man's weaker reasons, must there be lost where no disputes arise. Another advantage which follows from the first (and which is very rarely to be met with) is, that we are all upon the same level in conversation. A wag of my acquaintance used to add a third, viz: that if ever we do debate, we are sure to have all our arguments at our fingers' ends. Of all Longinus's remarks, we are most enamoured with that excellent passage, where he mentions Ajax's silence as one of the noblest instances of the sublime; and (if you will allow me to be free with a namesake of yours) I should think that the everlasting story-teller, Nestor, had he been likened to the ass instead of our hero, he had suffered less by the comparison. 'I have already described the practice and sentiments of this society, and shall but barely mention the report of the neighbourhood, that we are not only as mute as fishes, but that we drink like fishes too; that we are like the Welshman's owl, though we do not sing, we pay it off with thinking. Others take us for an assembly of disaffected persons; nay, their zeal to the government has carried them so far as to send, last week, a party of constables to surprise us. You may easily imagine how exactly we represented the Roman senators of old, sitting with majestic silence, and undaunted at the approach of an army of Gauls. If you approve of our undertaking, you need not declare it to the world; your silence shall be interpreted as consent given to the honourable body of mutes, and in particular to your humble servant, NED MUM. 'P. S. We have had but one word spoken since the foundation, for which the member was expelled by the old Roman custom of bending back the thumb. He had just received the news of the battle of Hochstet, and being too impatient to communicate his joy, was unfortunately betrayed into a lapsus lingue. We acted on the principles of the Roman Manlius, and though we approved of the cause of his error as just, we condemned the effect, as a manifest violation of his duty.' I never could have thought a dumb man would have roared so well out of iny lion's mouth. My next pretty correspondent, like Shakspeare's lion in Pyramus and Thisbe, roars as it were any nightingale. 'July 28, 1713. 'MR. IRONSIDE,—I was afraid at first you were only in jest, and had a mind to expose our nakedness for the diversion of the town; but since I see that you are in good earnest, and have infallibility of your side, I cannot forbear returning my thanks to you for the care you take of us, having a friend who has promised me to give my letters to the lion, until we can communicate our thoughts to you through our own proper vehicle. Now you must know, dear sir, that if you do not take care to suppress this exorbitant growth of the female chest, all that is left of my waist must inevitably perish. It is at this time reduced to the depth of four inches, by what I have already made over to my neck. But if the stripping design, mentioned by Mrs. Figleaf yesterday, should take effect, sir, I dread to think what it will come to. In short, there is no help for it, my girdle and all must go. This is the naked truth of the matter. Have pity on me then, my dear Guardian, and preserve me from being so inhumanly exposed. I do assure you that I follow your precepts as much as a young woman can, who will live in the world without being laughed at. I have no hooped petticoat, and when I am a matron will wear broad tuckers whether you succeed or no. If the flying project takes, I intend to be the last. in wings, being resolved in every thing to behave myself as becomes your most obedient ward.' No. 122.] F Friday, July 31, 1713, Nec magis expressi vultus per ahenea signa. THAT I may get out of debt with the public as fast as I can, I shall here give them the remaining part of Strada's oriticism on the Latin heroic poets. work in the three papers numbered 115, 119, My readers may see the whole themselves cannot but be pleased to see them so 122. Those who are acquainted with the authors justly represented; and as for those who have never perused the originals, they may form a judgment of them from such accurate and ontertaining copies. The whole piece will show at least how a man of genius (and none else should call himself a critic) can make the driest art a pleasing amusement. The Sequel of Strada's Prolusion. The poet who personated Ovid, gives an acwhich attracts gold, after the same manner as count of the chryso-magnet, or of the loadstone the common loadstone attracts iron. The author, that he might express Ovid's way of thinking, derives this virtue to the chryso-mag · net from a poetical metamorphosis. 'As I was sitting by a well,' says he,' when I was a boy, my ring dropped into it, when immediately my father fastening a certain stone to the end of a line, let it down into the well. It no sooner touched the surface of the water, but the ring leaped up from the bottom, and clung to it in such a manner, that he drew it out like a fish. My father, seeing me wonder at the experiment, gave me the following account of it: When Deucalion and Pyrrha went about the world to repair mankind by throwing | flew to his succour, dispersed the multitude that stones over their heads, the men who rose from were gathered about him, and fought over him them differed in their inclinations according to as he lay upon the ground. In the meanwhile the the places on which the stones fell. Those German recovered from his trance, and rose up which fell in the fields became ploughmen and to the assistance of the Portuguese, who a little shepherds. Those which fell into the water pro- after had his right arm, which held his sword, duced sailors and fishermen. Those that fell cut off by the blow of a sabre. He would have among the woods and forests gave birth to lost his life at the same time by a spear which huntsmen. Among the rest there were several was aimed at his back, had not the German slain that fell upon mountains that had mines of gold the person who was aiming at him. These two and silver in them. This last race of men im- competitors for fame having received such mutumediately betook themselves to the search of al obligations, now fought in conjunction, and as these precious metals; but nature being dis- the one was only able to manage the sword, and pleased to see herself ransacked, withdrew these the other a shield, made up but one warrior beher treasures towards the centre of the earth. twixt them. The Portuguese covered the GerThe avarice of man, however, persisted in its man, while the German dealt destruction upon former pursuits, and ransacked her inmost bow- the enemy. At length, finding themselves faint els in quest of the riches which they contained. with loss of blood, and resolving to perish noNature seeing herself thus plundered by a bly, they advanced to the most shattered part swarm of miners, was so highly incensed, that of the wall, and threw themselves down, with she shook the whole place with an earthquake, a huge fragment of it, upon the heads of the and buried the men under their own works. besiegers. The Stygian flames which lay in the neighbourhood of these deep mines, broke out at the same time with great fury, burning up the whole mass of human limbs and earth, until they were hardened and baked into stone. The human bodies that were delving in iron mines were converted into those common loadstones which attract that metal. Those which were in search of gold became chryso-magnets, and still keep their former avarice in their present state of petrifaction.' Ovid had no sooner given over speaking, but the assembly pronounced their opinions of him. Several were so taken with his easy way of writing, and had so formed their tastes upon it, that they had no relish for any composition which was not framed in the Ovidian manner. A great many, however, were of a contrary opinion; until at length it was determined, by a plurality of voices, that Ovid highly deserved the name of a witty man, but that his language was vulgar and trivial, and of the nature of those things which cost no labour in the invention, but are ready found out to a man's hand. In the last place, they all agreed, that the greatest objection which lay against Ovid, both as to his life and writings, was his having too much wit, and that he would have succeeded better in both, had he rather checked than indulged it. Statius stood up next, with a swelling and haughty air, and made the following story the subject of his poem. When Statius ceased, the old factions imme. diately broke out concerning his manner of writing. Some gave him very loud acclamations, such as he had received in his life-time, declaring him the only man who had written in a style which was truly heroical, and that he was above all others in his fame as well as in his diction. Others censured him as one who went beyond all bounds in his images and expressions, laughing at the cruelty of his conceptions, the rumbling of his numbers, and the dreadful pomp and bombast of his expressions. There were, however, a few select judges, who moderated between both these extremes, and pronounced upon Statius, that there appeared in his style much poetical heat and fire, but withal so much smoke as sullied the brightness of it. That there was a majesty in his verse, but that it was the majesty rather of a tyrant than of a king. That he was often towering among the clouds, but often met with the fate of Icarus. In a word, that Statius was among the poets, what Alexander the Great is among heroes, a man of great virtues and of great faults. Virgil was the last of the ancient poets who produced himself upon this occasion. His subject was the story of Theutilla, which being so near that of Judith in all its circumstances, and at the same time translated by a very ingenious gentleman in one of Mr. Dryden's Miscellanies, I shall here give no further account of it. When he had done, the whole assembly declared the A German and a Portuguese, when Vienna works of this great poet a subject rather for was besieged, having had frequent contests of their admiration than for their applause, and rivalry, were preparing for a single duel, when that if any thing was wanting in Virgil's poetry, on a sudden the walls were attacked by the it was to be ascribed to a deficiency in the art enemy. Upon this, both the German and Por- itself, and not in the genius of this great man. tuguese consented to sacrifice their private re- There were, however, some envious murmurs sentments to the public, and to see who could and detractions heard among the crowd, as if signalize himself most upon the common foe.- there were very frequently verses in him which Each of them did wonders in repelling the ene-flagged or wanted spirit, and were rather to be my from different parts of the wall. The German was at length engaged amidst a whole army of Turks, until his left arm, that held the shield, was unfortunately lopped off, and he himself so stunned with a blow he had received, that he fell down as dead. The Portuguese, seeing the condition of his rival, very generously looked upon as faultless than beautiful. But these injudicious censures were heard with a general indignation. I need not observe to my learned reader, that the foregoing story of the German and Portuguese is almost the same in every particular with that of the two rival soldiers in Cæsar's True, conscious honour is to feel no sin; Pope. THERE are a sort of knights-errant in the world, who, quite contrary to those in romance, are perpetually seeking adventures to bring virgins into distress, and to ruin innocence. When men of rank and figure pass away their lives in these criminal pursuits and practices, they ought to consider, that they render themselves more vile and despicable than any innocent man can be, whatever low station his fortune or birth have placed him in. Title and ancestry render a good man more illustrious, but an ill one more contemptible. 'Thy father's merit sets thee up to view, Cato. a letter folded up and directed to a certain nobleman very famous in our parts for low intrigue, or (in plainer words) for debauching country girls; in which number is the unfortunate daughter of my poor tenant, as I learn from the following letter written by her mother. I have sent you here a copy of it, which, made public in your paper, may perhaps furnish useful reflections to many men of figure and quality, who indulge themselves in a passion which they possess but in common with the vilest part of mankind. "MY LORD,-Last night I discovered the injury you have done to my daughter. Heaven knows how long and piercing a torment that short-lived shameful pleasure of yours must bring upon me; upon me, from whom you never received any offence. This consideration alone should have deterred a noble mind from so base and ungenerous an act. But alas! what is all the grief that must be my share, in comparison of that, with which you have requited her by whom you have been obliged? Loss of good name, anguish of heart, shame, and infamy are what must inevitably fall upon her, unless she gets over them by what is much worse, open impudence, professed lewdness, and abandoned prostitution. These are the returns you have made to her for putting in your power all her livelihood and dependence, her virtue and repuI have often wondered that these deflourers tation. O, my lord, should my son have pracof innocence, though dead to all the sentiments tised the like on one of your daughters-I know of virtue and honour, are not restrained by com- you swell with indignation at the very mention passion and humanity. To bring sorrow, con- of it, and would think he deserved a thousand fusion, and infamy, into a family, to wound the deaths, should he make such an attempt upon heart of a tender parent, and stain the life of a poor the honour of your family. It is well, my lord. deluded young woman with a dishonour that And is then the honour of your daughter, whom can never be wiped off, are circumstances, one still, though it had been violated, you might would think, sufficient to check the most violent have maintained in plenty and even luxury, of passion in a heart which has the least tincture greater moment to her, than to my daughter of pity and good-nature. Would any one pur-hers, whose only sustenance it was? And must chase the gratification of a moment at so dear my son, void of all the advantages of a generous a rate, and entail a lasting misery on others, for education, must he, I say, consider; and may such a transient satisfaction to himself; nay, your lordship be excused from all reflection? for a satisfaction that is sure, at some time or Eternal contumely attend that guilty title which other, to be followed with remorse? I am led claims exemption from thought, and arrogates to the subject by two letters which came lately to its wearers the prerogative of brutes. Ever to my hands. The last of them is, it seems, the cursed be its false lustre, which could dazzle copy of one sent by a mother to one who had my poor daughter to her undoing. Was it for abused her daughter; and though I cannot jus- this that the exalted merits and godlike virtues tify her sentiments at the latter end of it, they of your great ancestor were honoured with a are such as might arise in a mind which had not coronet, that it might be a pander to his posteyet recovered its temper after so great a provo-rity, and confer a privilege of dishonouring the cation. I present the reader with it as I received it, because I think it gives a lively idea of the affliction of which a fond parent suffers on such an occasion. shire, July, 1713. 'SIR,-The other day I went into the house of one of my tenants, whose wife was formerly a servant in our family, and (by my grandmother's kindness) had her education with my mother from her infancy; so that she is of a spirit and understanding greatly superior to those of her own rank. I found the poor woman in the utmost disorder of mind and attire, drowned in tears, and reduced to a condition that looked rather like stupidity than grief. She eaned upon her arm over a table, on which lay innocent and defenceless? At this rate the laws of rewards should be inverted, and he who is generous and good, should be made a beggar and a slave; that industry and honest diligence may keep his posterity unspotted, and preserve them from ruining virgins, and making whole families unhappy. Wretchedness is now become my everlasting portion! Your crime, my lord, will draw perdition even upon my head. I may not sue for forgiveness of my own failings and misdeeds, for I never can forgive yours, but shall curse you with my dying breath; and at the last tremendous day shall hold forth in my arms my much wronged child, and call aloud for vengeance on her defiler. Under these present horrors of mind, I could be content to be your chief tormentor, ever paying you mock | reverence, and sounding in your ears, to your unutterable loathing, the empty title which inspired you with presumption to tempt, and overawed my daughter to comply. "Thus have I given some vent to my sorrow; nor fear I to awaken you to repentance, so that your sin may be forgiven. The divine laws have been broken; but much injury, irreparable injury, has been also done to me, and the just Judge will not pardon that until I do. My lord, your conscience will help you to my name." No. 124.] IF Monday, August 3, 1713. Quid fremat in terris violentius ?—Juv. Sat. viii. 37. What roar more dreadful in the world is heard? MORE ROARINGS OF THE LION. 'MR. GUARDIAN,-Before I proceed to make you my proposals, it will be necessary to inform you, that an uncommon ferocity in my countenance, together with the remarkable flatness of my nose, and extent of my mouth, have long since procured me the name of Lion in this our university. The vast emolument that in all probability will accrue to the public from the roarings of my new-erected likeness at Button's, hath made me desirous of being as like him in that part of his character, as I am told I already am in all parts of my person. Wherefore I most humbly propose to you, that (as it is impossible for this one lion to roar, either long enough or loud enough against all things that are roar-worthy in these realms) you would appoint him a sublion, as a præfectus provincia, in every county in Great Britain; and it is my request, that I may be instituted his under-roarer in this university, town, and county of Cambridge, as my resemblance does, in some measure, claim that I should. 'I shall follow my metropolitan's example, in roaring only against those enormities that are too slight and trivial for the notice or censures of our magistrates; and shall communicate my roarings to him monthly, or oftener, if occasion requires, to be inserted in your papers cum privilegio. 'I shall not omit giving informations of the improvement or decay of punning, and may chance to touch upon the rise and fall of tuckers; but I will roar aloud, and spare not, to the terror of, at present, a very flourishing society of people called loungers, gentlemen whose observations are mostly itinerant, and who think they have already too much good sense of their own, to be in need of staying at home to read other people's. 'I have, sir, a raven, that shall serve by way of jackall, to bring me in provisions, which I shall chaw and prepare for the digestion of my principal, and I do hereby give notice to all under my jurisdiction, that whoever are willing to contribute to this good design, if they will affix their information to the leg or neck of the aforesaid raven or jackall, they will be thankfully received by their (but more particularly your) humble servant, LEO THE SECOND. From my den at college, in Cambridge, July 29. 'N. B. The raven won't bite.' 'MR. IRONSIDE,-Hearing that your unicorn is now in hand, and not questioning but his horn will prove a cornucopia to you, I desire that in order to introduce it, you will consider the following proposal. 'My wife and I intend a dissertation upon horns; the province she has chosen, is the planting of them, and I am to treat of their growth, improvement, &c. The work is like to swell so much upon our hands, that I am afraid we shall not be able to bear the charge of printing it without a subscription; wherefore I hope you will invite the city into it, and desire those who have any thing by them relating to that part of natural history, to communicate it to, sir, your humble servant, HUMPHREY BINICORN.' 'SIR,-I humbly beg leave to drop a song into your lion's mouth, which will very truly make him roar like any nightingale. It is fallen into my hands by chance, and is a very fine imitation of the works of many of our English those who admire the translations of Italian lyrics. It cannot but be highly acceptable to all operas. I. Oh the charming month of May! Oh the charming month of May! When the breezes fan the treeses Full of blossoms fresh and gay. Full, &c. II. Oh what joys our prospects yield! Charming joys our prospects yield! In a new livery when we see every Bush and meadow, tree and fieldBush, &c. III. Oh how fresh the morning air! Charming fresh the morning air! When the zephyrs and the heifers Their odoriferous breath compare―― Their, &c. IV. Oh how fine our evening walk! Charming fine our evening walk! When the nighting-gale delighting With her song, suspends our talk With her, &c. V. Oh how sweet at night to dream! VI. Oh how kind the country lass! VII. Oh how sweet it is to spy! VIII. Oh the cooling curds and cream! Who on her skimming dish carves her name- 'July 30. of an old castle built upon a high hill. A noble river ran at the foot of it, which after being broken by a heap of misshapen stones, glided away in a clear stream, and wandering through two woods on each side of it in many windings, shone here and there at a great distance through the trees. I could trace the mazes for some miles, until my eye was led through two ridges of hills, and terminated by a vast mountain in another county. Full of thoughts like these, I make it a rule MR. IRONSIDE,-I have always been very to lose as little as I can of that blessed season; much pleased with the sight of those creatures, and accordingly rise with the sun, and wander which being of a foreign growth, are brought through the fields, throw myself on the banks into our island for show. I may say, there has of little rivulets, or lose myself in the woods. I not been a tiger, leopard, elephant, or hyghgeen, spent a day or two this spring at a country genfor some years past, in this nation, but I have tleman's seat, where I feasted my imagination taken their particular dimensions, and am able every morning with the most luxurious prospect to give a very good description of them. But II ever saw. I usually took my stand by the wall must own, I never had a greater curiosity to visit any of these strangers than your lion. Accordingly I came yesterday to town, being able to wait no longer for fair weather, and made what haste I could to Mr. Button's, who readily conducted me to his den of state. He is really a creature of as noble a presence as I have seen; he has grandeur and good-humour in his countenance, which command both our love and respect; his shaggy mane and whiskers are peculiar graces. In short, I do not question but I hope the reader will pardon me for taking he will prove a worthy supporter of the British his eye from our present subject of the spring, honour and virtue, especially when assisted by by this landscape, since it is at this time of the the unicorn. You must think I would not wait year only that prospects excel in beauty. But upon him without a morsel to gain his favour, if the eye is delighted, the ear hath likewise its and had provided what I hope would have proper entertainment. The music of the birds pleased, but was unluckily prevented by the at this time of the year, hath something in it so presence of a bear, which constantly as I ap-wildly sweet, as makes me less relish the most proached with my present, threw his eyes in my way, and stared me out of my resolution. I must not forget to tell you, my younger daughter and your ward is hard at work about her tucker, having never from her infancy laid aside the modesty-piece. I am, venerable Nestor, your friend and servant, P. N. elaborate compositions of Italy. The vigour which the warmth of the sun pours afresh into their veins, prompts them to renew their species; and thereby puts the male upon wooing his mate with more mellow warblings, and to swell his throat with more violent modulations. It is an amusement by no means below the dig. nity of a rational soul, to observe the pretty creatures flying in pairs, to mark the different passions in their intrigues, the curious contexture of their nests, and their care and tenderness of their little offspring. I am particularly acquainted with a wagtail and his spouse, and made many remarks upon the several gallantries he hourly used, before the coy female would consent to make him happy. When I saw in how many airy rings he was forced to pursue her; how sometimes she tripped before him in a pretty pitty-pat step, and scarce seemed to regard the cowering of his wings, and the many awkward and foppish con homage, it made me reflect upon my own youth, and the caprices of the fair but fantastic Teraminta. Often have I wished that I understood the language of birds, when I have heard him exert an eager chuckle at her leaving him; and do not doubt but that he muttered the same vows and reproaches which I often have vented against that unrelenting maid. MEN of my age receive a greater pleasure from fine weather than from any other sensual enjoyment of life. In spite of the auxiliary bot-tortions into which he put his body to do her tle, or any artificial heat, we are apt to droop under a gloomy sky; and taste no luxury like a blue firmament and sunshine. I have often, in a splenetic fit, wished myself a dormouse during the winter; and I never see one of those snug animals, wrapt up close in his fur, and compactly happy in himself, but I contemplate him with envy beneath the dignity of a philosopher. If the art of flying were brought to perfection, the use that I should make of it would be to attend the sun round the world, and pursue the spring through every sign of the zodiac. This love of warmth makes my heart glad at the return of the spring. How amazing is the change in the face of nature; when the earth, from being bound with frost, or covered with snow, begins to put forth her plants and flowers, to be clothed with green, diversified with ten thousand various dyes; and to exhale such fresh and charming odours, as fill every living creature with delight! The sight that gave me the most satisfaction was a flight of young birds, under the conduct of the father, and indulgent directions and assistance of the dam. I took particular notice of a beau goldfinch, who was picking his plumes, pruning his wings, and with great diligence, adjusting all his gaudy garniture. When he had equipped himself with great trimness and nice. ty, he stretched his painted neck, which seemed to brighten with new glowings, and strained his throat into many wild notes and natural melody. He then flew about the nest in several circles and windings, and invited his wife and |