Chi per man d'altri s'imbocca, tardi satolla. Ital. prov.— "Who depends upon another man's table often dines late."

Chi perde moglie e un quattrino, ha gran perdita del quattrino. Ital. prov.-"He that loseth his wife and a farthing, hath a great loss of his farthing."

Chi prattica con lupi impara a urlar. Ital. prov.-"Who keeps company with a wolf will learn to howl."

Chi servigio fà, servigio aspetta. Ital. prov.-"He who does a service expects one in return.' One good turn deserves another.

Chi sputa contra il vento si sputa contra il viso. Ital. prov.— "He that spits against the wind spits in his own face."

Chi tace confessa. Ital. prov.-"He who is silent confesses." Silence is consent, gives consent.

Chi te fa piu carezze che non vuoi, o ingannato t'ha, o ingannar te vuole. Ital. prov.-"He that caresses, flatters, you more than you desire, either has deceived you, or wishes to deceive." Full of courtesy, full of craft.

Chi t'ha offeso non ti perdona mai. Ital. prov.-"The man who has offended you will never forgive you." There are some men who can never be reconciled to a person whom they have knowingly injured.

Chi tutto abbraccia, nulla stringa. Ital. prov.-"He who grasps at every thing, catches nothing." Covetousness brings nothing

home.

Chi va a letto senza cena, tutta notte si dimena. Ital. prov."Who goes to bed supperless, all night tumbles and tosses."

Chi va piano, va sano e anche lontano. Ital. prov.-"He that goes gently, steadily, goes safely, and also far." Fair and softly go far in a day.

Chi vive in corte, muore a paglia. Ital. prov.-"He who lives at court, dies in a hut, dies on straw." A young serving-man, an old beggar.

Chibouk.—A long Turkish pipe, the stem of which is formed of cherry-wood or ebony, the mouth-piece of amber, and the bowl of baked earthenware.

Chirurgeon. The old way of spelling surgeon: the correct spelling, however, would be cheirurgeon, as the word is a compound of two Greek words, xep [cheir], the hand, and ɛpyov [ergon], a work: a surgeon, then, is literally "a worker with the hand," one who performs medical operations by the hand, not by drugs or medicines.

Chit. A corruption of the Hindoo term Chit, hee [loosely pronounced Chitty]. It means a letter, an epistle, a missive, whether the same be short or long.

Chop.-A Chinese word, indicating quality; first chop denotes superiority.

Chose qui plait est à demi vendue. Fr. prov.-"Pleasing ware is half sold."

Chouans.

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Insurgent Bretons." They were denominated "Chouans," chiefly, as is supposed, from the circumstance of their movements being generally made, like those of owls [from which word the term may be derived], in the night.

Χρη και εν τοις ηθεσιν ώσπερ και εν τη των πραγματων συστάσει αει ζητειν

ʼn TƐ avaykaιov, ʼn TO EIKOS. Gr. ARISTOTLE.-"As well in the conduct of the manners as in the constitution of the fable we must always endeavor to produce either what is necessary, or what is probable." Probability, &c. is to be attended to in literary composition, in writing.

Χρειω παντ' εδιδαξε τι δ' ου χρειω κεν ανευροι; Gr.From an ancient poet, quoted by STOBAEUS [a man of extensive reading, in the course of which he noted down the most interesting passages; to him we are indebted for a large proportion of the fragments that remain of the lost works of poets].

"The use or

"Need all things taught: what cannot need invent?" See "Labor omnia vincit,” and “Haud facilem," &c. Χρησις αρετης εν βιῳ τελειῳ. Gr. DIOGENES LAERTIUS. exercise of virtue in a complete and perfect life." The idea of HAPPINESS, as entertained by the disciples of the Aristotelean, or Peripatetic, School. See "Тo aveрwпivov aуavov," &c.

Chronique scandaleuse. Fr.-"A chronicle of scandalous affairs,

scandalous chronicle."

Xpvow Xpvoorεpa. Gr. SAPPHO.-[Poems] "more golden, lustrous, brilliant, resplendent, refulgent, than gold itself." "Out of nine books of lyric verse, besides an unspecified collection of epigrams, epithalamia [hymns in honor of a marriage], and other kinds of poetry, no more now remains than would lie on the extended palm of a lady's hand. Amongst these precious relics, which are all sweetness itself, there are two pieces, in SAPPHO's own phrase, xpvow xрvoотeрa. Those even to whose ears Greek is a jargon, know that we mean her odes to VENUS and to her Beloved, which last should be called by no other name than THE Fragment. There is no other such fragment in Greek, Latin, or English. It has made SAPPHO a name of power among men, a point of solitary glory in our backward view, the gage and boundary-mark of woman's genius to the world's end. To have shrouded the keenest appetite in the tenderest passion, and to have articulated the pulses of sensation in syllables that burn, and in a measure that breathes, and flutters, and swoons away,to have done this, is to have written these immortal verses. The identical words are of the essence of the work: flashing the soul of the poet upon the reader in a hue of its own, they are not to be spelled out as mere grammatical signs. They are as echoes of unseen and unheard strokes, drops from the heart. They are very SAPPHO. You may render the sense, but you cannot translate the feeling: you cannot approach so near even as to PINDAR, who stands also aloof and inaccessible to modern touch: and all that ever yet has been done is little more than notice to the unlearned reader that some such thoughts, in some such order, were the production of a pagan poetess between two and three thousand years ago. Ciborum ambitiosa fames, et lautae gloria mensae. Lat."The intense yearning for, ineffable aspiration after, the good things of this life, and the glories of a well-appointed table.”

Cicada cicadae cara, formicae formica. Lat. prov.-"A balmcricket is dear to a balm-cricket, and an ant to an ant." Like will to like. Birds of a feather flock together.

Cicerone. Ital.—“A guide, attendant."

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Cicisbeo. Ital.-"A dangler after a lady, lady-dangler." Ci-devant. Fr.-"Formerly." Ci-devant philosophers," that is, "Philosophers of other days, former philosophers.

Cineres credis curare sepultos? Lat.-"Do you think that the ashes of the dead can by this be affected?" Do you think that they feel sensible of the regard or contempt of the living?

avail.

Circumduce.-In Scots law, to put a stop to, to render of no further

Citius usura currit quam Heraclitus. Lat. prov.-"Usury runs quicker than Heraclitus.” The pay-days come round before the borrower is aware. To borrow on usury brings sudden beggary.

Citius venit periculum cum contemnitur. Lat. LABERIUS."That danger which is despised arrives the sooner." The false contempt of an enemy naturally leads to insecurity.

Cito maturum cito putridum. Lat. prov.-"Soon ripe, soon rotten."

Cito pede praeterit aetas. Lat. "Time fleeth away without delay."

Lat. PHAEDRus.

Cito rumpes arcum, semper si tensum habueris; At si laxaris, quum voles, erit utilis. Sic ludus animo debet aliquando dari, Ad cogitandum melior ut redeat tibi. "You will soon break the bow, if you have it, keep it, always bent; but if you unbend it, keep it unbent, when not in use, it will be useful, usable, fit for use whenever you may want it. In like manner ought relaxation to be sometimes, occasionally, given to the mind, in order that it may return better qualified for thinking, for the exercise of the thinking power, the reflective faculties, in order that it may resume study with more vigor, more vigorously."

Civiliter mortuus. Lat.-"Civilly dead." "Before our monasteries were dissolved, if any one became a monk, he was accounted civiliter mortuus:" in other words, he was, as it were, civilly put to death, and executors were appointed, who administered all his effects.

Civisme. Fr.-"Civism, citizenism, patriotism, desire to bring every one under the designation of CITIZEN."

Civitas ea in libertate est posita, quae suis stat viribus, non ex alieno arbitrio pendet. Lat. LIVY. "That state alone is free, which rests upon its own strength, and depends not on the arbitrary will of another." Whatever may be the internal constitution of a state, its freedom can be no more than a shadow, if it be subjected in any way to a foreign interference.

Civium ardor prava jubentium. Lat. HORACE.-"The wild fury of one's fellow-citizens ordering evil measures to be pursued." "He met these striking changes of feeling on the part of the people and the government with the honest intrepidity of a man equally disdainful of the Civium ardor prava jubentium, and the Vultus instantis tyranni. He disregarded both alike: his eye was fixed on immortality." Of such a

man we may say

"Unmoved he hears the crowd's tumultuous cries, And the impetuous tyrant's angry brow defies." See "Vultus instantis tyranni."

F

Clairvoyance. Fr.-"Clear-sightedness, shrewdness, sharpness."
Clament periisse pudorem

Cuncti pene patres, ea quum reprehendere coner,
Quae gravis Aesopus, quae doctus Roscius egit:
Vel, quia nil rectum, nisi quod placuit sibi, ducunt;
Vel, quia turpe putant parere minoribus, et quae

Imberbi didicere, senes perdenda fateri. Lat. HORACE.[Were I to question, call in question, the opinions of these old croakers] "almost the whole tribe of senators would exclaim that I was lost to all sense of shame, in daring to censure pieces dignified by the just action of grave AESOPUS, and learned RoscIUS: either because they hold nothing good that has not before had the good fortune to please them, or because they think it shameful to submit to the judgment of those who are younger than themselves, and to own that they should forget in their old age what they had learnt in their infancy with so much care.'

"[Should I presume their dogmas e'er to blame]
The Senate would pronounce me lost to shame.
What! criticize the scenes that charmed the age
When AESOP and when RoscIUS trod the stage!
Whether too fond of their peculiar taste,
Or that they think their age may be disgraced,
Should they, with awkward modesty, submit
To younger judges in the cause of wit,

Or own that it were best-provoking truth!-
In age to unlearn the learning of their youth."

Thus imitated by POPE:

"One tragic sentence if I dare deride,

Which Betterton's grave action dignified,

Or well-mouthed Booth with emphasis proclaims
[Though but, perhaps, a muster-roll of names],
How will our fathers rise up in a rage,
And swear all shame is lost in George's age!
You'd think no fools disgraced the former reign,
Did not some grave examples yet remain,
Who scorn a lad should teach his father skill,
And, having once been wrong, will be so still."
Aged persons make no allowance for juvenile opinion.
Clameur publique. Fr.-"Hue and cry."

Claqueur. Fr.-" A clapper, praiser, applauder, eulogizer."

Classes dangereuses. Fr.—“The dangerous classes, orders, of society."

[The] Classics. "What are the Classics?" is a question often asked. The great works, then, so designated [the literary compositions of those whose works have come down to us in Greek and in Latin] have earned the above epithet, and come recommended to the reverence of all mankind, solely in virtue of the scrupulous propriety of their language; and because they are fitted to serve as models of style to all succeeding generations. The purity of their diction, and nothing else, has been their passport to immortality.

Clausum fregit. Law Lat.-" He broke through the inclosure." A name, given by a fiction of law to an action for debt, in which such a trespass is supposed to have taken place.

Clavis regni. Lat.-"The key of the kingdom." Applied to the GREAT SEAL.

Climax. Gr. in Roman letters.-Properly, "a stair, winding staircase, ladder:" it is also a figure in Rhetoric [the art of oratory], by which the sense of the expressions rises gradually. We use the word to signify "A gradation, conclusion, wind-up, finishing-stroke."

card.

Clique. Fr.-"A set, party."

Coat-card. What is now corrupted into Court-card: A pictured

Cobra capella.-The hooded snake of the East. Some medical men assert that the bite of a cobra capella in full vigor, and in possession of all its poisonous qualities, is as surely fatal as a pistol-ball; and that it is only when this poison is weakened by expenditure that medicine can be of any avail. "Where," says Mr. Charles Butler, in speaking of the authorship of JUNIUS, "do we find in the writing of Sir Philip Francis those thoughts that breathe, those words that burn, which JUNIUS scatters in every page? a single drop of the cobra capella, which falls from JUNIUS So often?"

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Cockney.-Derived from the Greek word oukoyevns [oikogenes], "one born in the family," as opposed to purchased slaves, "one born and brought up at home." A thorough-paced, thorough-going, downright OLKOYεvns" is, according to PLATO, "a genuine Athenian, who, having been born in the city, seldom, if ever, set foot beyond the bounds of it; one, moreover, utterly ignorant of every thing but city matters, and from want of experience and familiarity with the most ordinary things that everybody ought to know, things of daily occurrence, a foolish and gaping admirer of every, even the most trivial thing imaginable."

Coelum, non animum, mutant, qui trans mare currunt.

Lat. HORACE.— "Those who cross the seas change their climate, but [in many instances] not their mind." This maxim of the poet is meant to enforce that weak minds can derive but little advantage from the survey of foreign countries; or, in another sense, that the guilty cannot leave themselves behind. "Those wights who through the venturous ocean range, Not their own passions, but-the climate, change."

Compare THOMAS MOORE:

"Seasons may roll,

But the true soul

Burns the same where'er it

goes."

See also" Quid terras, &c.," ". In culpa est, &c.,” and “Longe fugit, &c.”

-Coelumque tueri

Lat. OVID.—

Jussus, et erectos ad sidera tollere vultus. "When the negro, ," said George Canning, "is lifted from a level with the beast of the field, when he has been allowed to take his stand amongst the human race

'Coelumque tueri

Jussus, et erectos ad sidera tollere vultus'

then comes the fit opportunity for considering this most difficult subject"