Presbyterians, three Roman Catholic chapels, and a synagogue." EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS OF MANCHESTER. Mr. Gorton remarks, "Among the most important of the charitable foundations is the hospital, or Blue-coat School, established through the munificent bequest of Humphrey Cheetham, esq., in 1651, with a charter of incorporation, granted by Charles II., for the education and support of forty boys; but the funds having been greatly augmented, the number of scholars has been doubled. To the same benefactor the town is indebted for the foundation of a valuable public library, said to contain 15,000 volumes of printed books, besides manuscripts, with a salaried librarian, and a fund producingfa sum,for making annual additions to the collection. There is a free grammarschool in Long Millgate, which was founded in 1513 by Hugh Oldham, bishop of Exeter, and which is a seminary of considerable importance and great reputation, having attached to it a high master, a second master, two assistants, and a master of the lower school. The other establishments for gratuitous education include the Collegiate Church School, Fennel Street; the Deaf and Dumb School, Stanley Street, Salford; St. John's School, Gartside Street; the Catholic Free-school, Lloyd Street; the New Jerusalem School, Irwell Street, Salford; the Ladies' Jubilee School, Strangeways Park; the National School, Granby Row; the National School, Bolton Street, Salford; the Lancasterian School, Marshall Street; and the Infant School, Saville Street, Chorlton Row. There are also a considerable number of Sunday-schools, almost every place of worship having one of those useful institutions attached to it. The whole number of children receiving gratuitous education at day-schools in Manchester, has been stated to be about 2600; and the number of the Sunday scholars about 26,000." MEANS OF COMMUNICATION. The commerce of Manchester derives vast advantages from inland navigation, the river Irwell affording the means of regular intercourse with Liverpool; and the duke of Bridgwater's canal forming a communication for the conveyance of merchandise to the interior of the kingdom, and for the supply of coal and raw materials for the consumption of the various manufacturing establishments. The railway also recently completed between this town and Liverpool, traversed as it is by steam-carriages, presents a medium for the transfer of goods, or for speedy travelling beyond comparison with reference to other modes of conveyance. Contrasted with the rate of travelling about half a century ago, the flight of the steam-carriage seems almost incredible. In 1770, the diligence started from Manchester at six o'clock in the morning, and after breakfasting, dining, and taking tea on the road, the passengers reached Liverpool at nightfall. On the 4th of December, 1830, the Planet locomotive engine, took the first load of merchandise which passed along the railway from Liverpool to Manchester. The train consisted of eighteen waggons, containing 135 bags of American cotton, 200 barrels of flour, sixty-three sacks of oatmeal, and thirty-four sacks of malt, the aggregate weight of which was 51 tons, 11 cwt. I qr. To this must be added the weight of the waggons and oil-cloths, namely 23 tons, 8 cwt. 3 qrs.; the tender, water, and fuel, weighed four tons, and there were fifteen persons on the train, whose weight was one ton; making a total weight of exactly eighty tons, exclusive of the engine, weighing about six tons more. The journey was performed in two hours and fifty-four minutes, including three stoppages of five minutes each. The train was assisted up the inclined plane at Rainhill, by other engines at the rate of nine miles an hour; and it descended another inclined plane at Sutton, at the rate of sixteen miles and a half in an hour. The average rate on other parts of the road was twelve miles and a half in an hour, and the greatest speed on the level fifteen miles and a half in an hour, which was continued for a mile or two at different periods of the journey. ECCLESIASTICAL STATISTICS OF Lancashire. Although the "General Statistics of Lancashire" were given in the first volume of the Christian's Penny Magazine, the ecclesiastical department has considerably changed during the last three years, and this branch will not fail to be edifying to many of our readers, especially in connexion with this sketch of the statistics of its principal town, and more especially to our numerous readers in Manchester. The following is given from the Congregational Magazine for December, 1835. "General Statistics.-Area, 1766 square miles. Parishes, 70. Population, 1,336,854. Established Church.-Jurisdiction, Chester. Diocesan, Dr. J. B. Sumner. Churches and Chapels, 292. Voluntary Churches.-Total number of Congregations, 514, i, e. Roman Catholics, 86; Presbyterians, 21; Independents, 100; Baptists, 39; Calvinistic Methodists, 9; Wesleyan Methodists, 154; other Methodists, 80; Quakers, 25. Contributions to Missionary and Bible Societies, 9639 0 5 British and Foreign Bible Society 4543 9 7 Education.-Children educated in Infant Schools, 6360; Daily, 91,174; Sunday, 198,777. with a solemn charge to them to read it over every month. His widow was also very deeply impressed, and she is become now, I hope, truly religious; and thus has a whole family, probably, been rescued from ruin by that excellent tract. It was the production, I believe, of your sister Sally, who, I am sure, will rejoice on this account." Coachmen are a different and greatly improved race of men from those of twenty or thirty years ago but very few of them are believed to be pious. The writer of this, while waiting an hour at that great coach inn, the Bull and Mouth, London, inquired of one of the porters if there were any of the multitude of coachmen belonging to that establishment supposed to be religious; when he replied "Not one. There was one a year or two ago, that was said to be a religious man, but he left coaching." Can nothing be done to promote the spiritual welfare of coachmen? BENEVOLUS. THE SABBATH SCHOOL TEACHER'S SIR,-I gazed intently on a scene of wretchedness one afternoon, while passing through the streets of 2911 13 8 London, and my feet seemed rivetted to the spot. A stranger approached and gave sixpence to a poor woman, on whose knees were three helpless babes, and I heard a heavy sigh accompany a blessing on his head-again the prayer was repeated, and my bosom appeared to beat with joy at so much GRATITUDE. I had dropped my mite and was departing, when a small voice cried " Teacher, teacher"-and another voice, though in a sweeter tone, re-echoed the words immediately; but scarcely had I turned to discover who addressed me, when two little boys caught my hand, and with all those marks of affection they would have shown towards a parent, expressed their delight at seeing me. I was somewhat struck with their manner, and the brightness with which their eyes shone on me, for nothing but love was to be seen in their countenances. I called to my mind a momentary glimpse of the preceding Sabbath, when they listened to my teaching; and I thought of the reward that was now offered me for my labour; again GRATITUDE presented itself to my view, but, oh! it was of a kind to which none other may be compared-words cannot express my emotions at the moment-but, indeed, it was a Sabbath School Teacher's Reward. Yours, Sir, truly, Associations.-30 Sunday School Unions, 559 Schools, 15,674 Teachers, and 163,530 Scholars. Lancashire Union of Independent Churches, Rev. T. Raffles, LL.D., Secretary. This important Society assists 41 poor congregations, and has 66 out-stations. Income 1292/. Yorkshire and Lancashire Baptist Association, formed 1787, includes 55 churches. Rev. J. Harbottle, Accrington, Secretary. Collegiate Institutions.-The Blackburn Independent Academy; Tutor, Rev. Gilbert Wardlaw, M.A. Roman Catholic College, Stoneyhurst. "SORROWFUL SAM," AND THE CONVERSION OF THE DRUNKEN COACHMAN. THE Rev. J. Venn, an eminent evangelical clergyman of Clapham, in a letter to Mrs. Hannah More, in 1810, relates the following instance of the penitent death of a "drunken coachman," his change of mind having been effected through the instrumentality of a tract. "A poor man in this village lately died in a most penitent and happy state, which he owed entirely to the perusal of your little tracts. He was a driver of one of the stage coaches in this place, was very drunken and profligate, and never attended a place of worship; but beginning to sink under the injuries which dram-drinking did to his constitution, one of our benevolent visitors of the district in which he lived, called upon him, and left him a parcel of tracts. Sorrowful Sam,' was the one which particularly struck him, and was blessed, I think I may justly say, to his entire conversion. His illness was long and lingering, but he gave every satisfaction which could be desired of a solid change of heart, and upon his death he earnestly desired that a copy of that tract might be given to each of his children, G. B. S. CONFIDENCE IN GOD ILLUSTRATED. A LADY in one of our large cities had been in the habit of attending religious meetings in the evening. When she had no one to accompany her, she would sometimes go alone. On her return one evening, from a place of worship, in crossing a public walk which lay in her way home, she was met by two ruffians, who stept before her, and presenting a pistol to her breast, demanded her watch and money. Although alone, as they supposed, there was One present in whom she trusted, whom the wretches did not see, and at whose approach, others like them, once" went back and fell to the ground." As she had no arm of flesh to protect her, she instantly fell on her knees before them, and, with uplifted hands, cried out, "Now, Lord Jesus, help! The affrighted assassins fled. B. R. G. CHRISTIAN LADY'S FRIEND. THE MOTHER'S GUIDE.-No. II. MATERNAL dignity, how great! Maternal responsibility, how serious! what an awakening idea is suggested by the expression! Who is sufficient to fulfil the weighty obligation? In what terms of language can the sentiment be adequately conveyed? What powers of mind can form a just conception of its reality? tality. God may surely be imagined, as saying to me, in the language of Pharaoh's daughter to the mother of Moses, Take this child and nurse it for me, and I will give thee thy wages.' (Exod. ii. 9.) He is directing and assuring me, Train up a child in the way he should go, and when he is old he will not depart from it.' (Prov. xxii. 6.) "Knowing the preciousness of my own soul, how can I forget the worth of thine. Humbly depending on his grace, therefore, I will watch thy opening mind, fill it with divine truth, and lead thee by precepts and by my example in the ways of my Redeemer and Lord. Now, even while thou art unconscious of my cares, will I commend thee to his faithful protection, to bless thee with the gift of his Holy Spirit, to enrich thee with his grace, to guide thee with his counsel, and afterward to lead thee to his glory." Maternal responsibility arises from various considerations. The father, and every branch of the family, look to the mother with large expectations. They expect from her not only the daily nourish. Doubtless the various obligations must fully correspond with the true honour which distinguishes a mother! but who will be sufficiently presumptuous to declare, that he clearly comprehends the real dignity pertaining to that being, who is destined to out. live the luminaries of heaven, and to exist in a future world through the boundless ages of eternity, in a condition corresponding with its character on earth? An intelligent pious mother, looks upon her help-ment, and unremitting attention to the health of the less sucking infant with sensations altogether peculiar to herself-with solicitude that is absolutely unutterable. Beholding its beautiful countenance, she drops a tear upon its smiling face, exclaiming, "My lovely babe, thou art an inestimable treasure committed to my charge, for the preserving of which I am made accountable to God, the Creator of all things, our awful Judge. 'Helpless immortal! insect infinite!' truly thou art fearfully and wonderfully made; but thy tender frame is the sacred depository of a jewel more precious than the whole world! thy delicate form is feebler far than that of the beasts that perish; yet art thou ordained to survive the wreck of worlds. Thou art born to witness the awful catastrophe of the stars falling useless from their orbits of the sun being extinguished-and of old Time himself expiring. "While slumbering in thy mother's lap, thou art, peaceful and secure; unconscious of my solicitude for thy future welfare, and of my prayers for thy eternal salvation. A thousand anxious fears and hopes alternately crowd my mind. Should Divine Providence spare thy life to manhood, O what will be thy charncter-thy pursuits-thy influence among men? If spared to witness thy career, shall my soul rejoice in beholding thee a man of God-a minister of Christ-a disciple of Jesus?-an ornament to thy family-a blessing to the world? May the God of all grace say, Amen, and make thee a praise in the whole earth. Or shall anguish break my heart, seeing thee a lover of pleasure more than a lover of God?-an unbeliever?—a haughty sceptic, dreaded by thy parents and dangerous to society? "I have been the means of thy natural life, and a character of eternity is impressed upon thy soul. Through me thou hast derived a corrupted nature, and become a participant in the evil of the universal apostacy of our race; but, alas! my will and power are insufficient to make thee a new creature in Christ Jesus. He who is called faithful and true has declared 'ye must be born again: participating of a new birth to become a child of God and so an heir of God through Christ. Thou art a child of many prayers. Thy father, believing the promises of God; and thy mother, in the exercise of faith, have many times besought the Lord for thee; and God forbid that we should cease to pray for thy spiritual welfare and thy salvation. Thy religious character on earth, and thy eternal happiness in heaven, may have been ordained to depend upon my instrumen helpless stranger; but the culture of its opening mind. The storing of its opening memory, and the directing of its improving judgment, with sound principles of truth and every virtue. This reputation and happiness, by the ordination of the infinitely wise God, are made, in a great degree, to depend upon the principles, habits, and character of their infant relative, as he springs up in life. But they regard the mother as chiefly responsible for that future character, as they look upon her as the guardian of its mind, and almost as the originator of those seeds of virtue, which grow to maturity, under the Divine blessing, in all the beauty of personal and social excellence. Society, in general, regard the mother as responsible for the principles of her child; and the public voice will be lifted up in praise or blame according to the character which he may exhibit in mature years. An intelligent public behold in their mothers' laps, the senators, judges, and magistrates of the next age; and they consider that no small measure of the wisdom, integrity, and patriotism, which shall characterize them in their official stations, and in private life, securing unnumbered blessings to society, may be imparted by their earliest, their natural instructor. Should they, instead of being virtuous, be famous chiefly for their folly, avarice, and selfishness, their vices will be charged in a like degree upon their parents. Let mothers reflect upon these suggestions. Let them endeavour to realize their own responsibility in relation to their children, and contemplate their tender infants as public property, as the best hope of the nation. The church regards the mother as very greatly responsible for the future character of her child, in relation to the things of God. Experienced Christians are most deeply sensible that regeneration is the sole work of the Holy Spirit. They acknowledge, from an intelligent conviction, "Not all the outward forms on earth, And forms the man afresh." But they also know that man is a moral agent; and that instruction in the principles of divine truth, in the gospel of Christ, is the ordained means of that heavenly renovation of the heart, which is accom plished by the Spirit of God. Observation and experience, moreover, have proved to them, that the early, affectionate, pious instruction of the mother, has often left impressions, which the power of evil example in an ungodly world has not been sufficient to eradicate, or seriously to injure. Doubtless those impressions, if not altogether produced by the good Spirit, with his own truth inculcated by the mother, were yet aided by his gracious influence. It has been the deliberate judgment of the most eminent and distinguished divines, formed from a penetrating study of the Word of God, and long observation, that maternal influence is more effectual with children in the order of means, than any other kind of instrumentality. Can it be a subject of wonder, therefore, that the church should hold mothers, in a great degree, responsible for the character of their children? They see the future Christian pastors of the churches at home-the holy zealous missionaries to the heathen nations and the wise and learned tutors of both in our colleges and seminaries, at present in their smil-❘ ing infants-and therefore they attach to mothers the highest responsibility. withstand the power of temptation in his high and dangerous office. Lady Abney was worthy of the decided piety of her husband; and the following anecdote will illustrate her excellent character. Doctor Watts, in 1712, was seized with a severe attack of fever, when Sir Thomas Abney invited him to try the benefit of the air at Stoke Newington. Eight years he continued under the hospitable roof of that pious and generous citizen, when he died; but his widow would not consent to the removal of her excellent guest, and he remained in that worthy family, joying," to use the language of Dr. Johnson, demonstrations of the truest friendship," for thirtysix years, till his death. 66 66 en the Lady Huntingdon, in 1742, paid a visit to the venerable doctor, who thus accosted her; “Madam, your ladyship is come to see me on a very remarkable day." "Why is this day," asked the countess, so very remarkable?" "This day thirty years,” replied the doctor, "I came hither, to the house of my good friend Sir Thomas Abney, intending to spend but one single week under this friendly roof; and I have extended my visit to the length of thirty years." Lady Abney, who was present, immediately addressed the doctor in these terms; Sir, what you term a long thirty years' visit, I consider as the shortest visit my family ever received !" 66 A coalition like this," as Dr. Johnson remarks, a state in which the notions of patronage and dependence were overpowered by the perception of reciprocal benefits, deserves a particular memorial." Responsibility to man, however, derives its chief importance from its connexion with the tribunal of God. "We must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ; that every one may receive the things done in his body, according to that he hath done, whether it be good or bad." (2 Cor. v. 9.) Parents, in a degree corresponding with their honour, and the value of the things committed to their trust, are accountable! mothers are highly responsible! and who can imagine the piercing anguish of her soul, who, after having devoted her life to promote the personal and external accomplishments of her child, the spiritual interests being neglected, shall see it, through her criminal folly, condemned by the right-long residence in this family. The amiable consort eous and almighty Judge. Oh let mothers awake to their obligations; and while conscious of weakness, they may feelingly exclaim, "Who is sufficient for these things?" Let them, in the path of duty, remember, for their encouragement, the faithfulness of God, the promises of his grace and Spirit, and the unsearchable riches of Christ! LADY ABNEY, HER DAUGHTER, LADY SIR THOMAS ABNEY and his lady were members of Dr. Johnson adds, "Had it not been for this happy event, the church and the world might have been deprived of those many excellent sermons and works which he drew up and published during his of Sir Thomas Abney, showed him the same respect VARIETIES. has been purchased by the emperor of Russia's grand-falconer for the sum of 500,000 rubles. The diamond originally came from India, and has remained in Europe for the last four centuries. Charles the Bold, duke of Burgundy, was its first owner, and he wore it on his helmet at the battle of Nancy, in which he lost his life. In 1489, it came into the possession of the king of Portugal, who, wanting money, sold it to a French gentleman for a million of francs. Nicholas Harley Sancy, who gave it his name, had it afterwards by succession. At the time of his embassy at Soleure, Henry III. enjoined him to send the diamond in order to pledge it, the servant entrusted with it being attacked by robbers, swallowed it, and was murdered. Sancy ordered the corpse to be opened, and the diamond was found in the stomach. James II. possessed it in 1633, when he escaped to France. It belonged to Louis XIV., THE SANCY DIAMOND.-This celebrated diamond and Louis XV. wore it in his hat at his coronation. The Sancy Diamond has the shape of a pear; it is of the very first water, and weighs 53 carats. ISRAELITE SCHOOLS.-In the grand duchy of Baden, the Jewish population, of about 20,000, scattered over 130 parishes, possess thirty-four popular schools for the instruction of their less affluent brethren. The masters of these schools receive salaries varying from 350 to 500 francs per annum, POOR IN PARIS.-In 1791, the number amounted to 118,784. In 1803, to 111,626. In 1805, to 86,936. In 1813, to 102,800. In 1829, to 62,705. In 1832, to near 70,000. At present, the number is about 63,000. EXTRAORDINARY WOMAN.-A Woman lately died in Italy aged 142 years. She had been blessed with eight husbands, the last of whom survived her. LONGEVITY IN PERU.-It appears from the Mercurio Peruano, that in the province of Caxamanco a Spaniard died in 1763, aged 144 years, eight months, and five days, leaving 800 persons lineally descended from him. In the same province, not containing more than 70,000 persons, there were living in 1792, eight persons, whose ages were—114, 117, 121, 131, 132, 135, 141, and 147. ANCESTORS.-The number of ancestors a person has is astonishing at first sight. At first, two parents; in the second four, the parents of his father and mother; in the third eight, the parents of his two grandfathers and two grandmothers; by the same rate of progression, 1024 in the tenth; and at the twentieth degree, or at the distance of twenty generations, every person has above 1,000,000 ancestors, as common arithmetic will demonstrate. REVIEW. Missionary Records. Tahiti and the Society Islands. 18mo. cloth, pp. 342. Illustrated with a Map. London: Religious Tract Society. CHRISTIAN Missions to the heathen during the last forty years have been honoured as the means of the most wonderful improvement of the degraded tribes of mankind, under the special and most remarkable blessing of Divine Providence. "Tahiti and the Society Islands," afford the most extraordinary illustration of this observation; and this volume, though small in size, deserves to have a place in every Christian's library. It is especially suited for school, village, and vestry libraries; and every young person, whose friends regard the gospel as divine, and Christianity as the renovating doctrine of heaven, should be directed to peruse these exceedingly interesting records. Tahiti was first discovered by Captain Wallis, of his Majesty's ship Dolphin, in 1767, when its inhabitants were sunk in the lowest state of moral degradation. Wars and infanticide were rapidly reducing the wretched inhabitants, when, in 1797, the first missionaries arrived; but those dreadful evils have been happily removed by the evangelization of many among the people. Divine goodness favoured the missionaries so, that " in the islands there were, in 1832, thirty-niné stations, fourteen missionaries, Heaven Unveiled; or Views of Immortal Life and Glory. By JOSEPH FREEMAN. 18mo. cloth, pp. 226. London: Simpkin, Marshall, & Co. DIVINE inspiration, by the pen of the apostle John, who closed the canon of Scripture, has declared with respect to the world of glory, "Beloved, now are we the sons of God; and it doth not yet appear what we shall be but we know that, when he shall appear, we shall be like him; for we shall see him as he is." Heaven, therefore, is not unveiled fully: nevertheless, there are the most instructive and consolatory intimations throughout the New Testament, and especially the writings of John, of the rest, purity, felicity, and glory of the redeemed, in the world above. MR. ALEXANDER'S design is very excellent, and worthy of being imitated by the ministers of the gospel in all our large provincial cities and towns. By this means their congregations would be furnished, not only with monuments of the piety, talents, and pastoral regards of their ministers, but a standing exhibition of their principles, and appropriate means of edification for their families. Mr. A.'s first sermon, "On the Sources and Peculiarities of Celestial Blessedness," delivered January 3, this year, is remarkable for its sound scriptural statements in plain forcible language. We have no doubt of his success in thus furnishing, "at a cheap rate, and in an attractive form, a set of sermons which may be interesting and useful to individuals and to families." NIGHT EXCHANGED FOR DAY. YON half-form'd moon which shines so bright, |