A STUDY OF INTELLECTUAL AND SPIRITUAL

GROWTH FROM EARLY TIMES TO THE

ESTABLISHMENT OF CHRISTIANITY

BY

HENRY OSBORN TAYLOR

Πνεύμα ο θεός

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER XIV.

PAOB

I

5

7

IO

II

15

THE EMPIRE: THE PUBLIC HOPE.

The Situation ; Octavius

The Policy of Augustus

Looking to the Past : Its Rustic Virtue ; The Georgics

Rome's Fortitude : Obeying Divine Destiny

The Æneid : Power and Sadness of Obedience

The Gods Founded Rome .

As the Past Declares, so let its Virtues Guard the Future
Rome's Imperial Charge
Æneid VI.
Religious and Moral Betterment; The Carmen Sæculare
The High Hope Looking to the Emperor ; The Imperial Apo-

theosis

The Empire's Dignity

The Hellenic East, the Latin West

17

18

19

22

24

28

29

CHAPTER XV.

32

40

41

THE EMPIRE: THE SPIRITUAL CHANGE.

From Homer to Virgil : Homeric and Virgilian Pathos

Virgil's Tenderness towards All of Life

Horace ; The Pathos of Epicureanism

From the Garden to the Porch ; Horace Preaches Virtue ; Look

Within.

Persius and Juvenal

Love at Rome; Pliny

Roman Law and Greek Thought

.

46

49

52

53

CHAPTER XVI.

THE EMPIRE: PHILOSOPHY AND RELIGIOUS REVIVAL,

The Age and its Philosophers

56

WILSI:...

VOL. II.

111

PAGR

57

60

65

67

Stoical Aphorism and Benevolence : Seneca
Stoical Religiousness : Epictetus
The Pathos of Stoicism : Marcus Aurelius .
All Things Come from the Gods
Satisfaction of the Rational Soul, the Dissatisfaction of the Man.
Three Acts Are the Drama! The Stoical Failure

From Reason to Ecstasy and Oracle

Philo; Appolonius of Tyana ; Plutarch

Plotinus the Neo-Platonist.

The Absolute “ First" ; The Nous ; The Soul; The Sensible

World

Purification unto the Ecstasy of God

The Neo-Platonic Result

Porphyry; Iamblicus; The Philosophy of Superstition

Abidingness of Paganism ; Character of the Religious Revival

Julian and Christianity

71

76

77

78

80

81

84

86

88

90

92

CHAPTER XVII.

97

99

IOI

ISRAEL: DELIVERANCE AND CONSECRATION.

Israel's Sphere

The Stories of the Patriarchs ; Writing

The Exodus and Resulting Thought of God; Moses

Leadership, Divine and Human ; Samuel and a King

Kingly Qualities ; Saul's Failure

The Righteousness of David

Solomon ; The Justice and Mercy of the Time

Israel's Twofold Religious Consciousness ; The Covenant with

Jehovah .

Religious Ethics of Patriarchal Narrative

The Consecration of Deliverance ; Its Permitted Self-Assertion .

123

124

CHAPTER XVIII.

.

.

ISRAEL'S SPIRITUAL GROWTH.

Prophetic Lessons; Elijah .

The Hebrew Prophet .

Israel's Religion Imperfect ; Modes of Completion

Jehovah's Power of Righteousnes

Prophetic Monotheism : Jehovah God of All Peoples .

His Love of Israel

Jehovah a Law of Righteousness for Israel : The Righteousness

Demanded

129

131

133

134

135

137

140

PAGB

CHAPTER XIX.

MESSIANIC PROPHECY.

Comprehensiveness and Diversity of Messianic Thought

The Covenants and the Messiah-King

The Messiah-King in the Prophets

The Servant of Jehovah

The Servant in “Second Isaiah" ; Isaiah liii

Divine Efficiency of Suffering

The Sanction of Righteousness

The Last Judgment

Israel's Mediatorial Restoration ; The Presence of Jehovah

146

147

150

154

156

163

165

167

168

.

.

.

CHAPTER XX.

THE PSALTER.

Artist Qualities of Greece and Israel ; Character of Hebrew

Poetry

The Thought of God in the Psalter

Jehovah's Infinity of Righteousness and Love

The Sense of Self before its God

The Soul's Right Attitude .

Fret not Thyself ; Trust Jehovah

I am Always with Thee

How I Love Thy Law

Can the Dead Praise Thee .

Let God Arise, and Let His Enemies be Scattered

God be Gracious! The Victory .

The Psalter's Lyric Universality

.

172

175

178

182

184

186

191

192

192

195

197

200

.

.

.

CHAPTER XXI.

202

a

.

WISDOM AND THE LAW-LATER JUDAISM.

Chokhmah.

Teaching of Proverbs : Wisdom, God's Plan ; Wisdom is Fear of

the Lord and Righteousness

203

Why Do the Righteous Suffer? The Book of Job a Statement of

the Problem

208

Ecclesiastes

214

The Law a Reflex of Jehovah's Ways .

216

Thou shalt Love the Lord Thy God

217

Holiness and Righteousness; the Ritual

218

Him Only shalt Thou Serve

222

Babylonian and Persian Influence

223

Hellenism.

Israel's Rigid Strength : The Zeal for the Law and its Tradition 225

Apocalyptic Prophecy; Immortality and Resurrection

228

The Messiah

229