of Rome. Having slain his brother in a quarrel, he ruled alone over the infant city. How he died is uncertain; but after a reign of thirtyseven years, he was worshipped as a god by the Romans, under the name of Quirinus.

Rutuli, ōrum, m. plu., an ancient

people of Italy, bordering upon the Latins, to whom they were allied. Their capital was Ardea.

S.

Sabæus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Saba, a town of Arabia, famous for frankincense, rich gums, fruits, and spices.

Salentīni, ōrum, m., a people on the coast of Calabria.

Salentinus, a, um, adj., Salentine. Sālmōneus, ei and eos, m., the son of Eolus, King of Elis, who, for his Implety in imitating the thunder of Jupiter, was struck by a thunderbolt, and sent to the infernal regions beside his brother Sisyphus. Săme, es, f., an island of the Ionian sea, near Cephalonia. Some say Cephalonia itself. Sarpedon, onis, m., a son of Jupiter, and King of Lydia, who joined the Trojans, and was slain by Patroclus. Saturnia, æ, f., a name of Juno, as being the daughter of Saturn; also an ancient name of Italy, because Saturn reigned over it during the golden age; also a very ancient city of Italy built by Saturn on the Tarpeian rock.

Scæus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Scæan gate, one of the six gates of Troy, built by Priam, where the tomb of Laomedon was seen. Scipiădæ, arum, m. plu., the two Scipios. The elder called Africanus Major, who conquered Hannibal ; and the younger, Africanus Minor, the adopted grandson of the former, who destroyed Numantia and Carthage.

Scylla, æ, f., a rock in Lower Italy, projecting into the sea, on the Sicilian straits, opposite the whirlpool

Charybdis, most dangerous to sailors; also a daughter of Phorcus, changed into the above-mentioned rock, with dogs about the lower parts; also a daughter of Nisus, King of Megara, who cut off the purple hair of her father, upon which the destiny of his kingdom depended. She afterwards, through remorse, pined away, and was turned into a lark.

Scyllæus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Scylla.

Scyros and Scyrus, i, f., one of the Cyclades. Here Achilles was concealed in women's apparel to prevent his going to the siege of Troy. Scỹrius, a, um, adj., Scyran. Selīnus, i, m., a maritime town of

Sicily, called after the parsley which grows there in great abundance. Seres, um, m., a nation of Asia, between the Ganges and the eastern ocean. Serestus, i, m, a Trojan chief who was appointed by Eneas tutor or governor of Ascanius.

Sergestus, i, m., a Trojan chief who accompanied Æneas, and became the founder of the Sergian family at Rome.

Serrānus, i, m., a name of Cincinnatus, given him from the circumstance in which he was found when the Romans came to take him from his farm, which he was sowing, to raise him to the high office of dictator.

Sibylla, æ, f., a woman divinely in

spired. There were ten celebrated Sibyls, but the most notable was that of Cuma in Italy.

Sicani, orum, m. plu., a people who emigrated from Spain, and lived on the western shore of Italy; they afterwards settled in Sicily, which from them is sometimes called Sicania. Sīcănius, a, um, adj., Sicanian, of or near Sicily.

Sichæus, i, m., the husband of Dido,

who was slain by Pygmalion before the altar to obtain his riches. Sicilia, æ, f., the largest and most

famous island in the Mediterranean sea, at the south of Italy, and separated from it by the straits of

Messina. From its three promontories it was called Trinacria; from the Sicani it was named Sicania; and from the Siculi, a people of Italy, Sicilia was derived.

Siculus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Sicily.

Sidon, ōnis, f., a town of Phoenicia, once famous for purple, and one of the most ancient and celebrated cities in the world.

near which the fleet of Eneas stopped.

Stygius, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the river Styx.

Styx, ygis, m., one of the rivers of hell, considered so particularly sacred, that an oath taken by it, could not be violated even by the gods. In case of failure, they were deprived of the privileges of their divinity for a a hundred years.

Sidon.

Sigēum, i, n., a town and promontory

of Troas, not far from the ruins of Troy.

Sigëus, a, um, adj., belonging to Sigeum. Silēnus, i, m., the nurse and general attendant of Bacchus. The Fauns and Satyrs were often called Sileni. Sĭmõis, entos, m., a river flowing from Mount Ida by Troy, and falling into the Scamander.

Sinon, ōnis, m., a crafty perjured
Greek, who prevailed upon the Tro-
jans to take into their city the wooden
horse full of armed men.
Sīrēnes, um, f., the Sirens, generally
supposed to have been three in num-
ber, who had the form of a virgin
above the waist, and the rest of the
body like that of a bird. With their
sweet voices they enchanted sailors
and detained them on their voyage.
Ulysses having by an artifice sug-
gested by Circe, escaped their fasci-
nation, the disappointed Sirens upon
this precipitated themselves into the
sea, and perished.

Somnus, i, m., the god of sleep.
Sparta, æ, f., the same as Lacedemon,

an ancient city of Peloponnesus in Greece, founded by Lacedemon, and afterwards called Sparta, from Queen Sparta, daughter of Europa. Spartanus, a, um, adj., belonging to Sparta.

Sthěnělus, i, m., a Grecian who fought

at Troy, and was concealed in the wooden horse; also a Trojan who was slain by Turnus. Strophǎdes, um, f. plu., two small

islands in the Ionian sea which were frequented by the Harpies, and

Lavinia, born after his father's death, and was so called because he was born in a wood. After him Sylvius was the common name of the Alban kings.

Syrtis, is, f., plu. Syrtes, ium, two quick-sands, on the African coast, full of rocks, shoals, and sands, dangerous to mariners.

T.

Tapsus or Thapsus, i, m., a peninsula and town in Sicily which lies so low that it seems buried in the sea. Tărentum, i, n., a town of Lower Italy, now Taranto, celebrated for its sheep, its purple, its wine, and its luxurious living.

Tarquinius, ii, m., the name of two Roman kings, viz., Tarquinius Priscus and Tarquinius Superbus, so called from his arrogant conduct. Superbus and his family were banished from Rome, and with this family ended the regal government of Rome.

Tartărus, i, m., plu. n., Tartara, orum, the infernal regions, where the wicked are punished.

Tartareus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Tartarus.

Těnědos or Těnědus, i, f., an island of the Ægean sea, near Troy, called after King Tenes, who was worshipped there. Hither the Greeks retired in order to make the Trojans believe they had raised the siege. Teucer and Teucrus, i, m., a king of Phrygia, son of Scamander by Ida. From him Troy was called Teucria, and the Trojans Teucri. Also the son of Telamon, King of the island

On

of Salamis, who greatly distinguished
himself at the Trojan war.
his return home, his father denied
him admission into his dominions
for not having revenged the injuries
of his brother Ajax. He there-
upon set out in pursuit of fresh
fortunes, and landing on the island of
Cyprus, he there built a city, which
he called Salamis, from the kingdom
of his father.

Teucri, ōrum, m. plu., the Trojans.
Teucria, æ, f., Troy.

Thersilochus, i, m., son of Antenor,
and leader of the Pæonians, slain by
Achilles; also the name of a person
slain by Turnus.
Theseus, ei and eos, m., the son of
Ægeus, King of Athens, was, next to
Hercules, the most renowned of all
the heroes of antiquity.

Thoas, antis, m., one of the Grecian chiefs shut up in the Trojan horse; also an Arcadian slain by Halesus. Thracia, æ, f., a country to the east of Macedonia, abounding in horses. The country of Orpheus.

Thrax, ācis, adj., Thracian, in or from Thrace.

Threïcius, a, um, adj., Thracian. Thymbræus, i, m., a name of Apollo, from Thymbre, a town in Troas, where he had a temple.

Thymates, is, m., a Trojan prince, whose wife and son were put to death by Priam. In revenge, he persuaded his countrymen to admit the wooden horse.

Tiberīnus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Tiber.

Tiberis, is, m., and by contraction Tibris; also Tybris or Thybris, īdis, m., the Tiber, which flows past Rome, which is about fifteen miles from its mouth. It rises in the Apennines and falls into the Tuscan sea, dividing Latium from Etruria. It was originally called Albula, from the whiteness of its waters; Tyrrhenus, because it watered Etruria; Lydius, because the people in its neighbourhood were supposed to be of Lydian origin; and Tiberis, from Tiberinus, a king of Alba, who had been drowned

there, and became the god of the river. Timāvus, i, m., a broad but short river of Italy, falling into the gulf of Trieste. It arises out of nine springs on the neighbouring mountain. Tisandrus, i, m., one of the Grecian chiefs shut up in the wooden horse. Tisiphonē, es, f., one of the Furies, the avenger of murder.

Titānius, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Titan, the father of the giants. Tityus, or os, i, m., a celebrated giant, the son of Jupiter and Elara, who grew to such a size that his body covered nine acres. He was slain by the arrows of Apollo.

Torquatus, i, m., a surname of Titus

Manlius, because he slew a Gaul in single combat, and took his golden chain from him.

Trinacria, æ, f., the most ancient name of Sicily, so called from its three promontories and triangular figure. Trīnācrius, a, um, adj., Sicilian, having three points or promontories. Triton, ōnis, m, one of the gods of the sea, son of Neptune and Amphitrite, whom the poets represented as Neptune's trumpeter, blowing through a shell instead of a trumpet. Trītōnia, æ, f., and Trītōnis, ĭdis, and ĭdos, f., a name of Minerva, so given to her because she was born on the banks of the lake Triton in Africa. Trītōnius, a, um, adj., Tritonian, belonging to Minerva.

Trivia, æ, f., a name given to Diana,

from her presiding over all places where three roads met.

Triviæ lacus, the lake of Diana; a lake in Latium, near Aricia, now called Lago di Nemi.

Trões, um, m. plu., the Trojans. Trōja, æ, f., the capital of Troas in Phrygia, built on a small eminence near Mount Ida and the promontory of Sigeum, at the distance of about four miles from the seashore, near the mouth of the river Scamander, or Xanthus, and below its junction with the Simois. It was besieged ten years, and at last taken and destroyed by the Greeks.

Trōjānus, a, um, adj., belonging to Troy. Subs., a Trojan.

Trōllus, i, m., a son of Priam, slain by Achilles.

Trōs, is, m., a son of Erichthonius,

King of Troy, grandson of Dardanus' father of Assaracus and Ganymedes, from him Troy derived its name. Tullus, i, m. (Hostilius), the third king of Rome, and of a warlike spirit. Tybris, is, m., a king of the Tuscans, who was slain on the banks of the Albula, which from him was called Tybris.

Tydeus, i, m., the son of Eneus, King

of Calydon, and father of Diome-des. Tydides, æ, m., the son of Tydeus. Tyndăris, Idis and idos, f., a name of Helen, from Tyndarus, her father, King of Sparta. Typhoeus, či and čos, m., a mighty giant, son of Titan and Terra, who having attempted to expel Jupiter from heaven, was hurled down by lightning, and placed under Mount Etna, where he was said to be vomiting forth fire.

Tyril, ōrum, m. plu., Tyrians. Tyrius, a, um, adj., Tyrian, belonging to Tyre.

Tyrrhēni, ōrum, m. plu., the inhabitants of Etruria, who took their name from Tyrrhenus, son of Atys, who brought a colony from Lydia in Asia Minor into Italy.

Tyrrhēnus, a, um, adj., from or near Etruria, Tuscan. Subs., a friend of Æneas, slain by Camilla.

Tyrus and Tyros, i, f., a famous maritime and mercantile city of Phoenicia, celebrated for its purple.

U.

Ucalegon, ontis, m., a noble and prudent chief, one of Priam's privy council. His house adjoined that of Deiphobus.

Ulysses, is and ĕi, and i, m., an eloquent and crafty king of Ithaca and Dulichium, the son of Laertes, the husband of Penelope,and father of Telemachus

and Telegonus. He, with Diomede, entered Troy in disguise by night and stole the Palladium. After the destruction of Troy, he set sail for his native country, and was exposed to incredible dangers and reverses. He at last reached home without a single companion, after an absence of twenty years.

V.

Vělīnus, a, um, adj., in or of Velinus, a river or lake on the confines of the Sabines; or of Velia, a maritime town in Lucania, near Cape Palinurus. Věnus, ĕris, f., the goddess of love and beauty, charms and pleasures. She was the wife of Vulcan, and mother of Cupid. She passionately loved Adonis and Anchises, by whom she had Æneas.

Vesta, æ, f., daughter of Saturn and Rhea, and sister to Ceres and Juno, was the goddess of fire, and had a temple at Rome, near the Palatine hill.

Vulcanus, i, m., the lame son of Jupiter and Juno, husband of Venus; he was the god of fire, smith or artificer of the gods, for whom, aided by the Cyclopes, he made thunderbolts, arms, chariots, &c. He is said to have been thrown down from heaven, and by his fall in the island of Lemnos to have broken his leg, and ever after remained lame of one foot.