Great whirlpooles, which all fishes make to flee;

Bright fcolopendraes arm'd with filver fcales; Mighty monoceros with immeasured tayles;

XXIV.

The dreadful fish, that hath deferv'd the name Of Death, and like him lookes in dreadfull

hew;

heads fpringing or budding forth from their bodies. See Gefner, p. 459.

XXIII. 6.

UPTON.

· Sea-fhouldring whales ;] Whales

that shouldered on the feas before them. UPTON.

XXIII. 7. Great whirlpooles,] The whirlpoole is a large fish of the whale kind, that spouts out water at the top of his head. Lat. phyfeter. CHURCH.

See Skinner: “ Whirlpoole ab Anglis dictus cetus balæna eft-Videtur a vorticibus, quos turbinis inftar in aqua excitare, nomen habere-Nec alius puto pifcis eft ille quem horlopole vocitant Angli, &c." In Job xli. 1. leviathan is rendered, in the margin, a whale or a whirlpool. UPTON.

XXIII. 8. Bright Scolopendraes arm'd with filver Scales ;] The fcolopendra, a fifh unknown to our feas, takes its name from a land-infect or worm called the centipes, which has two rows of legs reaching from the head to the tail. The fcolopendra is mentioned by Ælian in his History of Animals, and by most naturalifts placed among the cetaceous fishes. See the Catalogue of Oppian's Fifhes, at the end of Jones's poetical tranflation of the Halieuticks, 8vo. Oxford, 1722. TODD. XXIII. 9. Mighty monoceros with immeasured tayles ;] I would read,

66

Mighty monocerofes with immeafur'd tayles:" So, in F. Q. ii. x. 8. "As far exceeded men in their immeafur'd mights." JORTIN.

The verfe is immeafured. 'Tis not agreeable to Spenfer's manner, to fay monocerofes.-This fea-fith the Greeks called povonipws, the fea-unicorn. But, to know what fish Spenfer meant, you must turn to Gefner, p. 208. UPTON.

XXIV, 1. The dreadful fish, &c.] The Mors, or Morfz,

game

The griefly wafferman, that makes his
The flying fhips with swiftnes to pursew ;
The horrible fea-fatyre, that doth fhew
His fearefull face in time of greatest storme';
Huge ziffius, whom mariners efchew

No leffe then rockes, as travellers informe; And greedy rofmarines with visages deforme:

XXV..

All these, and thoufand thoufands many more, And more deformed monfters thoufand fold,

XXIV. 3. The griefly wafferman, &c.] Waffernix, dæmon aquaticus. Wacht. See Gefner, p. 439, &c. "Eft inter beluas marinas homo marinus, eft et Triton, &c." and p. 1000. " Tritonem Germani vocare poterant ein wasserman, ein sceman, i. e. aquatilem vel marinum hominem." UPTON.

XXIV. 5. The horrible fea-fatyre,] See Gefner, p. 1001. "Pan, vel Satyrus marinus." UPTON.

XXIV. 7. Huge ziffius.] Dr. Jortin fancies that the poet meant Xiphias, which, Mr. Church adds, is the fword-fish. But the huge Xiphias, fuppofing Spenfer to have intended this fpelling, is a very different fish from the common Sword-fish, which is fo named from a long blade of an horned substance proceeding from his upper jaw, with which he kills his prey. See the Catalogue of Oppian's Fishes, already cited. The huge Ziffius is thus defcribed, Olai Magni Epit. L. xxi. C. x. “ Eft enim Xiphias animal nulli alteri fimile, nifi in aliqua proportione ceti. Caput habet horridum, ut bubo: os profundum valde, veluti barathrum immenfum, quo terret et fugat infpicientes oculos horribiles, dorfum cuneatum, vel ad gladii formam elevatum, roftrum mucronatum. TODD.

XXIV. 9. And greedy rofmarines] The rofmarine is denominated alfo by Olaus Magnus the Norwegian mors. See Olai Magni Epit. L. xxi. C. xix. " Rofmari itaque hi pifces, five morf dicuntur, caput habentes bovinæ figuræ, hirfutam pellem, pilofque fpiffitudine veluti culmos vel calamos frumenti, late diffluentes. Dentibus fefe ad rupium cacumina ufque tanquam per scalas elevant, ut rorulento dulcis aquæ gramine vescantur, &c." TODD.

With dreadfull noife and hollow rombling

rore

Came rushing, in the fomy waves enrold, Which feem'd to fly for feare them to behold:

Ne wonder, if these did the Knight appall; For all that here on earth we dreadfull hold, Be but as bugs to fearen babes withall, Compared to the creatures in the feas entráll.

XXVI.

"Feare nought," then faide the Palmer well aviz'd,

"For thefe fame monfters are not thefe in deed,

But are into these feare full fhapes difguiz'd By that fame wicked Witch, to worke us dreed,

And draw from on this iourney to proceed."
Tho, lifting up his vertuous staffe on hye,
He fmote the fea, which calmed was with
fpeed,

And all that dreadfull armie faft gan flye Into great Tethys bofome, where they hidden lye.

XXV. 8. Be but as bugs to fearen babes] The like expreffion occurs in F. Q. iii. iv. 15. And in F. Q. ii. iii. 20, where fee the note. TODD.

XXVI. 4. By that fame wicked Witch,] Acrafia. CHURCH. XXVI. 5. And draw from on this iourney to proceed.] And to draw us from proceeding on this journey; a Grecifm, from to proceed, and τ goßña. See alfo ft. 64. UPTON,

XXVII.

Quit from that danger forth their course they kept;

And as they went they heard a ruefull cry
Of one that wayld and pittifully wept,'
That through the fea th' refounding plaints
did fly:

At last they in an Island did espy

A feemely Maiden, fitting by the shore, That with great forrow and fad agony Seemed fome great misfortune to deplore, And lowd to them for fuccour called evermore.

XXVIII.

Which Guyon hearing, ftreight his Palmer bad
To ftere the bote towards that dolefull Mayd,
That he might know and ease her forrow fad:
Who, him avizing better, to him fayd;
"Faire Sir, be not difpleafd if disobayd:
For ill it were to hearken to her

For the is inly nothing ill apayd;
But onely womanish fine forgery,

cry;

XXVII. 4. That through the fea th' refounding &c.] Every edition, except both the poet's own, read "That through the fea refounding &c." Speufer's two editions read "the refounding &c." Mr. Upton therefore, in his note, agrees to the elifion which I have admitted; and adds that, though he had followed the first folio in rejecting the, he questioned its authority in this place, and wished that he had printed it other wife. TODD.

XXVIII. 7. For fhe is inly nothing ill apayd;] So Chaucer, in the Merchants Tale:

"I pray you that you be not illapaid :”

That is, diffatisfied. UPTON..

Your ftubborne hart t'affect with fraile infir

mity:

XXIX.

"To which when fhe your courage hath inclind Through foolish pitty, then her guilefull bayt She will embofome deeper in your mind, And for your ruine at the last awayt." The Knight was ruled, and the Boteman ftrayt

Held on his course with stayed fted faftneffe, Ne ever shroncke, ne ever fought to bayt His tyred armes for toylesome wearineffe ; But with his oares did fweepe the watry wilderneffe.

XXX.

And now they nigh approched to the sted Whereas thofe Mermayds dwelt: It was a

ftill

And calmy bay, on th' one fide sheltered With the brode fhadow of an hoarie hill; On th' other fide an high rocke toured still, That twixt them both a pleasaunt port they made,

And did like an halfe theatre fulfill:

XXIX. 7.

ne ever fought to bayt

His tyred armes] To bayt here fignifies to ref So Milton ufes the word, Par. L. B. xii. 1. And Mr. Richardfon obferves, in a note on that paffage, that a hawk is said to bate when he ftoops in the midft of his flight. Bate, Fr. batre, s'abatre, to stoop. CHURCH.

XXX. 7. And did like an halfe theatre fulfill:] That is,