so far as to suppose that the "conclamatio" actually takes place in thi instance.

220-222. Orontes, Amycus, Lycus, Gyas, and Cloanthus, were all companions of Aeneas.

221 Secum is connected with gemit.

223. Finis, an end of their lamentation.

224. Despiciens — velivolum, looking down on the sail-winged sea. 228. Tristior, quam solita. H. 444, I. ; A. & S. 256, Rem. 9. (a); B. 902; A. 17, V. 1.-Oculos. H. 380, and 1; A. & S. 234, II.; B. 728; A. 52, IV. n. 229. O qui regis, O thou who rulest, etc.

232. Aeneas, sc. potuit, (can.... have committed). — In, against. 233. Ob Italiam, i. e. to prevent their reaching Italy. - Clauditur. In prose we should have had the subjunctive, inasmuch as quibus after quid tantum potuere committere, is equivalent to ut iis. The indicative states a thing as an actual fact, and is often preferred by the poets on account of its greater vivacity.

234. Hinc, i. e. ab his Trojanis. - Romanos fore. Accus. with inf. depending upon pollicitu's (line 237).-Volventibus, revolving. Transitive verbs, principally those denoting change, are often used intransitively, or with the force of the Greek middle voice. S.

235. Revocato, i. e. revived, restored; i. e. after the national extinction of Troy. Teucer, the most ancient king of Troy.

236. Omni dicione, with full sovereignty; lit. with every kind of sovereignty, -as Serv. says, " pace, legibus, bello."- Qui - tenerent. H. 501, and I; A. & S. 264, 1, (a) and (b). Tr. who should hold; this English form, like the Latin, implying the destiny of the subject of the verb.

237. Pollicitu's, for pollicitus es, by elision and aphaeresis. H. 669, I, 4, and 703, 1; A. & S. 305, 2, (2), and 322, 2. Many editors read pollicitus, which they translate as a participle, and look upon the clause as an anacoluthon (for a definition of which word consult a grammar by the aid of the index.)

238. Hoc, sc. promisso.—Occasum solabar, etc., I was wont to console myself for the fall, etc.

242. Antenor, a nephew of Priam, led a colony of Trojans and of Heneti after the fall of Troy to Venetia, at the head of the Adriatic. (Liv. I. i.)

243. Penetrare, to make his way through or past. — Intima, i. e. lying far inward.

245. Between the source (fontem) of the Timavus and the sea (a distance of about a mile) there are subterranean communications, through:

which the salt-water forces its way, breaking out at the fountain through seven mouths or holes (Virgil says nine) in the limestone rock, and overflowing the channel of the river. (C. following Henry.)

246. Proruptum, bursting up.

247. Hic tamen, here for all that, in spite of all these dangers. Patavi, of Patavium, the modern Padua. H. 45, 5, 1,) and 396, V; A. & S. 52, and 204, Rem. 6; B. 64, 631; A. 10, 4; 50, I. 3.

248. Arma fixit, i. e. hung up his arms and those of his comrades, (and consecrated them to some god,) in token that their sufferings by flood and field were over.

249. Compostus, contracted from compositus. H. 703, 2; A. & S. 322, 4. Commentators generally translate it buried. C. takes "compostus pace as used of the repose of a peaceful life.

251. Infandum. In apposition with the clause navibus amissis.— Unius, i. e. Junonis.

254. Olli, an old form of illi, to her. The occasional introduction of archaic forms, both in ancient and modern poets, gives a certain dignity to their style.

256. Libavit leviter tetigit. — Natae, dat. See notes on Aeneae (line 92), and Jactanti (line 102).-Dehinc. Pronounced as one syllable, deinc, by synaerĕsis.

257. Metu, dat. H. 116, 4, 3; A. & S. 89, 3.-Syntax, H. 385; A. & ́ S. 223, Rem. 2.-Cytherea, goddess or queen of Cythera; an epithet of Venus from the island in the Aegean sea, where her worship was first introduced from Asia, or where, in the figurative language of mythology, she sprang from the foam of the sea.

258. Tibi. Ethical dat. connected with the whole sentence: "To thy comfort." H. 389; A. & S. 228, Note, (a.)-Lavini. H. 45, 5, 1); A. & S. 52; B. 64; A. 10, 4.

261. Hic, i. e. Aeneas. — Tibi, ethical dat. of the person who will be pleased by the action described. Thou shalt see him victorious in Italy. 262. Longius volvens, unrolling farther. "Volvens" is a metaphor from a book unrolled. Jupiter says he will open yet further the secrets that lie in the book of fate. -Movebo, i. e. I will bring (them) forth, utter them. Cf. Ovid. Met. 14, 20.

263. Italia, for in Italia. See note on terris et alto, line 3.

264. Mores, institutions.

265. Aeneas is to reign for three years, Ascanius for thirty, the Alban kings for three hundred, but to the empire of Rome no limit is fixed.Dum, until. Latio in Latio. Viderit, fut. perf. berna- hibernorum tempora, winters.

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H. 522, I. Hi.

266. Rutulis.

Dat. of reference, after transierint. Lit. for, as regards. But the general idea is, "after the conquest of the Rutulians.' W. quotes a similar use of the Greek dat. from Demosth. in Mid. c. 24.

267. Iulo. Dat. by attraction in apposition with cui. In what two other cases might it have been put? H. 387, and 1 and 2; A. & S. 204, Rem 8, (a), and (b); B. 632, 622, 631; A. 51, VI.; 50, I. 4; 46.

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268. Res Ilia, the Ilian state. Res respublica, Regno, in its power. Abl. showing in what respect the signification of stetit is taken. 269. Magnos orbes: =annos. -Volvendis. A. & S. 274, Rem. 9. Volv. mensibus. H. 428; A. & S. 211, Rem. 6; B. 888; A. 54, II. 271. Alba, or Alba Longa, was built on the Alban mount, on the north-eastern shore of the lake Albanus, and called, according to Sir William Gell, the "long white" town, from its being built chiefly in one long street, and from its white houses, or the white (or gray) rocks on which it stood. But Alba is probably from Alp, a mountain height. 273-4. Sacerdos, regina, Ilia. Fr. translates these words as fol-. lows: A priestess, daughter of a king, of Trojan descent. Rhea Sylvia, or Ilia, a Vestal virgin, by Mars the mother of Romulus and Remus (geminam prolem), was the daughter of the Alban king Numitor.

275. Lupae nutricis. The infants Romulus and Remus were said to have been nourished by a she-wolf.

279. Quin, nay, even.

281. Consilia-referet, shall change her plans for the better. 282. Togatam. The toga was the characteristic dress of the Ro

mans.

283. Placitum, sc. est mihi.

284-5. Aeneas was the great-grandson of Assaracus, the son of Tros. Phthia (a city of Phthia or Phthiōtis, in the S.E. of Thessaly) was the home of Achilles, Mycenae (in Argolis) of Agamemnon, Argos of Diomede.

286. Caesar, i. e. Augustus.

287. Qui terminet. This pres. subj., in a relative clause depending upon a verb in the future tense, and denoting destiny, is translated by the auxiliary shall. See note on qui — tenerent, line 236.

288-90. Augustus, having been adopted by C. Julius Caesar, received the nomen (Julius) of the Julian gens. The Caesars traced their origin to Ascanius, for whom the name Iulus (as the original of Julius) was devised.-Caelo, poet. abl. of place.-Vocabitur, etc. Augustus was deified by the Romans.-Hic quoque, he also, i.e. as well as Aeneas (259 sq). 292. Cana. white-haired, - with her hoary locks. Fides was older

than Jupiter.-Vesta was brought by Aeneas into Italy, with the Penates of Troy. — Quirinus, the name of Romulus as deified.

293. Ferro et compagibus, construed with dirae as abl. of cause. — Artis. Sometimes written arctis. See Andrews's Lex. arceo in fin. 297. Maia gen., Mercury. H. 425, 3, (1) ; A. & S. 246; B. 918; A. p. 72. 298. Novae. Virgil applies this epithet to Carthage as explanatory of its etymology,—the name meaning, in the Punic language, new town. -Ut pateant, ne arcerent. The historical present (demittit) is here followed both by the pres. and by the imperf. subj.; the former denoting Jupiter's "immediate object" in sending Mercury down, the latter his "inner purpose."- 299. Hospitio Teucris. H. 390; A. & S. 227; B. 848; A. 51, VII. — Dido, queen and reputed founder of Carthage,— daughter of Belus, king of Tyre.

302. The name Poeni indicates the Phoenician origin of the Carthaginians. Poenus is Poīvi adapted to the analogy of the Latin

tongue.

306. Ut primum, as soon as.

308. Inculta. H. 441, and 2; A. & S. 205, Rem. 7, (2). So C.

312. Comitatus. H. 221, 2; A. & S. 162, 17, (a). — Achate. Although Achates is a "voluntary agent," the abl. is used without ab, as denoting simply that with which the action of the verb (comitatus) is completed.

313. Bina, duo.

314. Cui, dat. of approach, nearness, after obvia. H. 391; A. & S. 222, Rem. 1, (b); B. 814 (first two lines).

315. Virginis arma, i. e. light weapons, such as a virgin would carry, -a habilis arcus.

i. e. vel talis qualis est Vel gives a choice.

316. Spartanae, sc. virginis. — Vel qualis, Threïssa Harpalyce, quae fatigat equos, etc. 317. Harpalyce, daughter of Harpalycus, a Thracian king, was a famous huntress, so swift in the chase that no horse could keep up with her, and she outran the rivers of her country. The present is used (fatigat, praevertitur,) because the action is represented in poems familiar to the Romans, or in paintings or sculptures which they could easily recall to mind. Hebrum, a river of Thrace flowing into the Aegean. H. and R. read "Eurum" e conj.

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318. Humeris. H. 386; A. & S. 224; B. 826, 827; A. 51, V. 319. Venatrix, as a huntress. Diffundere, a Greek construction diffundendam. H. 553, V.; A. & S. 274, R. 7, (b); B. 1160; A. 58, IV. n. 320. Genu, at the knee; acc. of limitation, or synecdochical acc.—

Nodoque fuentes, and with her flowing folds (i. e. the folds of her robe) gathered up in a knot; lit. gathered up as to her flowing folds, etc.-Genu and sinus. H. 380, and 1; A. & S. 234, II. and Rem. 2. 321. Juvenes. A term applied to men up to forty-five or fifty years of age. Monstrate sororum. The order is, Si forte vidistis quam (any one) mearum sororum errantem hic, (et seq., lines 323, 324), monstrate (point out to me where she is).

325. Orsus, sc. est, from ordior.

326. Audita, sc. est. — Mihi, by me; dat. of the agent after audita est. H. 388, 4; A. & S. 225, II.; B. 844, 845; A. 51, VIII. n.

327. Quam te memorem, whom shall I call thee? The force of the pres. subj. is well given by the English auxiliary "shall"; the subj. denoting propriety. Sometimes, in similar cases, it denotes possibility, and may be translated by "can." H. 485; A. & S. 260, R. 5; B. 1180; A. 60, 3. 328. Hominem. H. 371, 3; A. & S. 232, (2) ; B. 716; A. 52, I, Note. 330. Felix, propitious. — Sis, leves, and doceas (332), subj. in a request. H. 488, I.; A. & S. 260, Rem. 6. Quaecumque, sc. es. 334. Multa, many a.—. - Honore, i. e. being addressed as a goddess. 337. Cothurno. The buskin or hunting-boot, worn to protect the feet from brambles, rose more than half-way to the knee (alte).

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338. Dido was descended from Agēnor, twin-brother of Belus, and founder of Sidon.

339. Fines Libyci, sc. sunt; the country around is Libyan.-Genus, grammatically in apposition with fines, in sense relates to the noun "Libyans" implied in the adj.

343. Agri. H. 399, and 2, 2); A. & S. 213, and Rem. 1, (3).

344. Phoenicum. H. 396, III.; A. & S. 212, Rem. 2. - Miserae, se. ei, for ab ea misera. H. 388, 4; A. & S. 225, II. Cf. mihi, 326. 345. Pater, Belus.

347. Scelere. H. 429; A. & S. 250, 1; B. 889; A. 54, I. — Ante alios immanior. A pleonastic expression, for the simple abl. after the comparative, aliis immanior. A. & S. 256, Rem. 13, (b).

348. Order: inter quos furor venit medius.

349. Aras, the altar of the Penates.

350. Securus - germanae, regardless of his sister's love for Sychaeus. The etymology of securus is se (=sine) and cura.

352. Spe, i. e. that her husband was alive and would return.

353. Inhumati.

increases the horror.

tance to burial?

The fact that the murdered man was unburied

Why did the ancients attach so sacred an imporSee note on II. 646.

358. Auxilium viae, as an aid in her journey. Viae. H. 396, II.;