420 425 cia 430 Fovit eâ vulnus lymphâ longævus Iapis, Hæc ubi dicta dedit, portis sese extulit ingens, 435 424. In pristina offi 425. O viri citi 427. Addit prætereà, hæc non proveniunt 436. Sed disce fortu nam 437. Ducet te 438. Tu facito ut sis memor meæ virtutis, cùm 440 mox 445 tes 446. Trojanos venien 450 450. Ille Æneas volat faciet. Inter in the sense of ad. Heyne takes præmia in the sense of victorias. 438. Adoleverit: shall have become-shall have ripened. 439. Repetentem: calling to your mind. Ruæus says, revolventem animo. The folowing line is repeated from Æn. iii. 343. 440. Hector. He was the uncle of Asca nius, his mother, Creüsa, being the daughter 430. Incluserat suras: had incased his of Priam. It is the wish of Æneas that his legs on each side in gold. 432. Habilis: in the sense of aptus. 433. Complectitur: he embraces Ascanius, with his arms spread around him. The ci cùm and fusis are to be united into one word. 434. Delibans: gently touching his lips through his helmet. We have here a most interesting instance of paternal affection, and of tender solicitude for the future welfare of his son. 435. Laborem: fortitude-patience under difficulties. 437. Dabit in the sense of reddet vel own example, and the example of his uncle, may excite him to piety and virtue, and to the performance of deeds of valor. 444. Turba: the troops-all that were in the camp. Fluit: in the sense of rumpunt vel ruunt. Caco darkening, or obscuring the air. 445. Excita: in the sense of commota. 446. Aggere: in the sense of tumulo vel colle. 450. Rapit: in the sense of ducit vel trahit. Atrum: Ruæus says, densum. 451. Sidere abrupto. Davidson observes, that sidere here may be taken for a storm. 452. Ille nimbus dabit It mare per medium: miseris, heu, præscia longe 453. Heu, corda mi- Horrescunt corda agricolis! dabit ille ruinas seris agricolis præscia : 455 Arboribus, stragemque satis, ruet omnia latè. 460 468. Concussa quoad mentem hộc 464. Eos aversos morti Ipse neque aversos dignatur sternere morti; 465 470 471. Ipsa subit in ejus Ipsa subit, manibusque undantes flectit habenas, locum Cuncta gerens, vocemque, et corpus, et arma Metisci. Pervolat, et pennis alta atria lustrat hirundo, Pabula parva legens, nidisque loquacibus escas; 475 which was thought to be the effect of some furious constellation. In this sense, abrupto sidere will mean the same with abrupta tempestate, vel abruptis procellis: bursting storms, as in the third Georgic. Or, if sidere be taken in its proper sense, then abrupto must be taken in the sense of cadente, setting; the constellations being thought more furious toward the time of their setting. Nimbus: a black cloud, fraught with thunder and rain. This is its proper meaning. Heyne takes sidere abrupto in the sense of nube abrupta: the cloud bursting, or being burst. 452. Præscia longè presaging disaster, while the storm is yet at a distance-foreseeing the danger at a distance. 453. Agricolis miseris: the dat. in the sense of the gen. The hearts of the, &c. 454. Ruet: in the sense of evertet. 456. Rhœteïus: in the sense of Trojanus, so called from Rhæteum, a promontory on the coast of Troas. 457. Cuneis coactis: the ranks being closed: "in thick array," says Davidson. Agglomerant se: they crowd themselves together. 458. Gravem: in the sense of fortem. 462. Versi: in the sense of fugati. The Rutuli had been victorious, while Eneas was disabled by his wound. Now he is on the field, the scale of victory is turned, and they, in turn, are put to flight. 464. Aversos morti. Pierius found aversos in the Roman manuscript. The poet is here telling us, that Eneas disdained to fight with any of the Rutulian army but Turnus. This he does by a circumlocution, dividing the Rutulians into three divisions: 1. The aversos morti: those that were on the flight. 2. The congressos æquo pede: those who were engaged in close fight, on equal terms. 3. The ferentes tela: those who fought with missive weapons, at a distance. Heyne reads aversos. 465. Ferentes: in the sense of inferentes. 466. Caligine in the sense of pulvere, vel nube pulveris. 468. Virago the heroine Juturna. 470. Excutit: in the sense of dejicit vel præcipitat. 472. Gerens cuncta: assuming-taking all things, both the voice, &c. 473. Velut cùm nigra hirundo. The epithet nigra, Scaliger observes, is added to distinguish this kind of swallow from those that haunt the banks of rivers, and are of a sandy color. Petronius calls it urbana Progne, because it loves to frequent towers, and such stately buildings as are in cities. Edes: palace. Ruæus says, domum. 475. Nidis: the nests are here put for the young in the nests, by meton. Escas: put in apposition with parva pabula. Stagna sonat: similis medios Juturna per hostes Fertur equis, rapidoque volans obit omnia curru : Jamque hic germanum, jamque hìc, ostendit ovantem: Nec conferre manum patitur: volat avia longè. Haud minùs Æneas tortos legit obvius orbes, Vestigatque virum, et disjecta per agmina magnâ Voce vocat. Quoties oculos conjecit in hostem, Alipedumque fugam cursu tentavit equorum ; Aversos toties currus Juturna retorsit. Heu! quid agat? vario nequicquam fluctuat æstu : 477. Similis huic avi Juturna 480 480. Nec patitur eum 483. Vocat Turnum magnâ voce 485 Diversæque vocant animum in contraria curæ. Lenta, levis cursu, præfixa hastilia ferro, Horum unum certo contorquens dirigit ictu. NOTES. 477. Sonat: chirps, or chatters. 478. Obit goes over, or around. Ruæus says, percurrit. 480. Longè avia: far out of the way, so as not to meet Eneas. Avia: an adj. from avius, agreeing with Juturna. Conferre manum: to engage in close combat, or fight with Æneas. 481. Legit tortos orbes obvius: traces the mazy circles and windings of Turnus, not for the purpose of overtaking him, but for the purpose of meeting him. This is the sense of obvius. 482. Disjecta: scattered-flying before him. 484. Fugam: the speed--swiftness. Ruæus says, celeritatem. Alipedum: in the sense of celerum: the swift, or winged horses of Turnus. 485. Retorsit currus. The meaning is: whenever Æneas was about to intercept her course, coming up in front, Juturna wheeled about the chariot, and drove back ward, so as to prevent the meeting of the two champions. Currus: the chariot, by meton. the horses. 486. Heu quid agat. Dr. Trapp explains this of Juturna; but it is evident we are to understand it of Eneas. It is he who is disappointed, and crossed in his design of meeting Turnus. Estu: with a tide of passions. Irarum is understood. 487. In contraria: in opposite directions in different ways. Taken in the sense of in contrarias partes. 491. Collegit se in arma: he contracted, or collected himself into his armor. Though the word arma is here mentioned in general, it must be restricted to the shield, behind which he hid himself, bending upon his knee, and contracting his body. Virgil uses the word in the same sense in other places. 492. Subsidens: in the sense of cadens. Ruæus says, incurvans se. Incita: in the sense of immissa vel celer. 493. Concita hasta tulit: the meaning is: the rapid spear just grazed the top of his head, and carried with it the tuft, or plume of his helmet. Vertice in the sense of capite. 494. Subactus insidiis: baffled by the stratagems of Juturna. Rumus says, coactus. 496. Testatur. This is the reading of ferable to testatus, which is the reading of most of the ancient manuscripts. It is preRuæus. Heyne reads testatur. Multa: in the sense of multùm. Ruæus says, sæpe. 499. Suscitat: in the sense of facit. Effundit habenas: he gives full reins to his anger. This is a metaphor taken from the chariot race. Effundere habenas: to give full rein to your horses-to set them at full speed. Dare-laxare-mittere-immittere, &c.-habenas vel fræna, are phrases deno ting the same thing. 500. Nunc quis, quis Deus expediat mihi carmine tot acerba funera 503. Placuit-ne te, O Jupiter rem venientem 501 Quis mihi nunc tot acerba Deus, quis carmine cædes Eneas Rutulum Sucronem, (ea prima ruentes Turnus equo dejectum Amycum, fratremque Diorem, 505 510. Ferit hunc Dio- Congressus pedes; hunc venientem cuspide longâ, 510 Hunc mucrone ferit; curruque abscissa duorum Suspendit capita, et rorantia sanguine portat. 513. Ille Æneas mittit Ille Talon, Tanaïmque ncci, fortemque Cethegum, Talon Tres uno congressu, et mæstum mittit Onyten, 516. Hic Turnus in- Hic fratres Lyciâ missos, et Apollinis agris, terficit fratres 521. Duo ignes immissi è diversis 522. In sonantia vir gulta è lauro Et juvenem exosum nequicquam bella Menoten NOTES. 501. Obitum: in the sense of mortem. 502. Inque vicem: for invicemque, by tmesis. Agit: causes, or effects. 503. Motu rage-violence. Tanton': for tanto-ne, by apocope. 505. Pugna: attack-assault. Statuit: stopped. The meaning of this passage may be that the opposition made by Sucro checked the Trojans, who were before rushing on the enemy, and raging without control. Or, this assault of Æneas upon Sucro caused him, and the Trojans, to stop their career and pursuit of Turnus, and remain in the same place. This is the sense given to it by Heyne. Ruæus proposes a third meaning to the words, to wit: that the assault of Æneas upon Sucro first caused the Trojans to rally and stand their ground, who before were fleeing, and unable to resist so great a hero. 506. Multa: in the sense of multùm. This is in imitation of the Greeks, who used adjectives of the neu. gen. as adverbs. 507. Excipit: in the sense of ferit, vel vulnerat. Quà fata: where death is easiest to be effected. Fata: in the sense of mors. The verb sunt is understood. 508. Crates: acc. plu. Rumus says, septum. Crudum: naked-bloody. Costas Crates. These are governed in the acc. by the prep. trans, in comp., while the verb adigit governs crudum ensem. 510. Congressus pedes: Turnus on foot engaging Amycus, &c. Congredi: signifies to 515 520 engage in close combat-to fight hand to hand. 514. Congressu: onset-assault. Ruæus says, impetu. Genus: in the sense of prolem, vel filium. 515. Echionium: an adj. from Echion, the name of the Theban, who accompanied Cadmus at the building of Thebes in Beotia. Onytes was an Echionian, or Theban name. Ruæus says, Thebanum. 516. Lycia: a country of Asia Minor, celebrated for the oracles of Apollo. It is here put in apposition with agris. See En. iv. 143. 517. Exosum: a part. agreeing with juvenem, and governing bella. Menates was an Arcadian. 519. Ars: business, or employment. Cui: in the sense of cujus. Lerna: a lake near the city of Argos in the Peloponnesus, famous for its having been the abode of the Hydra, that was slain by Hercules. Flumina: in the sense of aquas. 520. Limina potentûm: the palaces of the great were not known to him. Ursinus assures us that limina is the reading of the most ancient manuscript, Liber Colitianus vetustissimus, and he makes no doubt of its being the true reading. Heyne and Davidson read limina. Ruæus and Valpy read munera. Of this it is difficult to make sense, whereas limina is easy. Conducta: in hired land. He had no farm of his own 522. Virgulta: in the sense of nemora. Aut ubi decursu rapido de montibus altis Murranum hic, atavos et avorum antiqua sonantem 523 Decursu: descent. NOTES. 524. Equora: in the sense of mare. 525. Populatus: laying waste. 527. Nescia vinci: knowing not to be conquered-invincible. Rumpunter: are burst -pant and heave as if they would burst with rage. 528. Itur: they go-march. 529. Sonantem: in the sense of jactantem vel gloriantem. Actum: in the sense of deductum. 531. Turbine: with the force. Heyne says, jactu. 532. Excutit: in the sense of dejicit vel sternit. 533. Supèr: in the sense of insuper vel prætereà. 534. Incita: quick-in rapid movement. 536. Aurata tempora: his temples decked with a gilded helmet. 537. Fixo: being pierced-the spear passed through his helmet. 539. Eripuit. Rumus says, servavit. 540. Sui in the sense of propitii vel faventes. Or, his own gods-those gods 525 524. Aut ubi amnes spumosi rapido decursu 525. Quisque amnis 529. Hic Eneas sco 530 pulo, atque turbine ingentis saxi, excutit Mur 533. Ungula equorum, 535 nec memorum 540 544. Tu occidis, quem 545 550 in se 552. Omnes viri, quisque pro se whose priest he was. Cupencus, in the Sabine language, signified a priest. 541. Erei. Pierius found æris in all the ancient manuscripts which he examined, instead of arei, as in the common editions. Heyne reads arei. Mora: resistance. 543. Oppetere. This word properly signifies to die, like a hero, on the field of battle quasi ore petere terram, to bite the ground, as we say in English. 544. Occidis: thou fallest. Ruæus says, moreris. 546. Metæ mortis: for meta vita, the limit or boundary of life. This is in imitation of Homer's τελος θανάτου. 547. Lyrnessi: Lyrnessus was a city of Phrygia, near the Sinus Adramyttenus. 548. Conversa: Ruæus says, permixta. The verb sunt is understood. 551. Ala: in the sense of equites, vel equitatus. 552. Nituntur: strive-struggle. Opum: this appears merely expletive. Ruæus says, virium. 553. Tendunt: in the sense of contendunt vel luctantur. |