Her. I give him curses, yet he gives me love, Hel. O, that my prayers could such affection move! Her. The more I hate, the more he follows me. Her. Take comfort; he no more shall see my Lys. Helen, to you our minds we will unfold: To-morrow night when Phœbe doth behold Her silver visage in the wat'ry glass, Decking with liquid pearl the bladed grass (A time that lovers' flights doth still conceal,) Through Athens' gates have we devis'd to steal. Her. And in the wood, where often you and I Upon faint primrose beds were wont to lie, Emptying our bosoms of their counsel sweet, There my Lysander and myself shall meet: And thence, from Athens, turn away our eyes, To seek new friends and stranger companies. Farewell, sweet playfellow; pray thou for us, And good luck grant thee thy Demetrius! Keep word, Lysander: we must starve our sight From lovers' food, till morrow deep midnight. [Exit HERM. Lys. I will, my Hermia.-Helena, adieu: As you on him, Demetrius dote on you! [Exit LYSANDER. Hel. How happy some, o'er other some can be ! Through Athens I am thought as fair as she. But what of that? Demetrius thinks not so; He will not know what all but he do know. And as he errs, doting on Hermia's eyes, So I, admiring of his qualities. 2 Things base and vile, holding no quantity, Quin. Is all our company here? Quin. Here is the scroll of every man's name, which is thought fit, through all Athens, to play in our interlude before the duke and duchess, on his wedding-day at night. Bot. First, good Peter Quince, say what the play treats on; then read the names of the actors; and so grow to a point. Quin. Marry, our play is-The most lamenta ble comedy, and most cruel death of Pyramus and Thisby.4 Bot. A very good piece of work, I assure you and a merry. Now, good Peter Quince, call forth your actors by the scroll: Masters, spread yourselves. Quin. Answer, as I call you.-Nick Bottom, the weaver. Bot. Ready: Name what part I am for, and proceed. Quin. You, Nick Bottom, are set down for Py Quin. That's all one; you shall play it in a mask, and you may speak as small as you will. Bot. An I may hide my face, let me play Thisby too: I'll speak in a monstrous little voice; -Thisne, Thisne-Ah, Pyramus, my lover dear; thy Thisby dear! and lady dear! Quin. No, no; you must play Pyramus; and, Flute, you Thisby. Bot. Well, proceed. Quin. Robin Starveling, the tailor. Star. Here, Peter Quince. Quin. Robin Starveling, you must play Thisby's mother. Tom Snout, the tinker. Snout. Here, Peter Quince. Quin. You, Pyramus's father; myself, Thisby's father;-Snug, the joiner, you, the lion's part:and, I hope, here is a play fitted. Snug. Have you the lion's part written? pray you, if it be, give it me, for I am slow of study. Quin. You may do it extempore, for it is nothing but roaring. Bot. Let me play the lion too: I will roar, that I will do any man's heart good to hear me; I will Bot. You were best to call them generally, man exclude his inferiors from all possibility of distinction by man, according to the scrip. He is therefore desirous to play Pyramus, Thisbe, and the Lion, at the same time. 4 Probably a burlesque upon the titles of some of our old Dramas. 5 This passage shows how the want of women on the old stage was supplied. If they had not a young man who could perform the part with a face that might pass for feminine, the character was acted in a mask, which was at that time a part of a lady's dress, and so much in use that it did not give any unusual appearance to the scene; and he that could modulate his voice to a female tone might play the woman very successfully roar, that I will make the duke say, Let him roar again, Let him roar again. Quin. An you should do it too terribly, you would fright the duchess and the ladies, that they would shriek; and that were enough to hang us all. All. That would hang us every mother's son. Bot. I grant you, friends, if that you should fright the ladies out of their wits, they would have no more discretion but to hang us: but I will aggravate my voice so, that I will roar you as gently as any sucking dove; I will roar you an 'twere any nightingale. Quin. You can play no part but Pyramus: for Pyramus is a sweet-faced man; a proper man, as one shall see in a summer's day; a most lovely, gentleman-like man; therefore you must needs play Pyramus. Bot. Well, I will undertake it. What beard were I best to play it in? Quin. Why, what you will. Bot. I will discharge it in either your straw-coloured beard, your orange-tawny beard, your purple-in-grain beard, or your French-crown-colour beard, your perfect yellow.2 Quin. Some of your French crowns have no hair at all, and then you will play bare-faced. But, masters, here are your parts: and I am to entreat you, request you, and desire you, to con them by to-morrow night; and meet me in the palace wood, a mile without the town, by moon-light; there will we rehearse: for if we meet in the city, we shall be dogg'd with company, and our devices known. In the mean time I will draw a bill of properties, such as our play wants. I pray you, fail me not. Bot. We will meet; and there we may rehearse more obscenely, and courageously. Take pains; be perfect, adieu. Quin. At the duke's oak we meet. АСТ II. [Exeunt. SCENE I. A Wood near Athens. Enter a Fairy at one door; and PUCK at another. Puck. How now, spirit! whither wander you? Fai. Over hill, over dale, Thorough bush, thorough briar, Over park, over pale, 1 As if. 2 It seems to have been a custom to stain or dye the beard. 3 This allusion to the Corona Veneris, or baldness attendant upon a particular stage of, what was then termed, the French disease, is too frequent in Shakspeare, and is here explained once for all. 4 Articles required in performing a play. 5 To meet whether bowstrings hold or are cut is to meet in all events. But the origin of the phrase has not been sati factorily explamed. 6 So Drayton, in his Nymphidia, or Court of Fairy: 7 The orbe here mentioned are those circles in де herbage commonly called fairy-rings, ane cause of which is not yet certainly known. S The allusion is to Elizabeth's band of gentlemen pensioners, who were chosen from among the handsomest and tolest young men of family and fortune; they were dressed in habits richly garnished with gold lace. 9 In the old comedy of Doctor Dodypoll, 1600, an enchanter says, 'Twas I that led you through the painted meads Where the light fairies danc'd upon the flowers, Hanging on every leaf an orient pearl. 10 Lubber or clown. Lob, lobcock, looby, and lubber, all denote inactivity of body and dulness of mind. Thou speak'st aright; I am that merry wanderer of the night. But room, Faery, here comes Oberon. Fei. And hore my mistress:-'Would that he were gone! 14 A quern was a handmill. 15 And if that the bowle of curds and creame were not duly set out for Robin Goodfellow, the frier, and Sisse the dairy-maid, why then either the pottage was burnt next day in the pot, or the cheeses would not curdle, or the butter would not come, or the ale in the fat never would have good head. But if a Peeterpenny, or an housle-egg were behind, or a patch of tythe unpaid, then ware of bull-beggars, spirits, &c. 16 Milton refers to these traditions in L'Allegro. 17 Wild apple. 18 Dr. Johnson thought he remembered to have heard this ludicrous exclamation upon a person's seat slipping from under him. He that slips from his chair falls as a tailor squats upon his board. Hanmer thought the passage corrupt, and proposed to read 'rails or cries." 19 The old copy reads: 'And waren in their mirth, &c.' Though a gliminering of sense may be extracted from this passage as it stands in the old copy, it seems most probable that we should read, as Dr. Farmer proposed, yeren. To yer is to hiccup, and is so explained in all the old dictionaries. The meaning of the passage will then be, that the objects of Puck's waggery laughed till their laughter ended in a yer or hiccup. Puck is speaking with an affectation of ancient phraseology. SCENE II. Enter OBERON, at one door, with his | And on old Hyems' chin, and icy crown, Train, and TITANIA, at another, with hers, Obe. Ill met by moon-light, proud Titania. Tita. What, jealous Oberon? Fairy, skip hence; I have forsworn his bed and company. Obe. How, canst thou thus, for shame, Titania, Glance at my credit with Hippolyta, night From Perigenia, whom he ravished? And make him with fair Ægle break his faith, Tita. These are the forgeries of jealousy: An odorous chaplet of sweet summer buds Their wonted liveries; and the 'mazed world, Obe. Do you amend it then; it lies in you: Set your heart at rest, The fairy land buys not the child of me. squire,) Would imitate; and sail upon the land, To dance our ringlets to the whistling wind, Therefore the winds, piping to us in vain, And thorough this distemperature, we see 1 The shepherd boys of Chaucer's time had Many a floite and litling horne And pipes made of grene corne. 2 See the Life of Theseus in North's Translation of Plutarch. Egle, Ariadne, and Antiopa were all at dif. ferent times mistresses to Theseus. The name of Perigune is translated by North Perigouna. 3 Spring seems to be here used for beginning. The spring of day is used for the dawn of day in K. Henry IV. Part II. 4 A very common epithet with our old writers, to signify paltry; palting appears to have been its original orthography. 5 i. e. borne down the banks which contain them. 6 A rural game, played by making holes in the ground In the angles and sides of a square, and placing stones or other things upon them, according to certain rules. These figures are called nine men's morris, or merrils, because each party playing has nine men; they were generally cut upon turf, and were consequently choked up with mud in rainy seasons. 7 Human mortals is a mere pleonasm; and is neither put in opposition to fairy mortals nor to human immortals, according to Steevens and Ritson. It is simply the language of a fairy speaking of men. See Mr. Douce's Illustrations, vol. i. p. 185. 8 Theobald proposed to read their winter cheer. 9 This singular image was probably suggested to the poet by Golding's translation of Ovid, B. ii.: And lastly quaking for the colde, stoode Winter all forlorne, With rugged head as white as dove, and garments all to-torne, Obe. How long within this wood intend you stay? Obe. Give me that boy, and I will go with thee. [Exeunt TITANIA and her Train. Obe. Well, go thy way: thou shalt not from this Till I torment thee for this injury.- Puck. I remember. Obe. That very time I saw (but thou could'st not,) Flying between the cold moon and the earth, Forladen with the isycles, that dangled up and downe, crowne. 10 Autumn producing flowers unseasonably upon those of Summer. 11 The confusion of seasons here described is no more than a poetical account of the weather which happened in England about the time when the Midsummer-Night's Dream was written. The date of the piece may be determined by Churchyard's description of the same kind of weather in his 'Charitie, 1505. Shakspeare fancifully ascribes this distemperature of seasons to a quarrel between the playful rulers of the fairy world; Churchyard, broken down by age and misfortunes, is seriously disposed to represent it as a judginent from the Almighty on the offences of mankind. 12 Produce. So in Shakspeare's 97th Sonnet; The teeming Autumn, big with rich increase, Bearing the wanton burthen of the prime." 13 Page of honour. 14 It is well known that a compliment to Queen Ellzabeth was intended in this very beautiful passage. Warburton has attempted to show, that by the mermaid in the preceding lines, Mary Queen of Scots was intended. It is argued with his usual fanciful ingenuity, but will not bear the test of examination, and has been satisfactorily controverted. It appears to have been no uncommon practice to introduce a compliment to Eli. zabeth in the body of a play. And loos'd his love-shaft smartly from his bow, Yet mark'd I where the bolt of Cupid fell: Fetch me that flower: the herb I show'd thee once: Puck. I'll put a girdle round about the earth In forty minutes. Obe. [Erit PUCK. Having once this juice, I'll watch Titania when she is asleep, The next thing then she waking looks upon, Enter DEMETRIUS, HELENA following him. Hence, get thee gone, and follow me no more. Hel. You draw me, you hard-hearted adamant; But yet you draw not iron, for my heart Is true as steel; Leave you your power to draw, And I shall have no power to follow you. Dem. Do I entice you? Do I speak you fair ? Or, rather, do I not in plainest truth Teil you I do not, nor I cannot love you? Hel. And even for that do I love you the more. I am your spaniel; and, Demetrius, The more you beat me, I will fawn on you: Use me but as your spaniel, spurn me, strike me, Neglect me, lose me; only give me leave, Unworthy as I am, to follow you. What worser place can I beg in your love, (And yet a place of high respect with me, Than to be used as you do your dog? brakes, And leave thee to the mercy of wild beasts. Hcl. The wildest hath not such a heart as you. Run when you will, the story shall be chang'd; Apollo flies, and Daphne holds the chase; The dove pursues the griffin; the mild hind Makes speed to catch the tiger. Bootless speed! When cowardice pursues, and valour flies. Dem. I will not stay thy questions; let me go: Or, if thou follow me, do not believe But I shall do thee mischief in the wood. Hel. Ay, in the temple, in the town, the field, You do me mischief. Fye, Demetrius! Your wrongs do set a scandal on my sex We cannot fight for love, as men may do We should be woo'd, and were not made to woo. I'll follow thee, and make a heaven of hell, To die upon the hand I love so well. [Exeunt DEM. and HEL Obe. Fare thee well, nymph: ere he do leave this grove, Thou shalt fly him, and he shall seek thy love. Re-enter PUCK. Hast thou the flower there? Welcome, wanderer. Puck. Ay, there it is. Obe. I pray thee, give it me. Take thou some of it, and seek through this grove. Puck. Fear not, my lord, your servant shall do so. [Exeunt. SCENE III. Another part of the Wood. Enter TITANIA, with her train. Tita. Come, now a roundel, and a fairy song; Dem. Tempt not too much the hatred of my Then, for the third part of a minute, hence; spirit; For I am sick, when I do look on thee. Hel. And I am sick, when I look not on you. Dem. You do impeach your modesty too much To leave the city, and commit yourself Into the hands of one that loves you not; 1 Exempt from the power of love. 2 violet, commonly called pansies, or Some, to kill cankers in the musk-rose buds; Some, war with rear-mice1o for their leathern wings, To make my small elves coats; and some, keep back The clamorous owl, that nightly hoots, and wonders At our quaint spirits: 11 Sing me now asleep; Then to your offices, and let me rest. SONG. 1 Fai. You spotted snakes, with double tongue, heartsease, is here meant; one or two of its petals are of a purple colour. It has other fanciful and expressive names, such as-Cuddle me to you; Three faces under a hood; Herb trinity, &c. 3 Mad, raving. 4 There is now a dayes a kind of adamant which draweth unto it fleshe, and the same so strongly, that it hath power to knit and tie together two mouthes of contrary persons, and draw the heart of a man out of his bodie without offending any part of him. Certaine Secrete Wonders of Nature, by Edward Fenton, 1569. 5 i. e. bring it into question. 6 To die upon, &c. appears to have been used for 'to die by the hand." 7 The greater cowslip. cient proof that the broad Scotch pronunciation once 8 Steevens thinks this rhyme of man and on a sufliprevailed in England. But our ancient poets were not and I very much doubt a conclusion made upon such particular in making their rhymes correspond in sound, slender grounds. 9 The roundel, or round, as its name implies, was a dance of a circular kind. 10 Bats. 13 Slow-worms. 11 Sports 12 Efts. Lys. Fair love, you faint with wandering in the And to speak troth, I have forgot our way; Her. Be it so, Lysander; find you out a bed, Lys. One turf shall serve as pillow for us both; One heart, one bed, two bosoms, and one troth. Her. Nay, good Lysander; for my sake, my dear, Lie further off yet, do not lie so near. Lys. O, take the sense, sweet, of my innocence; 2 Love takes the meaning, in love's conference. I mean, that my heart unto yours is knit; So that but one heart we can make of it: Two bosoms interchained with an oath; So then, two bosoms, and a single troth. Then, by your side no bed-room me deny; For, lying so, Hermia, I do not lie. Her. Lysander riddles very prettily:- Lys. Amen, amen, to that fair prayer, say I; Her. With half that wish the wisher's eyes be press'd! Enter Puck. [They sleep. Puck. Through the forest have I gone, [Ext DEMETRIUS. Hel. O, I am out of breath in this fond chase! For beasts that meet me, run away for fear. Lys. And run through fire I will, for thy sweet [Waking. sake. Transparent Helena; Nature shows her art," Hel. Do not say so, Lysander; say not so. What though he love your Hermia? Lord, what though? Yet Hermia still loves you: then be content. Who will not change a raven for a dove? Hel. Wherefore was I to this keen mockery born? [Exit. Lys. She sees not Hermia!-Hermia, sleep thou there; And never mayst thou come Lysander near' The deepest loathing to the stomach brings; 1 The small tiger, or tiger-cat. 2 i. e. 'understand the meaning of my innocence, or my innocent meaning. Let no suspicion of ill enter thy mind. In the conversation of those who are assured of each other's kindness, not suspicion but love takes the meaning. 3 This word implies a sinister wish, and here means the same as if she had said, 'now ill befall my man ners, &c. 4 Possess. 5 So in Macbeth: Sleep shall neither night nor day 6 i. e. the lesser my acceptableness, the favour I can gain. 7 The quartos have only-Nature shews art. The first folio- ' Nature her shews art. The second folio changes her to here. Malone thought we should read, Nature shews her art." 8 i. e do not ripen to it |