Surveying as Practised by Civil Engineers and Surveyors: Including the Setting-out of Works for Construction and Surveys Abroad, with Examples Taken from Actual Practice |
Contents
CHAPTER I | 1 |
SURVEYING WITH ANGULAR INSTRUMENTS | 62 |
Vernier Theodolite Eltham TheodoliteCooke | 80 |
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Common terms and phrases
accuracy accurate adjustment altitude axis azimuth back sight barometer bench marks bubble tube calculated centre line chain line Chapter circle circumpolar star clamp clinometer colatitude collimation line compass contours correct cross hairs cross sections curve datum difference distance equal fence field book fixed fore sight given gradient graduated Greenwich mean ground horizontal intersection latitude length longitude magnetic magnetic bearings mean measured meridian method metres miles millimetres minutes Nautical Almanac needle object glass observed angle offsets Ordnance Ordnance Survey parallel pegs perpendicular photographs plane plate plotted pole position protractor railway ranging rod reduced level right angles right ascension scale screw sextant shaft shown in Fig side slope spherical spirit level stadia staff readings star star's station surface survey surveyor tacheometer taken tangent tape telescope temperature theodolite traverse triangle Troughton & Simms true bearing tunnel usually vernier vertical angle wire