matters. HISTORICAL BOOKS. The State Archives of Maryland. Edited by Vol. I. The neglect with Dr. W. H. Browne. which American writers have treated their own history has been a matter of regret to some extent, of accusation. While they have made the history of Spain, and of Burgundy, and of the Netherlands the subject of careful research and brilliant illustration, they have, for the most part, left that of the various American colonies to those who may be classed with the better sort of county historians. But if the work of the historian has been lacking, the work which comes on the stage before us has been forthcoming in abundance. The archives either by State aid or by the labours of some of almost every colony have been published, learned society, with all the fullness and completeness of arrangement that a student can ask for. The calendar under notice gives a clear account of the work which has been don this way by the Maryland Historical Society, It does not profess to be more than a summary of the documents which the society has already published in the first volume; it does not profess to give more than a bare outline of their contents. pleasantly exciting, uncompromising light novel. Besides, it improves as it goes on, The Voyage to Cadiz in 1625: being a Journal and the second volume is actually quite in- written by John Glanville, Secretary to the teresting. The author has her weaknesses. Lord Admiral of the Fleet (Sir E. Cecil), afterShe not only reveres the nobility, but she wards Sir John Glanville, Speaker of the makes her ladies and gentlemen adore them Parliament, &c. Never before printed. From with fear and trembling. They blush with Sir John Eliot's MSS. at Port Eliot. Edited, with excitement at shaking hands with a Duke, B. Grosart. Introduction and Notes, by the Rev. Alexander (Printed for the Camden Society.) and even compare their experiences of these This journal of the disastrous voyage to Cadiz divine favours. But, though her county in 1625 is a valuable addition to our knowpeople are natural and unaffected, she stumbles ledge of the earlier part of the seventeenth among the ranks of the peerage. The Duke's century. The facts it contains are not of great eldest son is called Baron Beville, Lord Robert importance taken by themselves; but, in the Belmont is the son of an Earl, Lord and Lady lump, they are of much interest, because they Arthur Beville display conspicuous coronets bring before us, almost as clearly as if we had seen it with our own eyes, the disgraceful manon their body-linen and portmanteaus. Nor ner in which business was conducted under the can we believe that a noble bridegroom 'divine right" monarchy. No historian, so resident in Grosvenor Square, and a wealthy far as we are aware, has made it clear why heiress sojourning in Wales, can legally effect a despotism which had worked well on the clandestine marriage by putting up their whole, though with much friction, under banns at Hackney. However, these are small Elizabeth should have become so entirely unThe story is fairly original, and workable when the Stuart kings had the helm many of the characters rather well drawn. of State in their hands. James and Charles I., whatever their faults may have been, had cerA spice of romance and improbability is tainly the honour of England at heart; and it nowadays more than acceptable, so we accept is equally certain that there were brave, honest, the lordly poisoner and the hunchbacked and competent men to be found who would, in toxicologist with pleasure. Of the heroine, their subordinate capacities, have done their Amy, we are not so sure. She is most art-duty. Yet, during the long years that passed fully introduced; but our interest in her wanes by from the time when James ascended the as she wilfully ruins her life, and we quite English throne to the day the Long Parliatire of her when, after her wicked husband's ment unsheathed the sword, almost everything suicide, she is restored to her first lover by the reigned everywhere. We have our own theory went amiss on sea and land. Incompetence old device of brain fever and a slow conon this very grave subject, but this is not the valescence in the Riviera. This young phy-place in which to promulgate it. Mr. Grosart sician, like the toxicologist, is a remarkable has conferred a benefit on all those who care study for a woman to have written. His for accurate knowledge of a most interesting, peculiar professional ethics, and feelings, and though shameful, time, in giving this diary to anxieties, when suddenly placed in charge of the world. We owe its preservation to the another doctor's practice, are most interesting, great Sir John Eliot, who had, no doubt, caused a transcript to be made for his own use as giving an insight into the average medical in his contest with the King and Buckingham. mind. There are many bright and clever Glanville had evidently a very great repugnance pages, especially the description of Mr. Reed's to going with the fleet. We do not know whether sermon and its effects, and of the Rector who, we ought to use the word "pressed" in relanot to bore the quality, read the Litany "with tion to a man in his position; but it seems clear quick cheeriness." The Knave of Hearts does that he was compelled to accept the post of not aim too high, but has certainly hit the mark. secretary to the fleet, though we may assume that the means used were somewhat gentler than those employed by what our grandfathers suc-printed from a document preserved in the swept away, we should still have a mass of Public Record Office Glanville's reasons for material in chronicles, letters, and diaries. The desiring to be excused. One of them is that his same may be said, though in a less degree, of handwriting was so bad that hardly anyone but Virginia. But Maryland had no contemporary his own clerk could read it. His real objection have only a few party pamphlets, in which chronicler. Take away the records and we evidently was that he had much business on his hands with which a protracted sea voyage recriminated, or the reports of Jesuit missionPuritans denounced Babylon and Royalists We do not gather a high opinion of Sir Edward Cecil, Viscount Wimble-aries, more intent on the wonders of Indian and brave soldier, as is proved by his services in of the colony. Boyman's History, published don, from this diary. He was, however, a good conversions than on the constitutional history( the Netherlands. Mr. Grosart thinks, perhaps in 1837, is indeed a work entitled to high with some justice, that he was deficient in self-praise. It is based on a laborious study of the reliance, and contrasts him unfavourably with Blake and Nelson. We submit this is hardly fair. Byron was a good poet, and yet was nothing when contrasted with Dante or Shak But from this list one can judge the nature and extent of the material placed before one. It includes a complete reproduction of all the legislative proceedings of the two Houses which formed the Colonial Assembly, so far as the words of those proceedings have sur vived. Search among the colonial papers in the English Record Office has enabled the compilers passed between 1649 and 1676, hitherto missing, to fill a gap of great importance. The laws of the Colonial Entry Books. Some deficiencies have all been preserved in their integrity in one far these are due to loss, or to the absence there are still. Nor is it possible to tell how far the most serious deficiency is the absence of all legislation during certain years. By of any records of the proceedings of an Assembly from December 1688 to May 1692years of no small importance in the history of the colony. This, however, will be in a large measure supplemented by the next volume, which is to contain some eight or ten thousand miscellaneous papers, many of them having reference to the time in question. The value of these volumes to students of American history can hardly be estimated. In the case of Maryland we are peculiarly and specially dependent If the records of on the colonial archives. Miss Gift's story is of a much higher type knew as the press-gang. Mr. Grosart has the New England colonies were completely! would interfere. than the others, and, as it is short, it is cessful. Her idea of an innocent English girl is much more complex and natural than the mere selfish, silly chit who plays the ingénue in most novels. Hetty is a good, sensible, inexperienced girl who, as might be expected, suffers herself, and causes others to suffer, by her inexperience. Her feelings are not very decided, for she has hardly got used to them, and does not yet quite know her own mind. This is merely saying she is young and innocent. Her story is really a wholesome moral, for, though the punishment is far out of proportion to the fault-if fault it was -it shows how even involuntary thoughtlessness may work involuntary mischief. All ends well; she marries her faithful Vicar. spere. Wimbledon was, as it seems to us, a good nected history, while, on the other hand, thei and the flirting Captain is tried for murder at the Old Bailey. The delicate position of Hetty in coming forward to give evidence seems to spoil the effect of the rest of the tale; but this murder affair, after all, gives a tragic element which redeems it from a mere drawing-room love-story. Both the men are very well drawn. In spite of the tragedy, there is nothing depressing in this very pretty, refined, and carefully written book. E. PURCELL. soldier sent to command a rickety fleet with a dissatisfied crew. Everything went against colonial archives. But, unhappily, it is a com pilation of records rather than a well-digested reproduction of them. The writer fell between two stools. His close adhesion to the very text of his documents spoilt his work as a con attempt at literary form deprived it of the completeness and exactness of a calendar. His successors will have reason to be thankful to the Maryland Historical Society for their present work. What was before a work of years is hereby rendered a work of days. Manual of Jewish History and Literature. By (Macmillan.) Mrs. Lucas has faithfully trans Dr. Cassel. Translated by Mrs. Henry Lucas. lated Dr. Cassel's Leitfaden für den Unterricht in der jüdischen Geschichte und Literatur, but she has not supplied any of the defects which render historical portions of her original unsatistory. She has omitted an Appendix on the graphy of Palestine, and has added a section the recent history of the Jews in England ch, although good in the main, is certainly of all proportion to the space allotted in the y of the book to mediaeval Anglo-Jewish -tory. The chapter concludes, too, with a of eminent individuals," most of whose I have little claim to be mentioned in the same breath with the Jewish writers of antiquity; and no mention is made of Grace Aguilar, the only Anglo-Jewish writer who can be said to have acquired any sort of literary fame outside the Jewish community. So far as Dr. Cassel's volume deals with mediaeval Hrew literature it deserves nothing but praise. It summarises the history of this subject completely and so concisely that it appeals far more directly to advanced students than to the youthful readers for whom it was avowedly pared. The full Index at the end of the greatly enhances the usefulness of its terary information. But when we turn to the historical portion of the book, we find several grounds for serious complaint, keeping well in mind its modest pretensions to be viewed only 14 a Jewish school-book. The origin and growth of Christianity are surely historical facts that sufficiently influenced Jewish history to render the excessive brevity with which they are treated here a fatal fault. The Jewish settlement in mediaeval England, moreover, though less distinguished by great writers than the majority of the Continental settlements, undoubtedly deserved a more elaborate notice than that to be found in the few lines devoted to it on pp. 163 and 164. three hundred pages should give many a young reader a permanent pleasure. The History of the Reign of George III., for Army Candidates and Students. By Oxon. (Sonnenschein.) From its title it may be inferred that this is merely a cram-book, and of no historical value whatsoever. Of its class it is good, for it is clear and concise, and abounds in tabulated statements which army candidates can commit to memory. For understanding history it is useless, but for acquiring the facts necessary for answering examination questions it is really valuable. Like all other crambooks compiled by men who have no real knowledge of the history they attempt to analyse, it abounds in loose statements which would grievously mislead "students," but which will not do much harm to "army candidates." Thus on one page the author speaks of the Vendean War, and makes five mistakes in his five remarks. La Vendée was not finally conquered by Westerman at Le Mans in 1793, but by Hoche in 1795; the attack on Granville can certainly not be called a "brilliant deed;' Larochejacquelin was not their great leader, and was far inferior to both Cathelineau and Charette; the Vendeans were not "a brave peasantry led by their priests and gentry to fight for their king," but were roused into rebellion by the demand of their young men for the desperate war on the frontiers; they certainly did not treat their prisoners generously, but with ruthless cruelty. Yet the statements of "Oxon" are in consonance with received opinions, and he borrowed them from the ordinary books which continue, and will continue, to make the usual mistakes. The book is, of course, as dry as a cram-book must be, but the Preface is amusing, and concludes with this sentiment : Horace Walpole and his Works. Select Passages from his Letters. Edited by L. B. Seeley. (Seeley. The capitalist who has five guineas will assist some of the sons of the stately homes of "In conclusion, the author hopes that the work in his pocket and wishes for an investment in a England, whose grandfathers fought in the battles safe and remunerative security cannot do better here described, to enter that profession so prethan to expend them in obtaining the nine eminently fitted for gentlemen-the service of lumes of Peter Cunningham's edition of their country and their Queen." Horace Walpole's Letters. Those who have only five shillings to spare should purchase Bonifaz und Lul: Ihre angelsächsischen Mr. Seeley's extracts from the same. While Korrespondenten. Ising these selections from the letter-writer Careful and methodic a amuses everybody, but is abused by every Bright's book no work so important as the Bustere critic, it is of course impossible to avoid present treatise has appeared relating to the thebeling which Sheridan expressed when he Old English Church. whown a single volume entitled "The Beau-in treatment, brief and clear in style, and of Shakspere," and enquired as to the fate full of good matter, it is worthy of of the other nine volumes. Still, if only speci- follower of von Ranke and Röpell. It is a - are required of the sixty years' correspond-record of a peculiarly interesting period of our of the unwearied letter-writer from Church history-a period wherein English erry Hill, the selection could not be made Churchmen abroad appear in a more prominent ater judgment than has been shown by posir eture, their favourite studies, their position than they have ever since taken up. ley. The letters are set in a short narrathe life of Walpole and of his chief friends; attitude toward the leading questions of the the charm of the volume is heightened by age, their biographies, are all alike deserving of illustrations, seven of which reproduce most careful study. No student of the early of the choicest examples of Sir Joshua's ecclesiastical or secular history of England or A condensation like this of the letters Germany can fail to welcome Herr Hahn's lifetime brings prominently before the book, or peruse it without much profit. the variations in Walpole's epistolary style. ater contrasts could be found in any than the fanciful, Frenchified letters from the country in 1743, and the digniarrative, only a year or two later, of the of Kilmarnock and Balmerino. Though extracts are made with the especial object strating the manners of that age, not a them are applicable to the present day. ania for collecting which Walpole satirised than a century ago flared up as fiercely a 4rs since. The growth of London is not arked now than when he wrote in 1776 s of houses shoot out every way like a Conway's experiments on smoke are d to more than once, and the spread of has become a greater evil with us every since then. This little volume of some Der englische Investitur-streit: Als anhang, die quellen und ihr abhängigkeitsverhaltnis. Dr. Maximilian Schmitz. (Innsbruck.) This is a useful little study of a question whose wide bearings and real influence are only beginning to be truly judged. It strives to make clear the position and ideas of Anselm with regard to what was, after all, the main problem of his age. The greatest philosopher the Middle Ages produced was forced to take part in the active politics of his time, in spite, in some degree, of his own wishes. This fact will ever lead English historians to take warm interest in a struggle the outcome of which, as regards England itself, is of less relative importance than other pettier conflicts. Dr. Schmitz's discussion of the authorities for the period is worth reading. It is a pity that of Eadmer has been hitherto so neglected in England; a new and correct edition of his charming Historia Novorum would have been welcome any time during the last half-century. For one's own part, one can hardly agree in the author's unduly severe judgment Eadmer's credibility. Properly used, Eadmer is invaluable, his enthusiasm for his master being no small proof of his worth; and it is comparatively easy, when once the personal equation is estimated, to weigh his statements judicially. The old paradox of Macaulay, that Boswell was a good biographer because he was such a fool, will not bear examination; Boswell was wise enough to see his hero's greatness, and we must not condemn Eadmer because he loved the man who was best worth loving of all he knew. THE Transactions of the third session of the Birmingham Historical Society opens with the presidential address of Prof. Seeley, delivered on October 26, 1882. The volume also contains a paper by Mr. J. Bass Mullinger on "An English College in the Olden Time;" two by the Rev. A. Jamson Smith on "The Lollards and "Wat Tyler's Rebellion; and one by Mr. G. J. Johnson on "The Conflict in English History between Private Ownership of Land and the Ownership of the State and the Community." NOTES AND NEWS. A NEW work by Vernon Lee may be expected carly this spring, under the title of Euphorion. It consists of a series of studies of the antique and the mediaeval in the Renaissance. Euphorion-the name given by Goethe to the marvellous child born of the mystic union of Faustus and Helena-fitly represents the but nurtured by the spirit of antiquity as the Renaissance, taking life from the Middle Ages, child born of Helena takes life from Faustus. About one third of the book has already appeared at various times as separate articles in Reviews; the remainder is new matter. Euphorion will be published, in two volumes, by Mr. T. Fisher Unwin. MISS BETHAM-EDWARDS, having already explored the west, east, and east-central regions of France, will this year make a sojourn of many months in the Pyrenees and Languedoc. One of her objects will be to visit that line of coast described so learnedly, yet with such lively interest, by M. Chas. Luthéric, in his valuable contribution to French archaeology, Les Villes mortes du Golfe de Lyon. MESSRS. GRIFFITH & FARRAN will issue im mediately a new edition of the Dean of Wells' fine poem Lazarus, which has been for some We understand that the time out of print. Dean has a new volume of poems in hand, which will be published by the same house. A NEW edition, in one volume, of the Free Trade Speeches of the Right Hon. C. P. Villiers is in the press, and will be published immediately by Messrs. Kegan Paul, Trench, & Co. 66 MR. ARTHUR J. EVANS, who is a special authority on all matters connected with Ragusa, has made for Dr. Murray an historical investigation of the statement current already in the seventeenth century that the name "argosy is derived from the city and republic of Ragusa, with the result of finally deciding the question in the affirmative. Argosy," in its earlier forms argusea, argozee, ragusye, is simply una Ragusea [nave], plural Ragusee, common in Italian documents of the sixteenth century. Ragusa was itself also known to Englishmen as Argouse, Argusa, Aragosa, whence the transposed forms argosea, argosy. It has been shown that the merchant caracks of Ragusa, so famous for their size and capacity, were well known in England. BARON TAUCHNITZ, of Leipzig, has this week published a Continental edition of the Queen's new book, of which he has acquired the copyright for the Continent. MR. T. WEMYSS REID's novel, Gladys Fane, is about to be re-issued in a popular form in one volume, the previous editions having been exhausted. As a proof of the popularity that this book has gained, it may be added that Gladys Fane is now appearing in Australia as a serial in the Sydney Echo. WE hear that Mrs. Charles Oppenheim is engaged on a Life of Giordano Bruno. M. PAUL BLOUET, assistant master in St. Paul's School, is preparing for publication by the Clarendon Press a work in two volumes entitled L'Eloquence de la Chaire et de la Tribune françaises. Vol. i., "French Sacred Oratory," containing extracts from the best funeral orations and sermons of Bossuet, Bourdaloue, Massillon, Fléchier, and Mascaron, with his an Elegy in four cantos on the Earl of Beacons-worth about £1,000 a-year instead of, as is the field, to be ready by April 19; another book of fact, about £750 a-year. The statement should the Don't class, to be called You Should; have run as follows:Traveller's Joy on the Wayside of Life, being a "The professorship is endowed with an annual volume of Selections by Ellen Gubbins; and income of about £750 a-year arising from a fixed three new volumes in their series of "Taking annual payment of £500, together with the annual Tales"-Second Best, by S. J. Cross, Saturday dividend (now £250) of a fellowship at Emmanuel Night, by F. Bayford Harrison, and Little College which has been assigned to the Chair."" Betsy, by Mrs. E. Relton. Ir is almost disheartening to mention the success of the Don't class of publication. It is said that of the original edition of Don't seventy thousand copies have been disposed of in America; while of the five English editions, with the same title and very much the same matter, the Leadenhall Press heads the list with a record of forty thousand. You Shouldn't (Leadenhalle Presse) is of the Mark Twain type, and of a more humorous and perhaps rather too pronounced flavour. A NEW work by the late Grenville Murray, AT the meeting of the Clifton Shakspere Society held on February 23, the following papers were read:-"The Supernatural Element in The Tempest,'" by Miss Louiss Mary Davies; "Prospero," by Miss Constance O'Brien; and "The Uninteresting Character of 'The Tempest,'" by Mr. L. M. Griffiths. A MEMBER of the Folk-Lore Society writes to us :of Grimm's Teutonic Mythology (ACADEMY, February "In Mr. York Powell's interesting and able reria 23) reference is made to the universal belief an suffer from such ills as are wont to accompany our English and Irish peasantry 'that a man wi wife be lucky enough to escape them.' Just to show that folk-lore is in many cases but a too free and illogical argument based on facts, I may per haps be allowed to say that I am to-day acquainted London, and one in Northants, who invari.bly with three persons, one living in Sussex, one in torical, biographical, and critical notes, will entitled High Life in France under the Republic, pregnancy, nausea, neuralgia, and the like, if his appear very shortly. DR. BERNARD has just sent to press with Messrs. Sonnenschein a volume entitled Adventures in Servia, illustrated with numerous sketches from his own pencil. The author formed one of the Ambulance Brigade during the Russo-Turkish War. COPIES of Bishop Bryennios' important book, ΔΙΔΑΧΗ ΤΩΝ ΑΠΟΣΤΟΛΩΝ, just printed at Constantinople, have reached London, and are obtainable at Messrs. Williams and Norgate's. A VOLUME of Chess Studies and End-Games, systematically arranged by the veteran B. Horwitz, with a Preface by the Rev. W. Wayte, will be published next week by Mr. Jas. Wade. MESSRS. HODDER & STOUGHTON's announcements for the spring season include the following: - Kadesh-Barnea: its Importance and Probable Site, including Studies of the Route of the Exodus and the Southern Boundary of the Holy Land, by the Rev. Dr. H. Clay Trumbull; Wycliffe and Huss, by the Rev. Dr. Loserth, translated by M. J. Evans; The Grounds of Theistic and Christian Belief, by the Rev. Dr. George P. Fisher; Howard, the Philanthropist, and his Friends, by the Rev. Dr. Stoughton; Capital for Working Boys: Chapters on Character Building, by J. E. McConaughy; The Messages to the Seven Churches of Asia Minor, by Canon Tait; Biblical Lights and Sidelights: being a Cyclopaedia of Ten Thousand Illustrations, with Thirty Thousand Cross References, from the Bible, by the Rev. C. E. Little; Earth's Earliest Ages, and their Connection with Modern Spiritualism and Theosophy, by Mr. G. H. Pember; Talks with Young Men, by the Rev. Dr. J. Thain Davidson; Is God Knowable? by the Rev. J. Iverach, being a new volume of the "Theological Library; "Cluny Macpherson: a Tale of Brotherly Love, by A. E. Barr; George Fox and the Early Quakers, by A. C. Bickley; The Twofold Life; or, Christ's Work for us, and Christ's Work in us, by the Rev. Dr. A. J. Gordon; Anecdotes for Sermons, being a new volume of the "Clerical Library;" Heartfellowship with Christ: Prayers and Meditations for Every Sunday in the Year, by the Rev. W. Poole Balfern; and a new and illustrated edition of Dr. Macaulay's Across the Ferry: First Impressions of America and its People. MESSRS. GRIFFITH & FARRAN will shortly publish a work by the Rev. W. Frank Shaw, entitled The Preacher's Promptuary of Anecdote: Stories, New and Old, Arranged, Indexed, and Classified for the Use of Preachers, Teachers, and Catechists. The 100 stories which the book contains are selected to illustrate the subjects which would be handled in the pulpit, or when addressing children at evening classes, &c. THE same publishers also announce Primroses, will be published next week by Messrs. Vizetelly, who also announce an English translation of M. Zola's Nana, illustrated by French artists. THE new little Lent Manual by the Rev. T. B. lished last week by Messrs. Sonnenschein, has Dover, with Introduction by Canon King, pubalready run into a second edition. will publish next week the first number of the MESSRS. WILSON & M'CORMICK, of Glasgow, Glasgow University Review, a new illustrated monthly. The same publishers will issue immediately How Glasgow Ceased to Flourish: a Tale of 1890. A TRANSLATION into French of some of the experiences of McGovan, the Edinburgh detective, is being prepared by the Comtesse Agénor de Gasparin. AT the annual general meeting of the members of University College, London, held on February 27, the following were admitted as life governors: (1) As having special claims by reason of benefits_conferred or services rendered Mr. A. S. Harvey, Mr. J. C. C. M'Caul, and Prof. H. Morley; (2) as distinguished in literature, science, or art-Mr. R. Burdon Sanderson; (3) as eminent in public Ellis, Mr. J. Fergusson, Prof. Marks, and Prof. life or in the cause of education-Mr. A. J. Mundella and Mr. John Simon. THE Working Men's College, founded by the Rev. F. D. Maurice and his fellow-workers, has not prospered like the City of London College, the Birkbeck Institute, the King's College Evening Classes, &c. After twenty-six years' existence, the college still cannot pay its way without help. Notwithstanding £184 of subscriptions and donations last year (of which Mr. A. Macmillan generously gave £100, and the Grocers' Company £25), a balance is still due to the college treasurer. But the Fabric Fund has £79 to the good. The committee purpose to raise the students' fees, and hope, with them and fresh gifts, to make both ends meet hereafter. IN our notice last week respecting the approaching election to the Professorship of Ecclesiastical History at Cambridge, by an error of omission the Chair is made to appear suffer from neuralgia or vomiting when their wives are enceinte, the ladies themselves having a very happy time of it." AMERICAN JOTTINGS. THE last week's mail does not bring any news of importance about the Dorsheimer Bill. The amendment extending the term of foreign copyright from twenty-eight years, or life, to twenty-eight years with renewal for fourteen years more, which is the term of municipal copyright, seems to meet with general (though not universal) approval. It is whispered that the powerful publishing firm of Messrs. Harclause requiring pers Bros. may oppose the measure unless a introduced; but, on the other hand, Messrs domestic manufacture" be Scribner's Sons have announced that they wil be content to leave this matter to the protection of the tariff. representing plays, &c., presents no difficulty. THE question of stage-right, or the right of It has been decided some time ago in America that the author of an unpublished play, even if an alien, possesses at common law an exclusive right of representation, which is in some respects more valuable than his statutory right in this country. Music stands on a somewhat different footing. A MS. score is, of course, in the same position as a book in MS., or an unpublished play; but music, once is like a book, in which an alien can under no published, circumstances claim copyright. Sir Arthur Sullivan has got over the difficulty as regards "Princess Ida in this way. He keeps his orchestral score in MS.; but the pianoforte arrangement has been made by an American and copyrighted by him both there and here. This is all that will be published even m England. will at last have a library worthy of the Federal THERE seems some hope that Washington Government. appropriating 500,000 dollars (£100,000) to The Senate has passed a Bill begin the work. The ultimate cost is estimated at more than three million dollars (£600,000), to provide accommodation for 3,000,000 books. MESSRS. HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN, & Co., of Boston, announce a new and complete edition of Mr. E. C. Stedman's poems, which will contain many written since the appearance of his last volume. MR. HERBERT SPENCER'S articles on current politics are appearing also in America in the Popular Science Monthly; and his friend Prof. Youmans writes of the series that "the future papers will probably bear much more directly upon American political problems than the present." when the Judgment Day would come, THE author of The Breadwinners-a novel THE Critic and Good Literature (we cannot undertake always to give this combined journal" its full title) contains in its number for February 9 a sort of symposium by several writers on the question whether payment by a proportion of the profits or in a lump sum is more advantageous to the author. ARNOLD HENRY GUYOT, the friend of Agassiz, and for thirty years Professor of Geology at Princeton College, died on February 18, at the age of seventy-six. A native of Switzerland, he first made his reputation by his discovery of the laminated structure of glaciers, and by his careful study of erratic boulders in the Alps. In 1848 he followed Agassiz to the United States. He wrote a series of books on geography, and has left ready for publication a work on Creation. FRENCH JOTTINGS. Ir falls to M. Victor, Cherbuliez, as directeur of the Académie française at the time of the death of Henri Martin and Laprade, to receive their successors, MM. de Lesseps and François Coppée. All the forty fauteuils are now full. THE Municipal Council of Paris has voted 10,000 frs. (£400) to the committee formed to celebrate the centenary of Diderot, being the same amount as was voted in the cases of Voltaire and Rousseau, on the condition that it be spent in erecting a statue of Diderot in Paris. There is also to be a local celebration at Langres, Diderot's birthplace, on July 30. A STATUE of George Sand, by M. Millet, is to be unveiled at La Châtre on July 15. THE scheme for placing a public library in every municipal quarter of Paris is progressing, though slowly. Thirty-eight such libraries are now in existence, with a total of about 100,000 volumes. Last year the number of additions was 12,000 volumes, and the number of readers was 514,000, being an increase of 151,000 on the previous year. THE Revue politique et littéraire of February 23 opens with a review of some nine pages, by M. Emile Deschanel, of M. Paul Bourget's recent book, Essais de Psychologie contemporaine. VISITORS to Paris are reminded that the magnificent series of tapestries formerly in the Château de Boussac (Berri) are now removed to the Cluny Museum. Magnificent they are, and very interesting it is to read at the same time George Sand's novel of Jeanne, wherein she describes the Château de Boussac and its scenery. It appears from a letter of Fraire Dominique Dauterlin, lately published in the Archives historiques de la Gascogne, that in 1550 Malchus, the servant who struck our Lord, was still shown in the flesh to pilgrims at Jerusalem. He was in crypt under Pilate's house, buried in the ground up to the navel, red-haired, long-faced, with a large beard, from thirty-five to forty years of age, dressed in white. His first speech to visitors was always Sie respondes pontifici? Afterwards he told them each their name, country, lineage, &c., speaking good German, Latin, French, and other tongues. He ended by asking of each A TRANSLATION. FROM THE FRENCH OF LOUIS BOUILHET. My lamp hath burned out, drop by drop, alone; My fire's last ember falls with dying sound: Sure I should see it-stands a phantom here; Dread guest who came when my life's feast was spread, Spectre arrayed in rags of vanished cheer. Even as a flock whereof he was the guide. Who art thou, art thou? Speak, thou tameless That strugglest pent within me unreproved ?— MAGAZINES AND REVIEWS. THE Monatsschrift für Geschichte und Wissenschaft des Judenthums shows how much is being done by Jewish scholars for history and philology with the slenderest pecuniary means. The February number contains a remarkable description, from trustworthy sources, of the Jewish sect founded by Sabbatai Zewi in the seventeenth century, which still survives at Salonichi under the protection of an enforced Mohammedanism. Dr. Egers gives details with regard to Hebrew acrostic poetry, especially that of Abenezra. The same scholar not long since gave extracts from the long-lost Diwan of Abenezra, a MS. of which now exists in the Royal Library at Berlin. In one of the poems the philosopher-poet refers in affecting language to the news of the change of religion of his son Isaac. Dr. Egers' edition of the Diwan will be awaited with interest. The various serial articles by Dr. Graetz, Dr. Bacher, and others already mentioned still move slowly on towards completion. He con MACAULAY'S NEW ZEALANDER. MR. SEELEY, in his extracts from Horace Walpole's Letters, which is noticed in another column of the ACADEMY, remarks that more than one writer has found the original of Macaulay's New Zealander in a passage in Walpole, which imagines a "curious traveller from Lima" visiting England and giving a description "of the ruins of St. Paul's." Others, he adds, have traced the same idea in the works of such diverse authors as Volney, Kirke White, Mrs. Barbauld, and Shelley. Walpole's letter was first published in 1843, and Macaulay's phrase appeared in 1840, but Mr. Seeley settles this chronological difficulty by the suggestion that the essayist had seen the letter of Walpole when the latter's MSS. were in the possession of Lord Holland. Almost at the very day that Mr. Seeley's volume reached us, there arrived by a curious coincidence from New Zealand the reprint of a paper which Mr. W. Colenso read before the Hawke's Bay Philosophical Institute on this Colenso, too, refers to the passages which Mr. "hackneyed quotation" of Macaulay. Mr. Seeley has cited; but he believes that the source from which the illustrious essayist and historian took his inspiration was the following sentence from "the able Preface to the English quarto edition of La Billardiere's celebrated voyages in search of the unfortunate La Perouse," published in 1800: "If so, the period may arrive when New Zealand may produce her Lockes, her Newtons, and her Montesquieus, and when great nations in the immediate region of New Holland may send their navigators, philosophers, and antiquaries to contemplate the ruins of ancient London and Paris, and to trace the languid remains of the arts and sciences in this quarter of the globe." CODEX Teplensis, der, enth. "Die Schrift d. newen HISTORY. In the last number of the Nordisk Tidskrift, Dr. Oscar Montelius, the Director of the Historical National Museum at Stockholm, gives the results of his studies concerning the prehistoric population of Sweden. cludes that a Germanic race has dwelt in the Scandinavian North for about 4,000 years, the people of the Bronze age having been the same there as that of the Iron age-namely, Teutonic. KOEHLER, G. Zur Schlacht v. Tagliacozzo am 23. Aug. Dr. Montelius fully agrees with those who hold that the Getic and other Thracian populations which, at the time of Herodotus, dwelt in Danubian quarters were of the Germanic stock, akin to the Scandinavians. la Révolution française. Paris: Plon. 15 fr. HERTZBERG. G. F. Griechische Geschichte. Halle : Waisenhaus. 4 M. 80 Pf. 1268. Breslau: Koebner. 2 M. LEDEBUR, K. v. König Friedrich I v. Preussen. Beiträge zur Geschichte seines Hofes, sowie der Wissenschaften, Künste u. Staatsverwaltg. jener Zeit. 2. Bd. Schwerin: Schmale. 7 M. MOзSMANN, X. Cartulaire de Mulhouse, Vol. 1 et 2. Colmar; Barth, 32 M, PHILOLOGY, ETC. CARSTENS, B. Zur Dialectbestimmung d. Mitteleng- COSIJN, P. J. Altwestsächsische Grammatik. 1. Hälfte. DUTENS. A. Essai sur l'Origine des Exposants casuels DUVAL, R. Les Dialectes néo-araméens de Salamas, GERING, H. Islendzk aeventyri. 2. Bd. Anmerkungen JUVENALIS et Persii fragmenta Bobiensia ed. a G. KLINGER, G. De decimi Livii libri fontibus. Leipzig: LUEBBERT, E. Commentatio de Pindaro Clisthenis Sicyonii institutorum censore. Bonn: Cohen. 2 M. ROSNY, Léon de. Zitu go kyau-Do zi kyau. L'Enseignement de la Vérité, Ouvrage du philosophe Kobaudaïsi, et l'Enseignement de la Jeunesse. Livr. 1. Paris: Leclerc. 5 fr. CORRESPONDENCE. 66 THE SEA-BLUE BIRD OF MARCH." Preston Rectory, Wellington, Salop: Feb. 20, 1884. "The sea-blue bird of March," of which the Laureate speaks in the well-known stanza "When rosy plumelets tuft the larch, ever, appear. And rarely pipes the mounted thrush; Or underneath the barren bush Flits by the sea-blue bird of March". has long been a puzzle to naturalists. Various birds have been suggested, as the kingfisher, blue tit, and swallow, but only to refute their claims. The swallow has the best pretension to be the bird in question; but swallows rarely arrive in this country so early as the time indicated-namely, in March. The rare piping of the thrush and the barren bush seem to indicate a cold and inclement season in that "roaring moon of daffodil," when swallows, even in the Isle of Wight, would hardly ever, if The kingfisher is no more a bird of March than of any other month in the year, and the same may be said of other sea-blue birds which have been suggested. Mr. Whitley Stokes' interesting reference to Aleman's fragment speaks of the mpixos of the spring generally, not of March definitely. It is quite impossible to say positively what the púxos and the ἁλκυών, or more correctly ἀλκυών, are. Greek writers generally mention two kinds of άλкváν-one marine and voiceless, the other terrestrial and musical (see Aristot. H. Anim. viii. 5); the kηpúλos is mentioned as being the male of the halcyon, but it is not easy to reconcile their accounts with any known species of birds; popular tradition has long associated the halcyon and the kerulus with the kingfisher; Schneider, however, had great doubts, and so had Aldrovandi. The former writes, "utriusque natura nobis adhuc ignota esse videtur.' Still, Aristotle's account of the bird's colour, blue, green, and purple, and of its size, being a little larger than a sparrow, of its feeding on fish, and constructing its nest of fish bones, is true of the kingfisher, and of no other bird; and, therefore, that is in all probability he aлkuúv of the Greeks, and the alcedo of the Latins, though the accounts are mixed up with much that is erroneous and mythical. But what is the Laureate's "sea-blue bird of March"? and echo answers "What?" W. HOUGHTON. A FINN SONG ON ST. STEPHEN'S DAY. The following song, which is sung at Korpo (a parish composed of many islands lying off the south-west corner of Finland) on St. Stephen's Day, will, I believe, be found interesting by many. The villagers go out very early in the morning, armed with lamps and torches, and sing the following while they stand on the steps outside the houses: Stephen was an ostler; For that we are thankful. But no daylight is seen yet, He scooped up water with a horse bell But no daylight is seen yet, Although the stars in heaven are twinkling." In one or two places the original is very obscure, but, on the whole, the above is a literal translation. So far as I have been able to investigate words they are singing mean. the matter, the people have no notion what the Their ideas are plainly shown in the little verse which follows, where the praises of corn-brandy as a stomachic are loudly proclaimed. It would be interesting to know what the five foals signify, and the connexion between Stephen and horses, for in the Finnish towns everyone goes out driving in the afternoon of St. Stephen's Day, and this custom is called "driving Stephen." The folk-lore collector, of course, only collects, and leaves his materials for others to classify or explain; but still, when one is continually coming across strange tales and forms, the thought will crop up-did somebody invent all this strange medley, or was the world once a lunatic asylum, or is there method in this madness? The curious stratification found in some tales, especially in the Magyar collection, appears to be worth considering as a help to the solution of the problem. *This refrain, I have been told, is intended as thanks to the people of the house for the good things they give the singers; but the construction clearly points to the translation I have adopted (vide Notes and Queries, December 22, 1883, where there are some slight variations). W. HENRY JONES. TORKINGTON'S PILGRIMAGE." Upper Clapton: Feb. 23, 1884. This story has been edited by Mr. W. J. Loftie for Messrs. Field & Tuer, who have pubblished it as the "Oldest Diary of English Travel." The public, for whom this edition is meant, ought to know that many portions of Torkington's text are copied from the previously written "Pilgrimage" of Sir Richard Guylford, which was edited for the Camden Society by Sir Henry Ellis in 1851, from a copy printed by Pynson in 1511. Torkington's "pilgrimage" is alleged to have been made in 1517. I have gone over the two books together, and find the Torkington scribe copying and imitating to such an extent that it is doubtful how much, if any, of his so-called pilgrimage is a genuine record. Alongside of every possible form of resemblance is every possible form of variation, suggesting that the Rev. Sir Richard Torkington was a master in the arts of literary fraud. I cannot understand how the facts I have indicated came to be overlooked by the editor of Torkington. B. H. COWPER. 66 THE RIVERSIDE SHAKESPEARE." In common with other students of Shakspere I owe much to Mr. Grant White's keen yet genial criticism, and I should be sorry if words of mine misrepresented him. But when he says that he has not seen Spalding's study of "The Two Noble Kinsmen," it means that he has not cared to see it. It is not difficult to procure a copy of the original edition; the Barton Collection, Boston Public Library, contains one with inserted letters by Lord Jeffrey, and an autograph letter from Spalding. Mr. White has been from the first a vice-president of the New Shakspere Society, and it is strange that he should not be aware that the society republished Spalding's admirable essay in 1876 (a fact noted in my Shakspere Primer). Writing, doubtless, in haste, he speaks of having consulted Spald ing on "Richard III." If this is not a printer's error (and Mr. White has seen no proof), I am sure Mr. White remembered before his letter was half-way across the Atlantic that it was wrote on Spedding, not Spalding, who Richard III." I thought I had given Mr. White the benefit woman's advice, when I referred in his own of his excellent precedent for taking the washerwords to the "eminent example," and I supposed I might still indulge in a few innocent impertinences. I am grateful to Mr. White for having forgiven my levities. My serious contention was, that a skilled student perceives strike an ordinary reader, because such a reader many real difficulties in Shakspere which never glides at once and unconsciously into an erroneous interpretation. So it is with the Bible and so with Shakspere; careful study often at first obscures and finally illuminates the text. EDWARD DOWDEN. London: Feb. 21, 1884. May I inform my friend Mr. Richard Grant White that the New Shakspere Society, of which he is a vice-president, in 1876 reprinted Prof. Spalding's criticism of "The Two Noble Kinsmen," with a summary of his argument, side-notes to the text, a Memoir of the writer by his friend the late Dr. John Hill Burton, the historian of Scotland, and Forewords by myself, extracting from the Edinburgh Review Prof. Spalding's modification of his positive opinion in his Letter as to Shakspere's share in the play, and declaring that the question was insoluble? My own strong conviction-come to after long wavering and hesitation-is that Shakspere never wrote a line or word of the play, and that Fletcher's fellow-worker has yet to be discovered. Mr. Robert Boyle says he was Massinger. F. J. FURNIVALL. PS.-We shall include "The Two Noble Kinsmen" in our Old-Spelling Shakspere, but shall print it all in small type, as spurious. THE MOON AND THE HARE. Commenting on my letter on Moon and Hare myths, Mr. Lang_says (ACADEMY, February 9), "The Great Hare of all mythic Hares is Michaboz," who "ought to be the Moon, I presume; but he adds that Dr. Brinton says Michaboz is the Dawn or the |