H T scholasticism. Of the two chief methods of interpretation, that which throws itself back by imagination into past ages, and tries to realise their modes of thought-the historical method—and that which interprets in the light of the modern consciousness-the pulpit method Dr. Westcott employs the latter. "Again and again," he says, "I would remind all who may hear me that all later knowledge is as a commentary which guides us further into the true understanding of prophets, apostles, and evangelists." It is this power of appreciating the modern spirit and adapting old words to new needs which gives their value to Dr. Westcott's commentaries, and to this volume which follows them as the application follows exposition in a To St. John they would no doubt have been unintelligible, but that does not sermon. lessen their usefulness to us. Thoughts upon the Liturgical Gospels for the Sundays, one for Each Day in the Year. With an Introduction on their Origin, History, the Modifications made in them by the Reformers and by the Revisers of the Prayer-Book, the Honour always paid to them in the Church, and the Proportions in which they are drawn from the Four Evangelists. By E. M. Goulbourn. In 2 vols. (Rivingtons.) The prinapal design of these volumes is to furnish a the value, in the pulpit, of teaching, as distinct hand, the cheap edition of his works published and witness of the truth of God's Word.” Sermons preached in English Churches. By Phillips Brooks. (Macmillan.) Mr. Brooks' fame as a preacher is high on the other side of the Atlantic; and when lately he visited this country he found that his reputation had preceded him. The sermons contained in the present volume were mostly preached in some of the best-known churches in London, and present a pleasing specimen of the simpler and more chastened style of American pulpit oratory. The Public Ministry and Pastoral Methods of our Lord. By W. G. Blaikie. (Nisbet.) This is an interesting volume of careful studies, inany of them forming part of the lectures which Dr. Blaikie delivered as Professor of Homiletical and Pastoral Theology in the New College, Edinburgh. The distinct treatment of subjects for the esoteric circle is considered, and the discourses of Jesus are analysed with a view to exhibiting their structure and character devotional commentary on the Dominical Sealed Books. The Atonement: a Clerical Symposium on What is the Scripture Doctrine of the Atonement?" By Archdeacon Farrar, Principal Rainy, Dr. Littledale, and others. (Nisbet.) It was the Nineteenth Century, if we remember ngly, that began to apply, in a way that might raise the shades of Plato and Xenophon, the word symposium to its collections of brief pap on the gravest and most awful subjects flogy. We recollect there was a 'syms" on "the eternity of future punishet," and here we have one on "the atonet." But let the name pass. The short ers here collected appeared originally in the Etic Magazine, and represent the thoughts persons of many different religious persua-from the Bishop of Amycla, who writes the request of Cardinal Manning, to contors who have no sympathy with the tramal theology on the subject. ons preached mainly to Country CongregaBy the late Edward Baines. Edited, Preface and Memoir, by Alfred Barry. millan.) The new Bishop of Sydney has well to print these sermons, not only as ag a fitting memorial of their author, but ount of their intrinsic worth. Mr. Baines pressed a powerful and carefully disciplined ; and the reader of this volume will y accept the statement of his biographer But be threw his whole mind into his ser.." and "abominated the practice of some lars who reserve the best of their minds other work, and are satisfied to give the odds and ends of thought to the work raching." Dr. Barry has not overstated truth when he says of these sermons, ched to country congregations, and certainly ng nothing which, by intelligent attention, agregations could not follow, they may yet ggestive reading for men of the highest .... They seem to read a lesson as to "A IT is stated that the Empress of Austria has purchased a fount of type and a press, in order that she may print a collection of her own literary writings. MR. EGMONT HAKE's Story of Chinese Gordon has already reached a seventh edition in the course of about as many weeks. MR. HAWEIS's new book, My Musical Life, published last week, has been re-issued in two volumes to satisfy the demands of the lending libraries. MR. ARTHUR L. HARDY, the author of the article on the Serbian poet Radichevic h in the February number of Macmillan's, is now contributing to the Bohemian journal Slovanský Sborník a series of articles on English writers Ilchester foundation at Oxford. on Slavonic subjects, with special notice of the the THE Index Society has now ready for publication the first volume of the Index to the Obituary and Biographical Notices in Gentleman's Magazine, which has always been one of the main objects of the society from the time of its foundation. This volume covers the first fifty years of the existence of the Gentleman's-from 1731 to 1780-and has been compiled by Mr. R. Henry Farrar. It will be issued in the usual way to members of the society, and is also offered at the subscription price of one guinea to all who apply to the hon. secretary, J. Fenton, Esq., John Street, Adelphi, W.C. Sermons preached in Clifton College Chapel, 1879-1883. By J. M. Wilson. (Macmillan.) The head-master of Clifton College has printed these sermons in compliance with a request from some of the masters and "old boys." SOME further additions to the "Eminent further reason for publishing them is in order that parents of boys in the college, or intended Women" series will be Harriet Martineau, by for the college, may have an opportunity of Mrs. Fenwick Miller; Elizabeth Fry, by Mrs. knowing something about the religious influ-Pitman; Mdme. de Staël, by Miss Bella Duffy; ences to which their sons will be submitted.' and Mdme. Roland, by Miss Mathilde Blind. We have read these sermons with much interest. For simplicity, manliness, and moral earnestness they are perhaps not unworthy to hold a place in that group of remarkable school sermons which have followed and borne trace of the influence of the sermons of Thomas Arnold, such as Vaughan's Memorials of Harrow and Temple's Rugby Sermons. WE have also received: - Early Church History to the Death of Constantine, by the late Edward Backhouse, Edited and Enlarged by Charles Tylor (Hamilton, Adams, & Co.); The Gospel of Grace, by A. Lindesie (Cassells); Good, the Final Goal of Ill; or, the Better Life Beyond, Four Letters to Ven. Archdeacon Farrar by A Layman (Macmillan); Ceremonial Guide to Low Mass; or, Plain Directions for the Consecration and Administration of the Sacrament of the Holy Communion, adapted to the Use of the Church of England, by Two Clergymen (Pickering); &c., &c. MESSRS. WILSON AND M'CORMICK, of Glasgow, will begin, on March 1, the publication of a new illustrated monthly magazine, to be called the Glasgow University Review. The first number will contain, among other interesting features, a drawing of the gateway of the Old College, Glasgow. The same publishers will issue in a few days Iberian Sketches; or, Travels in Portugal and the North-west of Spain, by Miss Leck. MR. CHARLES MARVIN'S pamphlet, Baku, the Petrolia of Europe, which was published a few weeks ago with the aim of drawing the attention of English statesmen to the results likely to accrue from the development of the Russian petroleum region, has provoked so much attention among commercial men that the first edition is exhausted, and a second thousand, revised and enlarged, will appear next week. HERR GROTE, of Berlin, announces a series of reprints of old German books, to be issued in a handsome form and in a limited edition. The first is to be a reprint of the first edition of Luther's translation of the New Testament, which appeared at Wittenberg in September 1522. It will have reproductions of wood-blocks of the school of Luke Cranach, and a Preface by Prof. Koestlin, of Halle. Society came into being; with Some Notes on UNDER the title of "How the Browning the Characteristics and Contrasts of Browning's Early and Late Work," Mr. Furnivall has reprinted, as a penny tract (Trübner), his speeches at the inaugural meeting of the Browning Society on October 28, 1881. THE University of St. Andrews has resolved to confer the degree of LL.D. upon Mr. J. Russell Lowell, the Rev. W. Gunion Rutherford (who is one of its own alumni), Prof. Henry Sidgwick, and Prof. O. Henrici. THE Browning Society has had to change its THE New York Critic states-perhaps half-honorary secretary. Miss E. H. Hickey retires playfully-that Mr. Matthew Arnold's lecture by her doctor's orders, and it is hoped that on Emerson has been entirely fatal to his repu- Mr. J. Dykes Campbell, now a member of the tation in New England; but that, on the other committee, will take her post, THE Aristotelian Society for the Systematic Study of Philosophy has changed its place of meeting to the rooms of the Royal Asiatic Society at 22 Albemarle Street. THE New Shakspere Society will have an extra meeting on Friday, February 29, for Mr. G. Bernard Shaw's paper on "Troilus and Cressida," and another on Friday, May 30, for the papers by Mr. Crosby and Prof. Caro, which were inadvertently put down for Good Friday, April 11. THE annual "old boys' " dinner of University College School will be held on Tuesday next, February 19, at the Holborn Restaurant, at 7 p.m., with Dr. George Buchanan in the chair. We have received the second part of vol. ii. of the Transactions of the Glasgow Archaeological Society (Glasgow: MacLehose), containing some six papers read before the society, an obituary notice of the late Alexander Galloway, and an Index to vols. i. and ii. Among the papers we would specially notice one on the etymology of the word " Glasgow" by Mr. W. G. Black, which seems a very fair summing up of all that is known, or likely to be known, on the subject. DR. JOHN WESTBY GIBSON, the editor of Modern Thought, writes to us that the paragraph in last week's ACADEMY referring to that magazine "is not true in any particular.' regret that we should have allowed it to appear. LIBRARY JOTTINGS. We PROF. EISENLOHR, of Heidelberg, writes to us that he has the authority of Miss Selina Harris to offer for sale the one remaining Greek papyrus which was found in the famous Crocodile Pit of Ma'abdey in 1850. The others, it will be remembered, were purchased by the British Museum from Miss Harris through Prof. Eisenlohr's agency in 1872. This papyrus, which is a book of nine sheets or eighteen leaves of eleven inches and three-quarters in length by five inches and a quarter in breadth, has on the recto Iliad ii. 101-end, iii. (entire), and iv. 1-40; and on the verso 121 lines of Tpúpavos τεχνὴ γραμματική. THE great work of cataloguing the Greek and Latin MSS. in the Vatican, upon which the two Messrs. Stevenson--father and sonhave been engaged for some years, will soon bear fruit. Publication has been delayed by the re-organisation of the Papal printing office, for these Catalogues (like that of the Oriental MSS.) will bear the imprint "Typis Vaticanis." Two volumes, however, are now entirely printed, both of which deal with the Palatine collection. The Greek MSS. have been treated by the elder Mr. Stevenson; the Latin MSS. (which will form two volumes) by his son. The collection of Queen Christina will probably also be finished before the end of the present year, and then the Vatican Library proper will be taken up. In the meantime a member of the French School at Rome, M. de Nolhac, has been examining a special department of classical MSS. in the Vaticanthe famous library of Fulvio Orsini, which contains not only many MSS. but also several early printed texts marginally annotated by scholars of the fifteenth century. A MS. has been discovered in the library of Arezzo containing several unpublished writings of St. Hilary of Poitiers, including his treatise De Mysteriis, which was supposed to be lost, and a series of hymns. It also contains an Itinerary of Palestine and other Eastern countries which appears to date from the fourth century. from the amount of money realised, which was altogether just over one thousand pounds. The prize of the sale was a copy of the Birds (1821), with annotations by Bewick himself explaining the tail-pieces, &c., which fetched 100 guineas. The next highest prices were the Fables (1820), £12 12s.; Aesop (1823), The Completest Angling Book, and Burns's Poems, each £5; the Quad rupeds, £3 5s.; The Looking-Glass for the Mind, £2 12s.; Mr. D. C. Thomson's Life of Bewick, Bewick's malacca cane went for £2 10s., and his tobacco-box for £2 2s. logue was adorned with prints from Bewick's The sale Catablocks which had never before been published. The whole of the engraved blocks themselves are reserved for a sale that will be held in London some time this spring. £4. [FAB. 16, 1884.-No. 615. Baltic provinces of Russia, collecting the folklore of the Esthonian and Lettish population. MR. CLOUSTON is engaged in preparing, from the unique Persian MS. of the Sindibad Namah in the library of the India Office, a new edition of "The Book of the Seven Viziers." It has been ascertained that Falconer's translation omits one entire story and parts of two others. THE Rev. Walter Gregor, of Pitsligo, Aberdeenshire, who is collecting for Count Mantica the horse, will be glad to receive communicathe English and Scottish proverbs relating to tions on the subject. CAPT. R. C. TEMPLE, of the Bengal Staff Corps, whose labours in the publication of the THE last "Rough List," being No. 68, issued has begun the issue of a Panjab Notes and Queries, by Mr. Bernard Quaritch, consists almost folk-lore of Northern India are indefatigable, entirely of his purchases at the recent sale of authentic notes and scraps of information re'devoted to the systematic collection of Dr. A. C. Burnell's library, of which we may garding the country and the people." It is tion." There may here be found no less than Press, Allahabad. The annual subscription in well believe that he acquired the “ major por-printed-and well printed too-at the Pioneer 1,174 lots (by no means identical with volumes), this country, through Messrs. Trübner, is 108. with the price of each attached. This is quite distinct from The Legends of the Panjab, which Capt. Temple is also issuing in monthly parts. A third work which he has in of Panjabis. the press is a Dissertation on the Proper Names AN examination of library assistants will be held at Paris in the Bibliothèque d'Arsenal next didate must possess a fair knowledge of German. May. One of the conditions is that every canThe entire programme may be commended to which appointed a committee to deal with the the attention of our own Library Association, question some time ago. EARLY-ENGLISH JOTTINGS. THE facsimile of the eighth-century Epinal MS.-the earliest document in existence containing Anglo-Saxon words-having been sent out without an Index of those words, Mr. Furnivall has compiled a list of them (twelve or thirteen hundred in number); and, when revised by some Anglo-Saxon scholars, it will be sent round to the holders of the 1,000 copies of the facsimile. PROF. KÖLBING's edition of the pretty EarlyEnglish romance of Amis and Amiloun, together with its Old-French original, is now in the press, and will be published in April. MR. OSKAR SOMMER is editing, for the Early(or Robertson's) Legend of St. Mary Magdalene English Text Society, Dr. Thomas Robinson's from the only known copies in the British Museum and Bodleian Libraries. The Museum copy has been revised throughout by a later hand, who has modernised all the hard words. Stow MS. 669 will be edited by Herr Stiehler, THE unique Lives of English saints in the of the University of Leipzig. MR. P. Z. ROUND will edit, for the EarlyEnglish Text Society, the old Kentish treatise on the Virtues, &c., of about A.D. 1200, which Dr. Richard Morris thought of taking up, but He will, cannot now find time for. help Mr. Round so far as he can. 66 66 however, IN an essay on Cynewulf and the Riddles," in the last number of the Anglia, Prof. Trautfirst Old-English riddle. According to H. Leo, mann, of Bonn, presents a new solution of the the problem of this riddle is the name of Cynewulf." Prof. Trautmann rejects this opinion as impossible, and shows that the first riddle means the riddle." In the second part of his essay, he proves that the last riddle also means 'the riddle," and that there is no reason whatever to attribute the authorship of the Old-English riddles to Cynewulf. FOLK-LORE JOTTINGS. THE Bewick sale, which took place at Newcastle-on-Tyne on three days of last week, was WE hear that Mr. Kaarle Krohn, the son of interesting rather from its associations than Dr. Krohn, of Wasa, is now travelling in the THE firm of Henninger, of Heilbronn, announce a second series of Kрurтádia, to be issued by subscription in an edition of only 135 copies, at the price of twenty marks. DR. LUDWIG-FRITZE, of Drossen, has pubinto German of the Pantschatantra, which has lish, with Schulze, of Leipzig, a new translation at least the merit of being written in a most polished literary style. We believe that Benfey's version (1859) has now become quite a rare book. 66 .J suspicion, of the survival in a certain district of WE heard lately, from a source that is above Yorkshire of a practice bearing no little resemblance to the couvade. When an illegitimate child is born, it is a point of honour with the girl not to reveal the father; but the mother of the girl forthwith goes out to look for him, and the first man she finds keeping his bed is he. WE have received Part 5 of the Schweizerischer ing Idiotilon (Aw-uw to Fal-ful). Under the headdialectic variations, we Vwel, Öuel, Aül," with twelve other about the owl. The verb "to howl" (üwlen, find much folk-lore huwel-N.H.D. heulen) is to call out" wie die Eule, Üwel." To "hunt with an owl instead capacities. of a falcon" is to make use of meaner Everybody takes his own owl to be a falcon" is an old proverb. As light as an owl" is a saying taken from the contrast between the bird's bulk and its actual weight. Owl-light" (Huwel-licht) is in use as an adjective. "It is three pounds lighter than one owl is a saying in Aargau. In Luzern, men swear by the owl"-bim Heuel!" The owls which appear at a window are witches, or perhaps accursed men. owl is fastened to a poplar-tree, or a barnIn canton Luzern an door, as a protection against lightning. 66 FRENCH JOTTINGS. M. D'ARBOIS DE JUBAINVILLE, Professor of Celtic at the Collège de France, who is well known in this country by his mission some two years ago to study the Irish MSS. in our public libraries, has been elected a member of the Académie des Inscriptions in the place of the late François Lenormant. His competitors were MM. Benoist and Schlumberger. presidency of M. Pierre Laffitte, the head of the A COMMITTEE has been formed under the French Positivists, to celebrate the centenary of Diderot, who died on July 30, 1784. Other members of the committee are MM. Spuller, Ranc, Jules Roche, and Dr. Robinet. THE Académie française, with the hope of hastening, if possible, the completion of its Dictionary, has changed the day of its weekly meetings from Friday to Tuesday, so as to leave Fridays entirely free for dictionary work. FORTY members of the Paris Municipality have signed a proposal to call one of the new streets in the Quartier des Ecoles after the name of Darwin. ACCORDING to a rumour which has found its way into Le Livre, the publication may be expected shortly (but not, we suppose, in France) of a collection of letters between the Duke de Morny and Napoleon III., which have been stolen from the heirs of the Duke. GEN. LEBRUN is said to be engaged on a military history of the last five years of the reign of Napoleon III. ANOTHER interesting work announced is the Histoire d'un Savant par un Ignorant. It is a popular account of M. Pasteur and his scientific discoveries by his son-in-law, M. Vallery Radot. Geschichte des dreissigjährigen Krieges, von Felix Stieve, Vol. V.-Die Politik Bayerns, 15911607, Part II. (Munich: Rieger);. La Recidiva nei Reati: Studio sperimentale, Giuseppe Orano (Rome: Carlo); Peter Abülard: ein kritischer Theologe des zwölften Jahrhunderts, von S. M. Deutsch (Leipzig: Hirzel; London: Williams & Norgate); Die Verfassung des Frünkischen Reichs, von Georg Waitz, Vol. II., Part II., Deutsche Verfassungsgeschichte, Vol. III., Part II., Second Edition (Kiel: Homann); Histoire de l'Académie impériale et royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres de Bruxelles, par Ed. Mailly, in two volumes (Brussels: Hayez); Geschichte der christlichen Religionsphilosophie seit der Reformation, von G. Ch. Bernhard Pünjer, Vol. II.von Kant bis auf die Gegenwart (Brunswick Schwetschke; London: Nutt); Sprachgebranch und Sprachrichtigkeit im Deutschen, von Karl Gustaf Andresen, Third and Enlarged Edition (Heilbronn Henninger); Croquis artistiques et littéraires, par James Condamin (Paris: Leroux); Bruchstücke einer vorhieronymianischen Uebersetzung des Pentateuch, aus einem Palimpseste der k. Hof- und Staatsbibliothek zu München zum ersten Male veroffentlicht, von Leo Ziegler, mit einer photo-lithographischen Tafel (Munich: Riedel); Aleander am Reichstage zu Worms, von Karl Jansen (Kiel: Lipsius & Tischer); Raetoromanische Grammatik, von Th. Gartner (Heilbronn: Henninger); Percy Bysshe Shelley, von H. Druskowitz (Berlin: Oppenheim); Manuel du Démagogue, par Raoul Frary (Paris: Cerf); Usi et Costumi abruzzesi, Fiabe descritte da Antonio de Nino, Vol. III. (Florence: Barbèra); Storia della Letteratura latina, compendiata ad uso dei Licei da Onorato Occioni (Turin: Paravia); A. W. Schlegels Vorlesungen über Schöne Litteratur und Kunst, Part I., 1801-1802, Die Kunstlehre (Heilbronn: Henninger); Kometische Strömungen auf der Erdoberfläche, von L. Graf von Pfeil (Berlin : Hempel); Das Princip der Infinitesimal-Methode und seine Geschichte, von Hermann Cohen (Berlin: Dümmler); Ueber das Richtige, von Julius Bergmann (Berlin: Mittler); Christliche Philosophie, von G. Maass (Jena: Pohle); Ueber den Utilitarianismus, von Julius Bergmann (Marburg: Elwert); Common Sensibles, von Theodor Lowy (Leipzig: Grieben); L'Enseignement supérieur de l'Histoire à Paris, par Paul WE have received a pamphlet entitled Dés- Frédéricq (Paris: Chamerot); La Création et gord des Protestants avec St-Paul et l'Evan-Evolution, par E. Doumergue, and Théologie Paris: Dentu), which may be commended to all interested in the literature of Christian Socialism. The writer, whose contributions to the subject have been numerous, has inaugurated a new phase of this philosophy; and, singular as her doctrines may appear, they deserve attention for the sincerity and courageousness with which they are set forth. M. LISIEUX announces a French translation of the complete works of the Venetian poet Giorgio Baffo, in four volumes, at the price of 200 irs. (£8). M. GUSTAVE FAGNIEZ has reprinted from the Berue historique his paper on "The Industrial State of France under Henri IV.," which is intended to be introductory to a large work on the same subject. In reply to a request to join the committee for erecting a statue to Balzac, M. Edmond de Goncourt wrote as follows:- En ce temps de statuomanie a l'aveuglette, je trouve véritablement très distingué pour les génies comme Balzac de n'avoir point de statue, et je décline l'honneur de faire partie de la commission d'étude convoquée sous vos auspices." Ir is proposed to place memorial tablets on the houses in Paris where Chateaubriand and Scribe died, and where Charles Rollin, the historian, was born. MR. FISHER UNWIN has been appointed agent in this country for Le Livre. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. et Religion, par Ch. Secrétan (Lausanne: Imer); Geschichte der Deutschen Litteratur, von Franz Hirsch, Parts IV. and V. (Leipzig: Friedrich); Kants Theorie der Materie, von August Stadler (Leipzig: Hirzel); Das Universitäts studium in J. Conrad (Jena: Fischer); Anales Estadísticos Deutschland während der letzten 50 Jahre, von de la Republica de Guatemala, Año de 1882; Saggi di Pedagogia, di N. R. d' Alfonso (Turin: Paravia); &c., &c. MAGAZINES AND REVIEWS. THE last two numbers of the China Review contain several articles of value. The number for July and August opens with an able review of Dr. Chalmers's work on the structure of the Chinese characters, by Mr. J. H. Stewart Lockhart, who also contributes an Index to the Phonetic Shwoh wan in the current number. 'K.'s" article on Chinese guilds and their rules is interesting, as is also Mr. Parker's dissertation on the dialect of the classical district of Yang-chow Fu. In the same number Mr. Kleinwachter continues his remarks on the origin of the Arabic numerals, and Mr. Jordan contributes an extremely interesting account of the residence in the island of Hainan of the exiled statesman and poet Su Tung-p'o, which is supplemented in the current number by a record of a recent journey through the island by the Rev. B. C. Henry. In both zur | numbers also occur notices of the Yih King, or We have on our table the following foreign books and pamphlets:-Erlebtes: Meine Meorien aus der Zeit von 1848 bis 1866 und von 1573 bis jetzt von Hermann Wagner, Part I. Berlin: Pohl; London: Trübner); Le Opere Maccheroniche di Merlin Cocai: Attilio Portioli Mantua: Mondovi); Prométhée, Pandore, et la Légende des Siècles: Essai d'Analyse de queles Légendes d'Hésiode, par Georges Wlasof(St. Petersburg: Imperial Academy of cence); Le Kahlenberg: Notes de Voyage et Histoire, par Joseph Roy (Lyons: Dizain); Lanues Turmair's Genannt Aventinus sämmtThe Werke, Vol. IV., Part II.-Bayerische Chronik, Book II., and Vol. III., Part I. Anales Ducum Boiariae, Books V. and VI., Munich Kaiser); Briefe und Acten : "Book of Changes." In the first, Dr. Chalmers quotes from a native newspaper a notice of the views of Prof. Terrien de La Couperie, in which the Chinese writer so far agrees with the French "text apscholar as to hold that there was pended to the names of the Hexagrams before the time of King Wan." Dr. Edkins, too, states in an article on the Yih King in the current number So far he will that this is his opinion also. go with Prof. de La Couperie, but no farther; and he considers that the book was in its origin, as it undoubtedly afterwards became, a work on divination. Mr. Jamieson's account of the 66 66 Tributary Nations of China" will be read with interest at the present time; and Mr. Graves's article on the Aryan roots in Chinese should be accepted rather as a recreation in philology,' as the author himself calls it, than as a serious contribution to science. Both numbers conclude with notices of new books and with notes and queries. IN the Nuova Antologia of January 15, Sig. Nencioni writes on "Humour and Humorists." His article is interesting as showing how thoroughly English humour is appreciated in Italians Italy, and serves as a standard by which the Fiorentino gives a biographical sketch of an judge their Own writers. Sig. illustrious Neapolitan lady, Maria of Aragon, who married Alfonso Davalos, Marquis of Vasto, cousin of the more famous Marquis of Pescara, who was the husband of Vittoria Colonna. Donna Maria was a lady of culture whose life well deserves a record. ORIGINAL VERSE. JAMES THOMSON: "B. V." (Obiit June 3, 1882.) On reading the Memoir prefixed to "A Voice from the Nile." POET! whose faith, love, hope lay dead so soon, But whose strong will through years of "termless Hell" Thy place knows thee no more. Thy long-craved Could still sustain thy mortal frame so well: boon* Surprised thee on that happy day in June, When Death bade thee of Earth take thy farewell, And led thee to his fair domain to dwell, Far from these pale cold "glimpses of the moon.' There thou didst find for all thy uncured woes, Thy yearnings unfulfilled, and bitter tears, "Dateless oblivion and divine repose": For that sure sleep which no awak'ning knows Freed thee at last, after long weary years, From all this Earth's vain hopes and joys and fears. * Vide "The City of Dreadful Night " and "To Our Ladies of Death," passim. ALEX. LOVE. THE SOCIÉTÉ DE L'ORIENT LATIN. As the labours of this society, founded in 1878, under the presidency of the Marquis de Vogue, upon the model of an English printing club, and taking as its exemplars the publications of the English Rolls Series, are yet but little known on this side the Channel, we take the opportunity of the recent introduction of its volumes to the shelves of the British Museum to call attention to them. On two sides at least, if not for their general scope, they ought to attract the interest of many Englishmen-the interest attaching to the mediaeval history of Palestine, such as is here gratified by ancient descriptions of places, itineraries, and travels now collected or brought to light; and the part played by our countrymen in the Crusades and Eastern affairs of the Middle Ages either as narrators or as actors. and Scandinavia-truly a Herculean labour. "L'Orient latin" includes the kingdoms of Jerusalem, Cyprus, and Armenia, the principalities of Antioch and Achaia, and the Latin empire of Constantinople. There are The Reports of the society are well worth scattered among public and private libraries attention both for the future work they anover Europe large numbers of rare and unpub-nounce and for the biographical notices of lished documents, valuable for the historical or deceased members, such as Titus Tobler, geographical knowledge of the Middle Ages or de Saulcy, and Paulin Paris, which give for Biblical archaeology, untouched by Michaud, the charm of personal interest to their labours. and not within the range of the great "Recueil Three volumes in preparation of Latin, Greek, des Historiens des Croisades" of the Académie and Italian Itinera, the Cronica de Morea, the des Inscriptions that storehouse of material for Recit versifié de la 1re Croisade founded on Baudri study of the Latin East-such as letters, le Dol, and especially the Gestes des Ciprois, the descriptions of the Holy Land, narratives of valuable Franco-Cypriote chronicle written in pilgrimages, chronicle-poems, &c., &c. These 1343 by Jean de Miège, recently discovered the society purposes, under the careful direction by M. Carlo Perrin, all testify to the activity of the untiring secretary, Count Riant, to col- and the enthusiasm of the society, while the lect, methodise, and publish in two series (I., names of MM. Riant, Clermont-Ganneau, P. Geographical; II., Historical) to be arranged Meyer, Morel-Fatio, C. Desimoni, and other and issued, so far as possible, in chronological editors are guarantees for scientific faithfulness order, so that all the most ancient, of what- and historic criticism. The secretary* invites ever language, should appear together; "thus the co-operation of all who may have MSS. one may complete the other," the aim being to under their care in the unearthing of what may form "a chronological parallelism " when the relate to these subjects. publications are complete. Important publications patronnées by the Thus we have in vols. i. and ii. of the Geo-society (i.e., sold at a reduced price to members) graphical Series, edited by the late Dr. T. are the valuable works of M. G. Schlumberger, Tobler and M. Aug. Molinier, a collection of Numismatique de l'Orient latin and Sigillosixteen Latin Itineraries to and about, or graphie byzantine; a fine heliotypic reproduction descriptions of, Palestine and its holy places, all of part of the fourteenth-century MS. "Chronof them written before the times of theologia Magna" at Venice, De Passagiis in TerCrusades, from the fourth to the ninth centuries, ram Sanctam; and last, but not least, Archives except one of the eleventh century-Qualiter de l'Orient latin, of which tome i. only has sita est Jerusalem. Thus, the fact of early yet appeared, which contains critical and bibliopilgrimages to Jerusalem is brought home to graphical essays and miscellaneous documents in us when we read the details of an Itinerary four groups, among which we can only point from Bordeaux to Jerusalem in 333, or out Count Riant's critical Inventory of letters the "Descriptio parrochiae Jerusalem " about relating to the crusades 768 to 1093, and Antoninus Martyr, Arculfus, and a paper on Philippe de Mézières and his our own Bede each contribute-the first in Order, Militia Passionis Christi. From certain Perambulatio locorum sanctorum," the others papers that we have seen of the forthcoming "De sanctis locis"-materials towards the early tome ii., some of which concern a Swinburne, topography of Palestine. Vol. iii. of this Shakspere's Mowbray Duke of Norfolk, and series (1882) consists of the same kind of other English pilgrims to the East, these documents in French of the eleventh, twelfth, volumes promise to be of the highest interest. and thirteenth centuries, edited by MM. Miche- To complete the high order of the society's lant and G. Raynaud. This most interesting work, Count Riant has also initiated a Bibliovolume includes, among others, an Itinerary graphie de l'Orient latin, while full Indices are from London to Jerusalem attributed to given to each publication. Matthew Paris, part of the "Chanson du Voyage L. TOULMIN SMITH. de Charlemagne à Jerusalem " (corrected by M. Gaston Paris), and several pieces dealing with pilgrimages and roads in Palestine, Acre, and Babylon, and with villages in Syria-"Les Casans de Sur." 460. The "Historical Series" with a poem, opens important for the history of Cyprus and the East, by Guillaume de Machaut, the poetstatesman, who, having special opportunities for information, wrote "La Prise d'Alexandrie; on Chronique du Roi Pierre Ier de Lusignan" in the beginning of the fourteenth century (ed. M. de Las Matrie, with valuable Preface and Chronological Table, 1877). Vols. ii. and iii. of this series, both edited by Dr. R. Röhricht, of Berlin, relate to the Fifth Crusade, the historical sources for which had not received so much attention as those for the other crusades. Vol. ii., Quinti Belli Sacri Scriptores Minores (1879), contains eight pieces, covering events from 1217 to 1220, of which the first is "Ordinacio de predicacione S. Crucis in Anglia,' 1216, attributed to Philip of Oxford, from the Oxford MS. Balliol 167; the Siege of Damietta, May 1218 to November 1219, is dealt with by three others, of which one is a fragment of a Provençal poem on the taking of the city, important for its facts, here edited by M. Paul Meyer. Vol. iii., Testimonia minora de Quinto Bello Sacro e chronicis occidentalibus (1882), brings together all the "breviores ac leviores relationes" which appear in the published or unpublished Chronicles of Belgium, Great Britain, France, Germany, Spain, Hungary and Dalmatia, Italy, the Latin East, SELECTED FOREIGN BOOKS. ABOUT, E. De Pontoise à Stamboul. Paris: Hachette. Ein Beitrag zur Revision der Theorie vom subjectiven Recht. Berlin: Guttentag. 7 M. DUVEYRIER, H. La Confrérie musulmane de Sidi Mohammed ben 'Ali Es-Senoûsi et son Domaine prudenz. 2. Lfg. Würzburg: Stahel. 4 M. 40 Pf. MICHELET, J. Ma Jeunesse. Paris: Calmann Lévy. Mosca, G. Sulla Teorica dei Governi e sul Governo holm: Seligmann. 2 Kr. 50 ö. Prochaska. 5 M. 50 Pf. 3 fr. 50 c. France. FABRE. J. Jeanne Darc, Libératrice de SIGISMONDO DE' CONTI DA FOLIGNO. La Storia de' suoi LAUCHE, W. Deutsche Pomologie. Aepfel. _2. Folge. 25 M. Birnen. 2. Folge. 25 M. Berlin: Parey. Neapel. 5. Bd. 1. Hft. Leipzig: Engelmann. 20 M. MUELLER, G. Zur Morphologie der Scheidewände bei einigen Palythoa u. Zoanthus. Heidelberg: Winter. 1 M. 40 Pf. PUBLICATIONEN der astronomischen Gesellschaft, XVII. Leipzig: Engelmann. 5 M. ROLLE, F. Die hypothetischen Organismen-Reste in Meteoriten. Wiesbaden: Bergmann. 80 Pf. CORRESPONDENCE. THE LIBRARY AT FONTARABIA. London: Feb. 11, 1884. The news of the discovery of a complete library in the crypt of the church of the Franciscan monastery of Fontarabia, announced (from the Euskal Erria) in the ACADEMY of December 22, 1883, turns out to be unfounded. My friend Don Claudio Otaegui, one of the best Basque poets of the province of Guipuzcoa, and now residing at Fontarabia, on whose assurance the readers of the ACADEMY may perfectly rely, writes to me to give the most emphatic denial to the news of such a discovery, which it would have been his interest to make known to the public if it had been fortunately correct. L.-L. BONAPARTE. THE SEA-BLUE BIRD OF MARCH." Queen Anne's Mansions: Feb. 6, 1884. What is the "sea-blue bird of March Memoriam, xci.), and where did the Laureate Οὗ μ' ἐτι, παρθενικαὶ μελιγαρυες ἱερόφωνοι, Skimming the sea-foam with a fearless heart! "Nicht forthin, o melodisch, o feierlich singende Jungfraun, Kann mich tragen der Fuss. Lasst, lasst mich zum Kerylos werden, Der auf dem Saume der Flut mit den Halkyonen einherfliegt, Mit unweichlichem Muth, ein purpurner Vogel des Frühlings." WHITLEY STOKES, HALLER AS A POET. Ealing: Feb. 12, 1884. I do not know whether the name of Albert von Haller is as well known as it deserves in general literature. In science he is recognised as the "father of modern physiology; but he merits almost as much the distinction of father of modern poetry. One is so much impressed with the desolations of the Thirty Years' War that one is apt to think that the German Muses between Luther and Lessing had retired from business. But a reference to the little volume now before me-Gedichte des Herrn v. Haller (Zürich, 1758)-shows that a century and a-half ago this Swiss man of science had anticipated, both in matter and in manner, a great part of the work of his successors in Teuton lands. He has not the curiosa felicitas of Tennyson, that earnest discovery of special epithets by which our great word-artist has signalised his originality. Nor does his volume contain any long work comparable to "Childe Harold," "Faust," or "The Excursion." But in descriptive, philosophic, lyrical, and elegiac poetry Haller may fairly be said to be precursor to Goethe, Byron, and Wordsworth, besides showing a vein of satire in which he has hardly been equalled, and certainly not surpassed. His poems are marked by sincerity of thought, directness of expression, and considerable skill in versification. As a rule, he adheres to iambic metres, but within those limits he is versatile enough. The dedicatory stanzas are a good specimen of his quality; and it is noticeable that he uses the arrangement since rendered so familiar by the author of "In Memoriam," though he avails himself of a peculiarity of the German language to make the second and third lines bear, invariably, double rhymes. Some of these I have attempted to imitate, preserving, as best I could, the very peculiar turn of thought suggested by the patriotic feeling of this native of the old Swabian canton of Berne. "Old Switzerland's intrepid sense The roughest mood most keenly relished, The land that Freedom's sceptre hallows Indifferent to minor charm is, Scared at her sternly featured armies The Muse her smile may well conceal. "Hence, in this highly favoured land Strong is the Chief, his Bard no stronger; Kind Heaven, I think, no crown refuses, Haller was born at Berne, 1708, and died AN ESTHONIAN MYTH OF DAWN AND Thornton Lodge, Goxhill, Hull: Feb. 6, 1884. At a time when folk tales are the subject of a great and ever-increasing interest, the appended Esthonian tale may perhaps elicit information on the subject it deals with from some of your orrespondents. It was sent to me by my Kurteous and learned Finnish friend, Mr. K. Kuhn, who has done so much in collecting the Eyebrows black as a dung beetle.' Sitik mustad silmakulmud."] The forest robber, Wolf, who now had all in his To the furrows! to the furrows! Fetch the tsät! tsät!' ["Laisk tüdruk, laisk tüdruk, ööpik! kiriküüt, a sea. The innocent tears did not fall unob served by Vana-isa [the old father]. He stepped when the whole world rejoices, and the small birds and wife.' But they both replied together, COMPARATIVE MYTHOLOGY. Settrington: Feb. 11, 1884. The burghers of a certain city, not having fired the usual salute when a royal personage landed at their port, submitted seventeen reasons to justify the omission. The first reason on the list-namely, that they did not possess a cannon-was at once accepted by his Majesty as a valid excuse, without examination of the other sixteen. Possibly Mr. Lang may have a reason equally conclusive for declining to accept my challenge to settle our little controversy by specifying a few Greek myths which have been successfully interpreted by the Hottentotic process. But the reason which he actually assigns ranks rather as one of the sixteen. He pleads that Kuhn once instanced a savage myth as an "illustration" of a Greek myth. To this no scholar could object. But when Mr. Lang proceeds to designate Maori myths as "variants of Greek myths, this is a wholly different matter, and I must enter a necessary protest. The Greeks engrafted on the primitive Aryan epos sundry elements derived from Phoenicia, Hence Vedic hymns, Nibelungen lays, Semitic from Babylonia, and possibly even from Egypt. legends, cuneiform tablets, and the Book of the Dead may present earlier and more transparent versions of Greek myths. Thus it is perfectly legitimate for Duncker to endeavour to explain the twelve labours of Heracles by reference to the twelve zodiacal labours of Baal Melcarth, the Tyrian Sungod. But Maori and Hottentot myths must, in their origin, be wholly independent of the ancient historic mythologies. We may legitimately use them with Kuhn as "illustrations" of Greek myths, but not with Mr. Lang as variants,' ," in the sense in which Babylonian, Norse, or Indian myths may be "variants" of parallel Greek legends. 66 In this respect comparative mythology stands We may explain the pronominal suffixes of the on the same footing as comparative philology. Greek verb by aid of the more transparent accidence of Sanskrit or Lithuanian; the languages are connected-sisters or first cousins. An occasional "illustration" of Greek grammar might possibly be obtained from Central Africa, but no scientific philologist would designate the Hottentot suffixes as "variants" of the Greek case endings. Here is the Homoiousion where the paths of orthodoxy and heterodoxy diverge; and here is the point where Kuhn, with all "true scholars in his train, parts untutored anthropologist,' company from the nates himself. as Mr. Lang, with over-much modesty, desigISAAC TAYLOR. THE STORY OF THE PELICAN FEEDING ITS |