XLI.]

CONTINUED EXAMPLES.

133

speech and inexplicable"; ix, 1, "justifications of service"; 2, "proposition of loaves "; 3, "Sancta Sanctorum"; 28, " to exhaust the sins of many "; xii, 2, "sustained the cross, contemning confusion"; xiii, 7, "your prelates "; 16, " with such hostes God is premerited."

James i, 17, "with whom is no transmutation"; 27, "pupilles and widowes"; ii, 7, "the good name that is invocated upon you."

1 Peter i, 2, "according to the prescience of God"; 5, “by the vertue of God are kept"; iii, 20, “incredulous sometime"; iv, 12, "think it not strange in the fervour which is to you for a tentation "; 13, "but communicating with the passions of Christ "; v, 5, "insinuate humilitie one to another."

2 Peter i, 3, "his own proper glory and virtue"; 7, “love of the fraternitie"; ii, 13, "coinquinations and spots"; iii, 13, "in which justice inhabiteth."

1 John iii, 1, 'behold what manner of charitie the Father hath given us"; iv, 3, "every spirit that dissolveth Jesus is not of God"; 16, "God is charitie."1

3 John 9, "he that loveth to bear the primacy among them."

Jude i, 4, "were long ago prescribed unto this judgment, denying the only Dominator."

Rev. i, 10, "Dominical day"; ii, 14, "to cast a scandal before"; iii, 17, "a miser and miserable"; xiv, 11, "if any man take the character of his name "; xxii, 14, "that wash their stoles"; 17, "let him take the water of life gratis.'

Some phrases are not so cramped and narrow as those given, or as that which occurs in Romans xiv, 19, "Therfore the things that are of peace let vs pursue: and the things that are of edifying one toward an other let vs keepe." And there are some freer renderings-Matt. viii, 29,2" What is between us?"

ix, 2,1 "have a good heart"; xxi, 41,2 "he will bring to naught”; Mark ii, 1,3" after some days "; 15,4" he sat at meat"; Luke xviii, 14,5 "more than he "; John xii, 2,6 " them that sat at the table"; 6,7 "not because he cared for the poor "; Acts ix, 11,8 "Loe, here I am, Lord"; x, 10,9 "to take somewhat"; xvii, 4,10 "that served God"; 5,11 "of the rascal sort."

They explain some of the words used in a stricter Latin or Low Latin sense: as calumniate," to use violent oppression, 12 Luke iii, 14; "contristate," to make heavy and sad, Eph. iv, 30; i, 6, "grace wherein he hath gratified us, made gracious"; "prevarication" is transgression, as in Rom. ii, 23; "prefinition" means a determination before, as in Eph. iii, 11.

There are also not a few familiar Saxon phrases in the version-the English instincts of the translators were not wholly quenched or perverted:

Matt. ix, 24, “the multitude keeping a sturre"; x, 25, “goodman of the house "; xiv, 9, "the king was stricken sad"; xviii, 28, "throttled him"; xx, 1, "work man"; xxi, 44," it shal al to bruise him"; xxv, 27, "bankers"; xxvii, 5, "hanged himself with an halter."

Mark v, 36, "saith to the Archsynagogue "; 39, “why make you this a doe? the wench is not dead"; 41, "where the wench was lying"; ix, 7, "this is my son most dear."

Luke i, 65, "these things were bruited over all the hill countrie"; ii, 3, "all want to be enrolled"; 44, "kinsfolk and acquaintance"; viii, 22, "let us strike over the lake "; 33, "the herd. was stifled"; 35, "well in his wits"; xi, 25, "swept with a besom and trimmed"; xiii, 34, "as the bird doth her brood"; xv, 8, "what woman having ten grotes

1 "Confide."

2 "Male perdet."

3 "Post dies."

4"Accumberet."

5 "Ab illo."

6"Discumbentibus."

8 "Ecce ego, Domine."

9 "Gustare."

10" Colentibus."

11 "De Vulgo."

12 On "calumniate" in this sense

see the remarks of Cardinal Wise

7" Non quia de egenis pertinebat man, Works, vol. I, p. 86.

ad eum."

XLI.] GOOD RENDERINGS ADOPTED BY THE AUTHORIZED. 135

if she leese one grote"; xvi, 2, " bailiffe"; 4, "bailieship"; 9, "when you fail"; xviii, 2, "feared not God and of man made no account"; xx, 18, "every one that falleth upon this stone shall be quashed, and upon whom it shall fall, it shall break him to powder."

John iv, 5, "beside the maner that Jacob gave to his sonne"; viii, 44, "a mankiller from the beginning."

Acts ii, 30, “sit upon his seat"; v, 7, "not knowing what was chaunced"; viii, 2, " took order for Steven's funeral"; xvii, 18, "this wordsower."

1 Cor. viii, 1, “knowledge puffeth up," after the Genevan of 1560; xiv, 35, "it is a foul thing for a woman to speak in the church"; xv, 54, "this mortal hath done on immortalitie."

2 Cor. v, 4, "overclothed"; xii, 20, "stomakings."

2 Tim. iii, 13, “erring and driving into error."

his brother."

Heb. xii, 12, "stretche up the slacked handes "; 16, " for one dish of meat sold his first-birth-rightes."

1 Peter ii, 12, "misreport of you"; iii, 3, "whose trimming." 2 Peter ii, 4, “ with the ropes of Hell being drawn down into Hell"; iii, 8, "my dearest."

Rev. ii, 17, "a white counter."

But the Rhemist translators, though they make no mention of previous translations, kept before them both the Genevan and the Bishops', and have supplied not a few good renderings which were thankfully accepted by the revisers of King James. They have enriched the vocabulary of the Authorized Version. From them came "hymn" in Matt. xxvi, 30; and "blessed" in 26; "decease" in Luke ix, 31; "reprobate," Rom. i, 28; "impenitent," ii, 5; "commendeth," v, 8; and in the Epistle of James i, 5, “upbraideth not"; 5, “nothing doubting," "the engrafted word"; 21, "bridleth his tongue," the previous versions having "refraineth"; "unction," 1 John ii; and the word "mystery," "at his own charges," 1 Cor. ix, 7; " contemptible," 2 Cor. x, 10; 2 Tim. iii, 6, "silly "-the Bishops' having "simple" in brackets (mulierculas). They

have given us "confess for "knowledge," "propitiation," "seduce," "have confidence," "stumbling," and "understanding "all these in the first Epistle of John, and all directly from the Vulgate. Such Latin terms as "lucre," "superfluitie," "concupiscence," "tradition," "tribulation," "salute," &c., were in the older versions. They have also a special merit in preserving uniformity of rendering the want of which is a peculiar and pervading blemish in the Authorized Version. Many examples will afterwards be adduced under the head of Revision. When Gregory Martin remarked on the absence of uniformity, Fulke says little more in reply than this: "For my part I was never of counsel with any that translated the Scriptures into English, and therefore it is possible that I cannot sufficiently express what moved the translators so to vary in the exposition of one and the same word." 1 So closely do the Rhemists adhere to their text that, as they say themselves, they do not in the titles to the Gospels call the evangelists, St. Matthew, St. Mark, &c., though they do so on the tops of the leaves following to satisfie the reader." Had these scholarly Englishmen not been warped by their ecclesiastical prejudices, they would have issued a translation of the Vulgate greatly more exact and felicitous than any of those which their predecessors had given of the Greek text. The Rheims New Testament was once appealed to and rejected in very tragic circumstances. On the evening before her execution in Fotheringay Castle, the unfortunate Queen of Scots, laying her hand solemnly on a copy that happened to be on her work table, took a solemn oath of innocence, when the Earl of Kent at once interposed that the book on which she had sworn was false, and that her oath was therefore of no value. Her answer was prompt and decided-" Does your lordship suppose that my oath would be better, if I swore on your translation in which I do not believe?" 2

1 Defence, p. 89.

Douairière de France," reprinted in. 2 La Mort de la Reyne d'Escosse, Jebb's Collection, vol. II, p. 616.

CHAPTER XLII.

THE Old Testament was at length published at Douai in

1609-10.

"The Holie Bible Faithfully Translated into English out of The Avthentical Latin. Diligently conferred with the Hebrew, Greeke, and other Editions in diuers languages. With Argvments of the Bookes, and Chapters: Annotations: Tables: and other helpes, for better vnderstanding of the text; for discoverie of Corruptions in some latter translations and for clearing controuersies in Religion. By the English College of Doway. Spiritu Sancto inspirati, locuti sunt sancti Dei homines. 2 Pet. i. The holie men of God spake, inspired with the Holy Ghost. Printed at Doway by Lawrence Kellam, at the signe of the holie Lambe. M.D.C.X." Two volumes. This Bible has neither maps nor plates. A brief address on the last page says: "We have already found some faults escaped, but fearing there be more, and the whole volume being ere long to be examined again, we pray the courteous reader to pardon all and amend them as they occur." After the second book of Maccabees it is stated: "The prayer of Manasses, with the second and third books of Esdras, extant in most Latin and Vulgare Bibles, are here placed after al the Canonical books of the old Testament : because they are not received into the canon of Diuine Scriptures by the Catholique Church." The translation had been prepared many years previously, even before the appearance of the New Testament, but it was not published "for lack of good meanes," and, as is confessed, "our poor estate in banishment." It had also been finished before corrected editions of