Two of them were employed for that purpose, Zetes or Zethes, and Calais, the fons of Boreas and Orythyia, the daughter of Erechtheus, king of Athens, Ovid. Met. vi. 712. &c. who are faid to have had wings on their head and feet, Ib. The Harpies being chafed away by them from the house of Phineus, (Phinēta poflquam claufa domus,) Virg. ib. 212. fled to the islands called STROPHADES, where Æneas found them. Phineus now inftructed the Argonauts how to fail paft two islands in the mouth of the Pontus Euxinus, the one on the European, and the other on the Afiatic fide; (called INSULA CYANEE, Mel. ii. 7. or Cyanei montes, Stat. Theb. xi. 438. and SYMPLEGADES, becaufe they were faid fometimes to meet together*) by following the flight of a pigeon, Ovid. in Ibide, 267. Propert. ii. 22. 13.

Jafon having entered the Euxine fea, and failed paft the Symplegades, found in the island Dia the children of Phryxus, who had been wrecked there in their way to their grandfather Athămas. Jafon took them up and carried them with him to Colchis, COLCHIS, -idis, called alfo COLCHI, Ovid. ep. xii. 23. and COLCHOS, Horat. epod. v. 21. but the best editors here read IoLcOS. By their advice he landed his fhip in a retired place. They went before and related the kiudnefs of Jason to Chalciõpe, their mother, who introduced him to her fifter MEDEA, the daughter of etes, (Eēlias, -ădist,) who fell in love with him.

The conditions to which Jafon was obliged to fubmit before he could obtain the golden fleece, feemed in a manner impoffible. He had to force to the yoke the brazen footed bulls, whofe noftrils breathed flames, and to plough with them a field facred to Mars, never before tilled: then he had to kill the dragon, which guarded the fleece, and never flept and laft of all to fow in the ground which he had tilled the teeth of this dragon, which fhould fpring up into armed men, ready to attack him. All this was to be performed in prefence of

etes and the Colchians. The deftruction of Jafon appeared inevitable. But by the affiftance of Medea he came off fuccefsful. By her magic herbs, (cantatis herbis, Ovid. Met. vii. 98.) the rendered him invulnerable against the breath of the bulls: by throwing a ftone, according to her directions, among the

*Mediis CONCURRERE IN UNDIS), Ovid. Met. vii. 62.: Strab. iii. 149.; Plin. iv 13. Stat. v. 347. ; Ovid. Met. xv. 333. ep. xii. 121.; Hygin. 19.; Senec. Med. ii. 342. hence concurrentia jaxa CYANES, Juvenal. xv. 19. compreffi SYMPLE GADES, Ovid. ep. xii. 121. concurrentes cautes, 13. Amor. ii. 11. 3.

By Idya, the daughter of Oceanus; Cic. Nat. D. iii. 19. called alfo COLCHIS, -ilis, Ovid. Met. vii. 331. & 348. and PHASIAS, -ǎdis, from the river Phafis, Id. Art. Am. ii. 03. or PHASIS, -dis, Id. ep. xix. 176. PHASIAS ETINE, D. vi. 103.

Called PONTICUS SERPENS, Juvenal, xiv. 114.

armed

armed men which rofe from the ferpent's teeth*, they were turned against one another, fo that they fell by mutual flaughter, The dragon was lulled afleep by a certain juice. Jafon feized the golden fleece, and returned in triumph to his native country; accompanied by Medea, whom he afterwards married according to promife, Ovid. Met. vii. ep. vi. & xii. Medea carried along with her ABSYRTUS, v. -tes, her brother, a boy; whom, when she heard that her father was in pursuit of her, the tore in pieces, and threw down his members in different places by the way, at a distance from one another; that while etes gathered the fcattered limbs of his child, she might make her efcape +.

The return of Jafon to Theffaly (ad Hemonias urbes) was celebrated with the greateft joy. The fhip Argo was changed into a ftar, Stat. Ach. ii. 363. The fleece was fufpended in the temple of the gods, (ad patrios deos,) in the city of Iolcos, Ovid. Met. vii. 158. ep. xii. 128. His father ÆSON, enfeebled with age, could not be prefent at the folemnity; but by the magic power of Medea he was restored to youth again, Ovid. Met. vii. 292. The daughters of Pelias, (Peliades,) seeing the wonderful effects of her charms and herbs, entreated her to perform the fame fervice to their father. She, wishing to avenge the injuries done by Pelias to Jafon, gave them hopes that the would effect what they defired. And to convince them ftill more of her power, fhe took an old ram, and having cut him to pieces, boiled these in a kettle; whence in a fhort time, to their aftonishment, sprung out a lamb. The daughters of Pelias were perfuaded by her to do the fame to their father, Ib. 322. &c. Thus Pelias perished by a wretched death, Paufan. viii. 11.; Hygin. 24.; Cic. Sen. 23. Diodorus relates this, as well as other particulars concerning Medea, in a different manner, iv. 51. &c. This action obliged Jafon and Medea to leave Iolchos: whereupon Acafto, v. -us, the son of Pelias, fucceeded to the crown.

Jafon and Medea retired to Corinth, where they lived in great harmony for ten years. But Jafon, being captivated by GLAUCE OF CREUSA, the daughter of Creon, the son of Sifyphus, the king of that place, divorced Medea, and married Creula, (Creufa Ephyraa, i. e. Corinthiaca,) Ovid. Art. Am. i. 335. Medea, in revenge, flew the fons fhe had by Jafon in his prefence; then fet fire to the palace, and burnt Creusa,

*(Infomni dente creati Terrigenæ, Lucan. iv. 552.)

Ovid. Trift. iii. 9.; Ib. 437. Cic. Nat. D. iii. 19. & 26.; Manil. ix. Juftin calls the fon of Actes Egialeus or Ægialius, xl. 11. 3.; So Diodorous, iv. 45. Some fay that he was fent by his father in purfuit of Mede, Hygin. 23.; Strab. vii. 315V. 215. and Ovid makes her fay that the left him, ep, xii, 113. But he gives a different account, Trift. iii. 9. 21. &c.

together

together with Creon and Jafon, Hygin. 25.; Paufan. ii. 3. Some fay that the two fons of Jason were flain by the Corinthians; and that they afterwards gave Euripides five talents to transfer in his tragedy that crime on their mother, Ælian. v. 21.; Pausan. ii. 3. Diodorus fays that Jafon efcaped that calamity, 15. 54. but that afterwards, from defpair, he killed himself, 55. Apollodorus relates that Medea fent Glauce a poisoned robe in a prefent, which confumed her with flames, and likewife her father, who attempted to extinguish them, i. 9. 28. Ovid fays the prefent fent by Medea was a crown, (Phafiaca corona,) in Ibin, 605.

2

Medea fled from Corinth to Athens; where, being expiated from her murders, the married Ægeus, by whom the had a fon called MEDUS, Paufan. ib. with whom, after her disappointment in poisoning Thefeus, the flew in a chariot drawn by dragons to Colchis, Hygin. 26. which was then governed by Perfes, the brother of etes. Medus flew him, and poffefied the kingdom of his grandfather, which he called, from his own name, MEDIA, Ib. 27.; Herodot. vii. 62. and after the death of his mother built a city, which, in honour of her, he called MEDIA, Juftin. xl. ii. 3. Magic herbs (venefica herba) are called. from Medea Medeides HERBE, Ovid. Art. Am. ii. 101. and PERSLIDES HERBA, from Perfeus, her grandmother, Ovid. Rem, Am. 263.

PELEU S.

PELEUS, the fon of Eacus, (acides,) having been obliged to leave his father's dominions for being acceffory to the death of his brother Phocus, (fee p. 385.) went into 'Theffaly, and after various adventures became poffeffed of the government of Iolcos, of Phthia, and Lariffa*.

Peleus afterwards went to the court of ACASTUS or Acasto, the king of Iolcost, whofe wife, Hippolyte or· Aftydamià, fell in love with him; but finding him deaf to her folicitations, the accused him to her husband of defigns on her virtue.

* According to Ovid, Peleus first betook himself to CEYX, (Cēvcis,) the fon of Lucifer, and hatband of Haleyčni or Alaying the king of Trackis or Trachin, (TxaCHINTA tellus,) near the fort of mount Octa, who having taken a voyage to cenfuit the oracle of Apollo at Clarus in Ionia, was fhipwrecked; and Paltyine going to look for his return, found his body thrown on the thore: whereupon the threw hericit into the fea, and was metamorphofed into a bird, called Halcyon or Aleeds; and CRYX into a fmil bird which breeds in the Halcyon's nest, Ovid Met. xi. 168. &c.; Serv. in Virg. G.. 399. i 38. Thefe birds breed (Farifi ant) in winter; at which time it is faid there is a calm for feveral days, Plin x 32. f. 47.; Vlaut. Pœn. ¡ 1. 143. whence BALCYONET DIES, Halcyon or peaceful days, Columell. xi 2 21. hence alto thefe birds are faid to be beloved by Thetis, (dil.Ɛte Thetidi HALCYONES,) Virg. G. i. 399.

Ovid fays that Peleus went to Magnesia, (Magn:tas adit vagus exul,) where he received expiation from Acafus for the murder of Glaucus, Ovid. Met. xi. 4c8.

Acaftus,

Acaftus, unwilling to violate the laws of hofpitality by killing Peleus, ordered him to be tied to a tree in a wood, that he might perish by wild beafts. But Jupiter, knowing his innocence, fent Vulcan to loofe him. Peleus foon after, having collected his friends, took Iolcos, and having dethroned Acaftus, put to death Aftydamia, and poffeffed himfelf of the kingdom, Apol lador. iii. 13. 3.; Horat. od. iii. 7. 17.

Peleus married the fea goddess THETIS, (Conjux Dea contigit uni, fc. nepotum Jovis, Ovid. Met. xi. 220.) whofe confent he found it difficult to obtain, lb. 235. whence he is called. gener NEREOS, Stat. Theb. v. 437. Jupiter himself is faid to have been fond of her, but avoided afking her, because he learned it was determined by the fates, that her fon fhould excel his father in bravery, lb. 224.; Hygin. 54. The nuptials of Peleus and Thetis were celebrated with great magnificence, Catull. Ixii. in a cave of mount Pelion, Stat. Achill. ii. 341. All the gods and goddeffes were invited to the fealt, except the goddess DISCORD. She, offended at this neglect, during the entertainment, threw into the middle of the assembly, a golden apple with this infcription, To THE FAIREST, (DETUR PULCHRIOBI.-QUE SIT FORMOSISSIMA, ADTOLLAT). All the other goddeffes yielded their pretenfions except three, Juno, Minerva, and Venus. Jupiter, unwilling to determine between them, referred the affair to Paris, then a fhepherd on mount Ida. His determination in favour of Venus, occafioned the deftruction of Troy, and all the calamities which followed it, Stat. Achill. ii. 335. &c.

ACHILLES.

ACHILLES was the fon of Peleus (Pelides) and of Thetis; called from his grandfather ACIDES; and from his father's two principal towns, Phthia and Lariffa, РTHIUS ACHILLES, Horat. od. iv. 6. 4. VIR PHTHIUS, Propert. ii. 13. 38.* LARISSEUS ACHILLES, Virg. Æn. ii. 197. xi. 404.

Thetis plunged her fon while an infant in the river Styx, whereby he was rendered invulnerable in every part of his body except the heel, by which the held him, Stat. Achill. i. 269. ̧ This circumftance is no where mentioned by Homer, and appears to have been invented pofterior to him. Achilles was educated by the Centaur Chiron, the fon of Saturn and Philyra, (Philyrides,) Virg. G. iii. 550.; Plin. vii. 56.; Paufan. iii. 18. who taught him the art of war and mufic, Juvenal. vii. 210. and to render him ftrong, fed him with the

So PHTHIAS, -adis, a woman of Phthia, Ovid, 'ep, vii, 165.

marrow

marrow of wild beafts, Stat. Achill. ii. 381-ad fin. Of Chiron he is faid to have ftood greatly in awe, Ib. & Ovid. Art. Am. i. 14. Phoenix *, the fon of Amyntor, his tutor and companion, taught him eloquence, Cic. Orat. iii. 15.; Homer. Il. ix. 443. whom he always treated with great refpe&t, Ib. & Stat. Silv. ii. 1.91. iii. 2. 96.

Thetis, knowing that if her fon went to the Trojan war he fhould perish in it, carried him to the court of LYCOMEDES, king of the ifland Scyros, where he was concealed in a female drefs, among the daughters of that prince, Horat. od. i. 8. 13. & ibi Scholiaft. one of whom, Deidamia, Stat. Achill. i. 296. had a fun to him, called PYRRHUS, becaufe Achilles was called PYRRHA among the king's daughters, from his yellow or reddifh hair, Hygin. 96. and alfo NEOPTOLEMUS, because he went young to the war, (ad bellum ductus eft PUER,) Serv. in Virg. En. . 263.; Apollodor. iii. 13. 8. His body is called by Hermione through contempt, Scyria membra, Ovid. ep. viii. 112. As Troy could not be taken without the aid of Achilles, the leaders of the Greeks, hearing that he was with Lycomedes, fent to require him. The king, denying that he was there, gave the ambaffadors leave to fearch for him; which they did, but without fuccefs. Ulyffes, however, who was one of them, not difcouraged, thought of the following contrivance. He went to the palace of Lycomedes, under the guife of a pedlar, with various kinds of goods to fell; among the reft were arms mixed with female ornaments. Whilft the princeffes attentively examined the jewels, the necklaces, and the like; Achilles was attracted by nothing but the arms. Ulyffes, obferving this, ordered Agyrtes, a trumpeter he had with him, fuddenly to found an alarm. Achilles, conceiving it to be an enemy, inftantly tore his female robe, and grafped a fhield and a fpear. Thus Ulyffes having discovered who he was, forced him to the war, Ovid. Met. xiii. 165. Lycomedes wifhed to retain him, but in vain. His warlike ardour could not be reftrained. Cicero applies this to Neoptolemus, Amic. 20. Statius relates the ftory differently, Achill. ii.

After taking the city of Lyrne.Tus in Phrygia, Achilles obtained the beautiful Briseis, as his fhare of the prey, Ovid. ep. iii. 45. whence the is called LYRESsis, -idis, Ovid. Trist. iv. 1. 15.

The fpear of Achilles was fo heavy, that it could not be wielded by any other of the Greeks: hence when Patroclus went against Hector in the armour of Achilles, he did not take the fpear, Homer. I. xvi. 141. The afh of which it was made

* Phoenix, (Amyntorides, having had an intrigue with Clytha, his father's concubine, Tzetzes in Lycopbr, or being falfely accused by her, Apollodor. iii. was deprived of fight, Ovid. Art, i. 337. 16. 261. but was cured by Chiron, Propert, ii. 1. 61.

grew