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Revised December, 1901,
BY CAPT. EA ROOT, U. S. A.

ROOT'S

Military Topography and Sketching

PREPARED for USE IN THE

UNITED STATES INFANTRY AND CAVALRY SCHOOL.

REVISED AND ENLARGED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING,
FORT LEAVENWORTH, KANSAS,
OCTOBER, 1896.

CAPT. WM. D. BEACH. 3d CAVALRY, Instructor.
CAPT. A. G. HAMMOND, 8th Cavalry, Assistant Instructor.
1ST LIEUT. C. H. MUIR, 2d Infantry, Assistant Instructor.
1ST LIEUT. T. H. SLAVENS, 4th Cavalry, Assistant Instructor.

KANSAS CITY, U. S. A.
HUDSON-KIMBERLY PUBLISHING CO.

Copyrighted, 1896,
by

HUDSON-KIMBERLY PUB. Co,

Kansas City, Mo.

Copyrighted, 1902,
by

HUDSON-KIMBERLY PUB. Co.,

Kansas City, Mo.

Fort Myer, Virginia,
December 27, 1906.

J

!

MEMORANDUM:

Lessons in "Military Topography and Sketching.

Root."

(Numbers of pages are inclusive.)

1. Chapter I. Read over Chapter II, but study problems on Pages 31-34.

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PREFACE.

The compilation of the following pages was undertaken, in accordance with the School Regulations, with a view to bringing together in one volume so much of the subject of Topography and Sketching as may be useful to Military Officers in their varied duties, and to cover the subject as taught from a number of books, lectures, notes, etc., in the Department of Engineering at the U. S. Infantry and Cavalry School.

The arrangement of the subjects (with slight modifications to adapt it to the time and instruments available at the school) is that recommended by the best authorities, as indicated in Chapter I., which is almost entirely made up of quotations from said authorities. It is also that which has been pursued in teaching the subject at the Infantry and Cavalry School for the past eight years.

The subject matter is in certain parts almost a verbatim compilation from different standard authorities, no claim being made for originality, though the subject is one capable of great development.

I wish particularly to acknowledge my indebtedness to Professor J. B. Johnson, C.E., of Washington University, St. Louis, author of "Theory and Practice of Surveying"; to Professor Cady Staley, C.E., of Case School of Applied Sciences, Cleveland, Ohio, author of "Gillespie's Land Surveying"; to Messrs. W. & L. E. Gurley, Troy, N. Y., authors of "Manual of Surveying Instruments"; and to Col. W. H. Richards, author of "Text-Book of Military Topography," for their cordial permission to make use of whatever I might find desirable in their respective works, of which permission I have made very liberal use.

I wish also to acknowledge the courtesy and assistance received, by letters and through works published from their

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