plied in the following manner: As you have shewed kindness to us, you shall not have reason to repent of it: we intend to work night and day to shew our regard for you. Sir Archibald Campbell was happy when he heard it; and we had the satisfaction of having a better crop than the preceding year. "As there was hardly any administration of justice, I begged and intreated the Rajah to establish justice in his country. Well, said he, let me know wherein my people are oppressed. I did so. He immediately consented to my proposal, and told his manager that he should feel his indigna tion, if the oppression did not cease immediately. But as he soon died, he did not see the execution. "When the present Rajah began his reign, I put Sir Archibald Campbell in mind of that necessary point. He desired me to make a plan for a court of justice, which I did; but it was soon neglected by the servants of the Rajah, who commonly sold justice to the best bidder. "When the Honorable Company took possession of the country, during the war, the plan for introducing justice was reassumed; by which many people were made happy. But when the country was restored to the Rajah, the former irregularities took place. "During the Assumption, government desired me to assist the gentlemen collectors. The district towards the west of Tanjore had been very much neglected, so that the water-courses had not been cleansed for the last fifteen years. I proposed that the collector should advance 500 pago das to cleanse those watercourses. The gentlemen consented, if I would inspect the business. The work was begun and finished, being inspected by Christians. All that part of the country rejoiced in getting 100,000 collums more than before. The inhabitants confessed, that instead of one collum, they now reaped four. "No inhabitant has suffered by Christians; none has complained of it. On the contrary, one of the richest inhabitants said to me, Sir, if you send a person to us, send us one who has learned all your ten commandments. For he and many hundred inhabitants had been present when I explained the Christian doctrine to Heathens and Christians. "The inhabitants dread the conduct of a Madras Dubash. These people lend money to the Rajah at an exorbitant interest and then are permitted to collect their money and interest in an appointed district. It is needless to mention the consequences. "When the Collaries committed great outrages in their plundering expeditions, Seapoys* were sent out to adjust matters: but it had no effect. Government desired me to inquire into that thievish business. I therefore sent letters to the head Collaries. They appeared. .We found out in some degree, how much the Tanjore and Tondamans, and the Nabob's Collaries had stolen; and we insisted upon restoration, which was done accordingly. At last, all gave it in writing that they would steal no more. This promise they Native soldiers in the British service. kept very well for eight months, and then they began their old work; however, not as before. Had that inspection over their conduct been continued, they might have been made useful people. I insisted upon cultivating their fields, which they really did. But if the demanes become exorbitant, they have no resource as they think, but that of plundering. "At last some of those thiev ish Collaries desired to be instructed. I said, I am obliged to instruct you, but I am afraid that you will become very bad Christians. Their promises were fair. I instructed them, and when they had a tolerable knowledge, I baptised them. Having baptised them, I exhorted them to steal no more, but to work industriously. After that, I visited them, and having examined their knowl edge, I desired to see their work. I observed with pleasure that their fields were excellently cultivated. Now, said I, one thing remains to be done: you must pay your tribute readily, and not wait till it is exacted by military force, which other wise is their custom. Soon after that, I found that they had paid off their tribute exactly. The only complaint against those Christian Collaries was, that they refused to go upon plundering expeditions, as they had done before. "Now I am well aware that some will accuse me of having boasted. I confess the charge willingly, but lay all the blame upon those who have constrained me to commit that folly. might have enlarged my ac count, but fearing that some characters would have suffered by it, I stop here. One thing, however, I affirm before God and man, THAT IF CHRISTIANITY, IN ITS PLAIN, AND UNDIS GUISED FORM WAS PROPERLY PROMOTED, THE COUNTRY WOULD NOT SUFFER, BUT BE BENEFITED BY IT. "If Christians were employed in some important offices, they should if they misbehaved, be doubly punished; but to reject them entirely is not right, and discourageth.** "The glorious God, and our blessed Redeemer has commanded his apostles to preach the Gospel to all nations. The knowledge of God, of his divine perfections, and of his mercy to mankind, may be abused; but there is no other method of reclaiming mankind than by instructing them well. To hope that the heathens will live a good life without the knowl edge of God is a chimera. "The praise bestowed on the heathens of this country by mas ny of our historians is refuted by a close (I might almost say superficial) inspection of their lives. Many historical works are more like a romance than history. Many gentlemen here are astonished how some histo rians have prostituted their talents by writing fables. It has been a maxim with the British government in India not to employ native Christians in any public office. The reason of so extraor dinary a course of proceeding it is difficult to conjecture. The effect is, to convince the Heathen, that the English regard the professors of Christianity with disapprobation and contempt. "I am now at the brink of eternity; but to this moment I declare, that I do not repent of having spent forty-three years in the service of my divine Master. Who knows but God may remove some of the great obstacles to the propagation of the Gospel. Should a reformation take place amongst the Europeans, it would, no doubt, be the greatest blessing to the country.t "These observations I beg leave to lay before the Honorable Society, with my humble thanks for all their benefits bestowed on this work, and sincere wishes that their pious and generous endeavors to disseminate the knowledge of God, and Jesus Christ, may be beneficial to many thousands. I am sincerely, "Rev. and dear Sir, "Your affectionate brother, The reader needs not be told, who are the Montgomery Campbells of the present day: every one must see that the representations are the same, and that The profligacy of Europeans in India has been, and will continue to be, one of the most serious obstacles to the promulgation of ChrisCanity Lord Valentia, who seems to possess far from strict notions of religion, acknowledges, that the dif fusion of the Scriptures among the Hindoos would be a desirable thing, were it not for the consideration that the natives would look upon the English with contempt when they perceived the difference between the religion of the Bible and the conduct of those who profess to believe in it. VOL. V. New Series. the same regard to truth characterizes the one as the other f (To be continued.) The story retailed by Mr. Montgomery Campbell on the floor of the House of Commons, is so perfect a specimen of the reports which are often circulated to the prejudice of the best of men and the best of causes, that we beg leave to offer a few remarks upon it. It is obvious, at first view, that such a story, old on such an occasion, and by a person who had uncommon means of knowing the facts which he stated, must operate pow erfully against the friends of missions. The occasion was a solemn one. Mr. Wilberforce and his friends were laboring to obtain for the poor idolatrous Hindoos the privileges of Christian instruction, or at least to secure for religious instructors the common rights of citizens. To defeat this good design Mr. Campbell relates the above story; and by the use of this and similar means the design was frustrated. Mr. C. spoke with the confidence of a man, who felt as though he knew more than all his hearers:-He had been in India; he knew what kind of proselytes were made of the natives; he sneered at the enlightened congrega tion of Mr. Swartz. Yet with all this pretended knowledge, it is perfectly evident that he knew nothing about the matter; that he was as profound. ly ignorant of the state of Christianity on the Coromandel coast as he could have been, if, instead of having lived in India, he had spent his days in the heart of Siberia. Most calumniators make some par tial acknowledgements, and thus secure greater credit to their asser tions. Mr., C. admits that the char. acter of Mr. Swartz was held deservedly high; but he had no rea son to boast of the purity of his followers.' Then comes the story of the stock-buckle, which very probably, Mr. C. might have heard in India, and which, when related over a bottle of wine by a companion like 56 Ir strong drink is the parent of many terrible diseases, and if our grave yards annually receive thousands of its miserable victims, as I trust has been satisfac himself, would pass for a good joke, and produce a hearty laugh. We need not take up the particulars, and show how they were refuted, one after another, in the simple narrative of Mr. Swartz. Lest it should be thought strange, Dur that Mr. C. should have lived in the neighborhood of converted Hindoos, and remained so ignorant of their characters, as it appears he was, we intreat our readers to reflect how ignorant worldly men usually are of the state of religion around them. If, for instance, there has been a revival of religion in their neighborhood, they en her know nothing about it, or speak sarcastically of the purity of the converts. ing such a revival, stories, most exactly resembling that of Swartz's stock-buckle, are circulated with avidity and with similar particularity. The great enemy of souls, observ. ing how much more interesting par ticulars are than generals, often takes the precaution of dressing up his stories with a wonderfully striking drapery. Thus, in the instance before us, Mr. Swartz's stock buck e was stolen not by a heathen, or some person unknown, but by one of his proselytes, one of his enlightened congregation. Not only so, it was stolen when, in the warmth of his benevolence, he had been preaching for hours to the thief himself; nay more, he had been preaching on "the heinousness of theft." Thousands of stories, equally injurious and equaily groundless, are perpetually in circulation to the prejudice of Christians; especially of Christians who are emient in piety and usefulness. torily evinced, these are not the only evils which are found in its train. For, 2. The enormous consumption of ardent spirits in this country involves an incredible waste of property. When the Marshals took the census in 1810, they were directed to collect, and return, to the Secretary's office, the amount of all domestic manufactures, of any considerable importance, in the United States. From these returns it appears, that no less than 25,499,382 gallons of ardent spirits were distilled that year; of which were exported 133,853 gallons, leaving 25,365,529 gal lons to be consumed at home. The same year, about 8,000,000 gallons of rum and other foreign distilled liquors were imported to this country, which being added to the above 25,365,529, produces an amount of 33,305,529 gallons, for our home consumption in a single year! As What the annual amount of imports has been, since 1810, I have not been able to ascertain; but I presume, that during the last year at least, it must h. ve been considerably larger. to our domestic distilled spirits, it admits not of a doubt, that there has been a steady and rapid increase, so that the quantity now manufactured, and of course consumed, is much greater thay it was in 1810. But not to insist on this, because the exact increase cannot be ascertained, let the aggregate of domestic and foreign spirits, stand as above at 33,365,529 gallons; and let it be made the ba sis of a few plain calculations. Now 33,365,529 gallons, is 248,932 hogsheads, (at more than 134 gallons the hogshead,) which supposing one team to carry two hogsheads, would load 124,466 waggons. These, allowing only three rods for each team, would reach more than 1,166 miles, or nearly the whole length of the United States, from north 10 south! The number of hogs heads necessary to contain the liquor, must, upon a moderate computation, cost 600,000 dollars, and would, if placed so as to touch each other, reach more than 178 miles, exceeding by 48, the whole length of Massachusetts Proper, on the northern line. Or, to present the subject in another light, the quantity of ardent distilled spirits, which is annually drunk in the United States, is sufficient to fill a canal 42 miles long, 10 feet wide, and 2 feet deep; affording convenient navigation, for boats of several tons burthen! The same quantity if brought together, would form a pond more than 68 rods long, 40 rods broad, and six feet deep, covering an area of 17 acres. was Now let us, for a moment, view the subject, in connexion with the population of this country. According to the census of 1810, the number of inhabitants in the United States and their territorial governments, 7,230,514. If 33,365,529 gallons, were divided equally among the whole population,the process would give not far from 4 gallons and a half, to every mati, woman and child, bond and free, in the nation! But here two things are to be considered. In the first place, we have in the United States, 1,185,223 siaves, and as it is their enviable privilege to be denied the use of ardent spirits, they must be taken from the grand total of our population; and then, we shall have left, a little more than 6,000,000 of people to drink more than 33,000,000 gallons of rum, brandy, whisky, &c. In the second place, children are to be subtracted. In the state of Connecticut, there are about 73,000 children, under ten years of age. Now, calculating that the proportion of children under ten years is the same in all the States, we have about 1,670,000 to be subtracted from the 6,000,000 above; leaving not far from 4,330,000 persons to consume between 33 and 34 million gallons of ardent spirits, in a single year; and making an average of more than seven gallons and a half, for each consumer! Here, probably some of your readers will stop short, and exclaim, "It is impossible! Here must be some grand mistake in the preceding calculations. The result is too alarming, too humiliating, to be admitted as correct." I confess, Mr. Editor, that I, too, am astonished at the result. Gladly would I have presented one materially different. But facts and figures are stub, born things. Few people are aware, how much those truth telling rules, addition and multiplication, are capable of effecting. Few think, how soon a small bottle will drain a nogshead; or how soon a very small glass will exhaust a bottle. Many may be surprised to hear, that only one baif gill of spirits, taken daily, amounts at the year's end, to more than five gallons and a half; a gill to more than 1 galions; two gills |