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Not enjoyment, and not sorrow,
Is our destined end or way;
But to act, that each to-morrow
Find us farther than to-day.

Art is long, and Time is fleeting;

And our hearts, though stout and brave,
Still, like muffled drums, are beating
Funeral marches to the grave.

In the world's broad field of battle,
In the bivouac of Life,
Be not like dumb, driven cattle!
Be a hero in the strife!

Trust no Future, howe'er pleasant!
Let the dead Past bury its dead!
Act,-act in the living Present!
Heart within, and God o'erhead!
Lives of great men all remind us
We can make our lives sublime,
And, departing, leave behind us
Footsteps on the sands of time;
Footprints, that perhaps another,

Sailing o'er life's solemn main,
A forlorn and shipwrecked brother,
Seeing, shall take heart again.
Let us, then, be up and doing,

With a heart for any fate;
Still achieving, still pursuing,
Learn to labour and to wait.-H. W. Longfellow.

ADAMS AND JEFFERSON.

Adams and Jefferson, I have said, are no more. As human beings, indeed they are no more. They are no more, as in 1776, bold and fearless advocates of independence; no more, as on subsequent periods, the head of the government; no more, as we have recently seen them, aged and venerable objects of admiration and regard. They are no more. They

are dead.

But how little is there of the great and good, which can die! To their country they yet live, and live for ever. They live, in all that perpetuates the remembrance of men on earth; in the recorded proofs of their own great actions, in the offspring of their intellect, in the deep engraved lines of public gratitude, and in the respect and homage of mankind. They live in their example; and they live, emphatically, and will live, in the influence which their lives and efforts, their principles and opinions, now exercise, and will continue to exercise, on the affairs of men, not only in their own country, but throughout

the civilised world.

A superior and commanding human intellect, a truly great man, when Heaven vouchsafes so rare a gift, is not a tempo rary flame, burning bright for a while, and then expiring, giving place to returning darkness. It is rather a spark of fervent heat, as well as radiant light, with power to enkindle the common mass of human mind; so that, when it glimmers, in its own decay, and finally goes out in death, no night follows; but it leaves the world all light, all on fire, from the potent contact of its own spirit.

Bacon died; but the human understanding, roused, by the touch of his miraculous wand, to a perception of the true philosophy, and the just mode of inquiring after truth, has kept on its course, successfully and gloriously. Newton died; yet the courses of the spheres are still known, and they yet move on, in the orbits which he saw, and described for them, in the infinity of space.

No two men now live,-perhaps it may be doubted whether any two men have ever lived, in one age,-who, more than those we now commemorate, have impressed their own sentiments, in regard to politics and government, on mankind, infused their own opinions more deeply into the opinions of others, or given a more lasting direction to the current of human thought. Their work doth not perish with them. which they assisted to plant, will flourish, although they water it and protect it no longer; for it has struck its roots deep; it

The tree

has sent them to the very centre; no storm, not of force to burst the orb, can overturn it; its branches spread wide; they stretch their protecting arms broader and broader, and its top is destined to reach the heavens.

We are not deceived. There is no delusion here. No age will come, in which the American revolution will appear less than it is, one of the greatest events in human history. No age will come, in which it will cease to be seen and felt, on either continent, that a mighty step, a great advance, not only in American affairs, but in human affairs, was made on the 4th of July, 1776. And no age will come, we trust, so ignorant, or so unjust, as not to see and acknowledge the efficient agency of those we now honour, in producing that momentous event.-Daniel Webster.

POSTHUMOUS INFLUENCE OF THE WISE AND GOOD.

The relations between man and man cease not with life. The dead leave behind them their memory, their example, and the effects of their actions. Their influence still abides with us. Their names and characters dwell in our thoughts and hearts. We live and commune with them in their writings. We enjoy the benefit of their labours. Our institutions have been founded by them. We are surrounded by the works of the dead. Our knowledge and our arts are the fruit of their toil. Our minds have been formed by their instructions. We are most intimately connected with them by a thousand dependencies. Those whom we have loved, in life, are still objects of our deepest and holiest affections. Their power over us remains. They are with us in our solitary walks; and their voices speak to our hearts, in the silence of midnight. Their image is impressed upon our dearest recollections and our most sacred hopes. They form an essential part of our treasure laid up in heaven. For above all, we are separated from them but for a little time. We are soon to be united with them. If we follow in the path of those we have loved, we too shall soon join the innumerable company of the spirits of just men made perfect. Our affections and our hopes are not buried in the dust, to which we commit the poor remains of mortality. The blessed retain their remembrance and their love for us in heaven: and we will cherish our remembrance

and our love for them while on earth.

Creatures of imitation and sympathy as we are, we look around us for support and countenance, even in our virtues. We recur for them, most securely, to the examples of the dead. There is a degree of insecurity and uncertainty about living worth. The stamp has not yet been put upon it, which precludes all change, and seals it up, as a just object of admiration for future times. There is no service which a man of commanding intellect can render his fellow-creatures, better than that of leaving behind him an unspotted example. If he dark with vices in the sight of God, but dazzling with shining do not confer upon them this benefit; if he leave a character qualities in the view of men; it may be that all his other inactive and unnoticed through life. It is a dictate of wisservices had better have been forborne, and he had passed, dom, therefore, as well as feeling, when a man eminent for his virtues and talents has been taken away, to collect the riches of his goodness, and add them to the treasury of human improvement. The true Christian liveth not for himself, and dieth not for himself; and it is thus, in one respect that he dieth not for himself.-Andrews Norton.

THE LAST DAYS OF AUTUMN.

Hark! to the sounding gale! how through the soul It vibrates, and in thunder seems to roll Along the mountains! Loud the forest moans, And, naked to the blast, the o'ermastering spirit owns. Rustling, the leaves are rudely hurried by, Or in dark eddies whirled; while from on high The ruffian Winds, as if in giant mirth, Unseat the mountain pine, and headlong dash to earth! With crest of foam, the uplifted flood no more Flows placidly along the sylvan shore;

But, vexed to madness, heaves its turbid wave, Threatening to leave the banks it whilom loved to lave:

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And in the angry heavens, where, wheeling low,
The sun exhibits yet a fitful glow,

The clouds, obedient to the stormy power,
Or shattered, fly along, or still more darkly lower.

Amazement seizes all! within the vale

Shrinking, the mute herd snuff the shivering gale; The while, with tossing head and streaming mane, The horse affrighted bounds, or wildly skims the plain.

Whither, with charms to Fancy yet so dear, Whither has fled the lovely infant year? Where, too, the groves in greener pomp arrayed? The deep and solemn gloom of the inspiring shade? The verdant heaven that once the woods o'erspread, And underneath a pensive twilight shed,

Is shrivelled all: dead the vine-mantled bowers, And withered in their bloom the beautiful young flowers. Mute, too, the voice of Joy! no tuneful bird Amid the leafless forest now is heard;

Nor more may ploughboy's laugh the bosom cheer, Nor in the velvet glade Love's whisper charm the ear.

But lo! the ruthless storm its force hath spent ; And see! where sinking 'neath yon cloudy tent, The sun withdraws his last cold feeble ray, Abandoning to Night his short and dubious sway. A heavier gloom pervades the chilly air!

Now in their northern caves the Winds prepare The nitrous frost to sheet with dazzling white, The long deserted fields at the return of light: Or with keen icy breath they may glass o'er The restless wave, and on the lucid floor Let fall the feathery shower, and far and wide Involve in snowy robe the land and fettered tide! Thus shut the varied scene! and thus, in turn, O Autumn! thou within thine ample urn Sweep'st all earth's glories. Ah, for one brief hour, Spare the soft virgin's bloom and tender human flower!

THE VOICES OF THE DEAD.

The world is filled with the voices of the dead. They speak, not from the public records of the great world only, but from the private history of our own experience. They speak to us, in a thousand remembrances, in a thousand incidents, events, associations. They speak to us, not only from their silent graves, but from the throng of life. Though they are invisible, yet life is filled with their presence.

They are with us, by the silent fireside, and in the secluded chamber: they are with us in the paths of society, and in the crowded assembly of men. They speak to us from the lonely way-side; and they speak to us from the venerable walls that echo to the steps of a multitude, and to the voice of prayer. Go where we will, the dead are with us. We live, we converse, with those who once lived and conversed with us. Their well-remembered tone mingles with the whispering breezes, with the sound of the falling leaf, with the jubilee shout of the spring-time. The earth is filled with their shadowy train.

But there are more substantial expressions of the presence of the dead with the living. The earth is filled with the labours, the works of the dead. Almost all the literature in the world, the discoveries of science, the glories of art, the ever-during temples, the dwelling-places of generations, the comforts and improvements of life, the languages, the maxims, the opinions of the living, the very frame-work of society, the institutions of nations, the fabrics of empire,-all are the works of the dead; by these, they who are dead yet speak.Orville Dewey.

IMPORTANCE OF KNOWLEDGE TO THE MECHANIC, Let us imagine, for a moment, the condition of an individual, who has not advanced beyond the merest elements of knowledge, who understands nothing of the principles even of his own art, and inquire, what change will be wrought in his

feelings, his hopes, and happiness, in all that makes up the character, by the gradual inpouring of knowledge. He has now the capacity of thought, but it is a barren faculty, never nourished by the food of the mind, and never rising above the poor objects of sense. Labour and rest, the hope of mere animal enjoyment, or the fear of want, the care of providing covering and food, make up the whole sum of his existence.

Such a man may be industrious, but he cannot love labour, for it is not relieved by the excitement of improving, or changing, the processes of his art, not cheered by the hope of a better condition. When released from labour, he does not rejoice, for mere idleness is not enjoyment; and he has no book, no lesson of science, no play of the mind, no interesting pursuit, to give a zest to the hour of leisure. Home has few charms for him; he has little taste for the quiet, the social converse and exchange of feeling and thought, the innocent enjoyments that ought to dwell there. Society has little to interest him, for he has no sympathy for the pleasures or pursuits, the cares or the troubles of others, to whom he cannot feel nor perceive his bonds of relationship.

All of life is but a poor boon for such a man; and happy for himself and for mankind, if the few ties that hold him to this negative existence be not broken. Happy for him, if that best and surest friend of man, that messenger of good news from Heaven to the poorest wretch on earth, Religion, bringing the fear of God, appear to save him. Without her to support, should temptation assail him, what an easy victim would he fall to vice or crime! How little would be necessary to overturn his ill-balanced principles, and throw him grovell ing in intemperance, or send him abroad, on the ocean, or the highway, an enemy to himself and his kind!

But let the light of science fall upon that man; open to him the fountain of knowledge; let a few principles of philosophy enter his mind, and awaken the dormant power of thought; he begins to look upon his art with an altered eye. It ceases to be a dark mechanical process, which he cannot understand; he regards it as an object of inquiry, and begins to penetrate the reasons, and acquire a new mastery over his own instruments. He finds other and better modes of doing what he had done before, blindly and without interest, a thousand times. He learns to profit by the experience of others, and ventures upon untried paths. Difficulties, which before would have stopped him at the outset, receive a ready solution from some luminous principle of science. He gains new knowledge and new skill, and can improve the quality of his manufacture, while he shortens the process and diminishes his own labour. Then labour becomes sweet to him; it is accompanied by the consciousness of increasing power; it is leading him forward to a higher place among his fellow-men. Relaxation, too, is sweet to him, as it enables him to add to his intellectual stores, and to mature, by undisturbed meditation, the plans and conceptions of the hour of labour. His home has acquired a new charm; for he is become a man of thought, and feels and enjoys the peace and seclusion of that sacred retreat; and he carries thither the honest complacency which is the companion of well-earned success. There, too, bright visions of the future sphere open upon him, and excite a kindly feeling towards those who are to share in his prosperity.

Thus, his mind and heart expand together. He has become an intelligent being; and, while he has learned to esteem bimself, he has also learned to live no longer for himself alone. Society opens, like a new world, to him; he looks upon his fellow-creatures with interest and sympathy, and feels that he has a place in their affections and respect. Temptations assail him in vain. He is armed by high and pure thoughts. He takes a wider view of his relations with the beings about and above him. He welcomes every generous virtue that adorns and dignifies the human character. He delights in the exercise of reason,-he glories in the consciousness and the hope of immortality.-G. B. Emerson.

LESSONS IN GREEK.-No. XLVI.
BY JOHN R. BEARD, D.D.
FORMATION OF WORDS; NOUNS AND ADJECTIVES.

I HAVE already given you some general idea of the way in which one mood is formed from another, and how in conse

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quence many words may spring from one root. I must now enter a little into particulars, and show you the laws by which these formations take place.

Words are divided into two chief classes, the simple and the compound. Simple words are those which consist of only one element; compound words consist of two simple words, or more than two. By a simple element I mean a root or number of letters, which combine to make sense, or at least involve an idea in its rudimental state. The simple element is the same as the stem, and in order to get to it you must cut off the formative letters, that is, the letters which form the cases of the nouns, and the persons, etc., of the verbs. For instance, in Xoy-o-s, a word, you have Aoy for the stem or simple element after dropping the nominative case, and o the nominal vowel. So in the verb λey-w, I speak, when you take away the person-ending w, you have Aey, the verbal root corresponding with the nominal root λογ.

Simple words may be divided into two classes, the primitive and the derivative. Primitive words are those which are found from a stem by the affixing of a nominal or a verbal termination. Thus λoyoc is a primitive, it being formed by the addition of oς τo λογ. Also λεγω is a primitive, inasmuch as you form it by adding w to Xey. It is another question which of these two elements, namely, Aey and λoy, is the

Only a few primitive nouns are formed with a suffix, e.g., ouλag, a watchman; nominal and verbal stem, øvλar (pvλacow, guard); of (stem or), a voice; verbal stem επ, as seen in TV.

Consonantal stems before consonantal suffixes undergo the necessary euphonic changes; thus, before ua becomes μ, as γραφ-, γραμ-μα ; 80 λέξις, a word, from λεγ-; δικαστης, a judge, from dikad (dikaw). Vowel stems are wont to lengthen the vowel, and sometimes introduce a σ before several suffixes; thus, moinua, from Tole (compare Tε-πоin-μα), and σui-o-pos (compare σE-σEl-σ-pai, I have been shaken), a shaking, as of an earthquake.

In many words the stem undergoes a change of vowel, a short vowel being changed into its corresponding long form, or a conversion taking place; thus, from the stem Xaon- we have Anon, forgetfulness (compare the verbal Xenoa); from the stem πεμπ- we have πομπη, a procession (compare πεπομφα); and from the stem Air- we have λoin-o-g, left, remaining (compare λe-λon-a). Substantives are formed by various suffixes, of which the following are the most important :

:

Suffixes which form Substantives.

The DOER, or the person concerned with some act, is denoted

1. Ev, nominative, ev-c.

original form. That question would open the general ques-by one of these suffixes :-
tion as to whether, in the genesis or birth of language, nouns
preceded verbs or verbs preceded nouns. A question of such
a nature belongs rather to philology or the science of language
than to Greek grammar, and may consequently be passed by
here, the rather as for its satisfactory consideration much
knowledge and a fine logical sense are requisite. For our
purposes both Aey and Aoy may be considered stems, the
former a verbal, the latter a nominal stem or primitive.

The terminations which are appended to the stem have in themselves no signification in their actual form, whatever they may have meant originally, and so only serve the purpose of denoting to what class of words, whether nouns or verbs, etc., a stem in a particular form belongs, and of marking the modifications which the word undergoes in relation to person or to time, to manner or to action. The termination is either a syllable, as in the case of verbs w and ut, and of nouns n and og; or simply a consonant which unites with the stem-vowel to form a syllable, as c and v.

Derivation words are such as are derived or formed from

primitive words. Thus, from apx in apx-n, beginning, and apx-w, I begin, comes apx-aios, an adjective formed by suffix. ing αιος to the stem; αρχαιος accordingly signifies that which goes back to the beginning, ancient.

Nouns are generally formed from either verbal or nominal stems by means of a termination. This termination may be termed a suffix, or a formative. Thus, by means of the suffix ο i8 λογ-o-s formed from the verbal stem λεγ, and αρχαιο-ς is formed from apya (nominative apx"), by the addition of the suffix 10.

Suffixes serve the end of defining the sense of the root, and so of showing the different relations under which the fundamental idea appears. Let us take as an example woLEW (TOLW), I make. By cutting off the person-ending I obtain as the stem From Toe, with the lengthening of the & into n, and the introduction of the suffix or formative, I make these words

ποιε.

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Examples in Primitive Words.

γραφευς, a writer, from γραφ- present γραφω
yov-εv.c, a parent,
γεν
"9 γιγνομαι
"" κείρω.

κουρευ-ς, a shearer 19 κερ
Example in a Derivative Word.

Topeμ-ev-ç, a ferryman, πореμо- пом. лоρеμоs (πɛρā, beyond)
πειρα nomin. τειρα
2. Tη nomin. Tŋ
masculine pia

τορ Ta

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τωρ
της.

τριδ

τιδ

Examples in Primitive Words.

Stem and nomin. ow-rno, deliverer

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ῥητορ

κριτα

τρια

feminine

τρις

τις

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σω-τειρα, female
ρη-τωρ, a speaker ;

from ow-w

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κριτης, a judge ;

ποιη-τα
Stem and nomin.
avλn-ra
αυλη-τριδα

ποιητης, α poet ;

оin-Tρia, a poetess

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αυλη της, a fluteplayer ; αυλε
αυλητρις, a female

αυλέω

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εθες

εθος, custom

εθ

ειωθα

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τέκες

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τεκος, a child

TEK

TLKTW

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1. co, nominat. τον neuter, as

stem παιδ
κηπο

nom. παῖς 39 κήπος

παιδ-ιο-ν, a little child κηπιον, a little garden Besides the form to, there are these, namely, ιδιο (nom. ιδιον), αριο (nom. αριον), υδριο (nom. υδριον), as οικίδιον, α little house (οίκος); παιδάριον, a little child (παῖς); μελυδριούν, a ditty (μελος, a song, our melody).

2. Mas. ισκο, fem. ισκα, nom. ισκο-ς, ισκή, Ε. 3. stem νεανια nom. νεανιας

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Patronymics, or nouns denoting descent from a father (πατήρ), that is, an ancestor, are formed mostly by the suffix da (nom. The same suffix in derived words denotes the peculiar δη-ς) for the masculine, and merely δ (nom. s) for the feminine. quality. This suffix is added immediately to the stem in a, as

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To consonantal stems the suffix is appended by means of the vowel :

Mas. Κεκροποΐδης, fem. Κεκροπ-ι-ς, from Κεκροπ, nom.
Κεκροψ, Cecrops.

Stems in Ev and o of the third declension also take the connecting vowel ι, before which the v or tv disappears :

Πηλε-ιδη-ς, from Πηλεν, nom. Πηλευς.
An Homeric equivalent is Πηληϊάδης
Λητο-ιδη-ς, from Λητο, nom. Λητω.

The o of the second declension is replaced by, as

Mas.
Τανταλιδης

Κρον-ιδης

Fem.

Τανταλ-ι-ς from Τανταλο
Κρονο

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Nom. Τανταλος Κρονο-ς.

Only to (nom. to-s) is changed into la, as

Mas.
Θεστ-ια-δη-ς

Μενοιτια-δης

Fem.
Θεστεια-ς from Θέστιο

Nom.

Μενοιτιο

Θεστιο-ς
Μενοιτιο-ς

A less frequent suffix for patronymics is ov, nominative των; as Κρονίων, son of Κρονο-ς.

Gentilia, or nouns denoting the gens or race, the country or the tribe, whence a person is sprung, have the suffixes,

1. εν, nom. ευ-ς.

3. ια,

nominat. ια, fem.

σοφια, wisdom ευδαιμον-ια, happiness

adj. st. σοφο

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nom. σοφος

ευδαιμον » ευδαίμων.

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Suffixes forming Adjectives.

1. 10, nom, 10-ς,

Αλεξανδρος ὁ Φιλιππου Φωκιων: μονῳ, φασι, τῳ Αθηναιων στρατηγῷ γραφων προςετιθεί το χαίρειν. Αξιουντος δε του Αντιπάτρου ποιῆσαι τι των μη δικαιων αυτον, Ον δυνασαι,

expresses in the most general way the idea involved in the ειπεν, Αντιπατρε, και φιλῳ Φωκιωνι χρῆσθαι και κολακι.

noun from which the adjective comes, as
ουρανιο-ς, heavenly, from the noun ουρανος, heaven

Μετα

δε την Αντιπάτρου τελευτην δημοκρατίας Αθηναιοις γενομένης κατεγνώσθη θανατος του Φωκίωνος εν εκκλησια και των φίλων οἱ μεν ουν αλλοι κλαίοντες ηγοντο, τῳ δε Φωκιωνι σιωπῇ βαδι

εσπεριος, belonging to the evening, from the noun έσπερα (Lat. ζοντι των εχθρών τις ενέπτυσεν απάντησας εις το προσωπον.

vesper), evening.

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Ο δε προς τους αρχοντας αποβλέψας, Ου παύσει τις, είπε,

With the vowel of a vowel-stem the sometimes grows into a τοῦτον ασχημονούντα ; Ηδη δε τῆς κυλικος αυτῳ προςφερομένης, diphthong; as

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stem θερες (θερος, summer), θερες θερε-ιο-ς (θερειος).

ερωτηθεις, ει τι λεγει προς τον υίον, Εγω σοι, ειπεν, εντελλομαι και παρακαλῶ μηδεν Αθηναιοις μνησικακειν. Των δε μελλοντων συναποθνησκειν ἑνος οδυρονενου και αγανακτοῦντος, θυκ αγαπᾷς, ειπεν, ὦ Θούδιππε, μετα Φωκιωνος αποθανούμενος.

VOCABULARY AND REMARKS.

By appending to you also form adjectives from adjectives as may we not rather say that the enemy have fallen on us?"

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Εμπίπτω, I fall on; “ We have fallen on the enemy; why Fallen on here denotes met with, implying a subject of congratulation.

Δωρεαν, as a gift from a noun not in use δωρεα, ας, ή, a gift).

Καγαθον, that is, και αγαθον, honourable and good.
Ούκουν, therefore.

Και δουκεῖν και, etc., both to appear and to be so, that is, honourable and good.

Ο Φιλιππου, the noun υἱος is understood, Alexander, the son

which is generally appended to the stem by means of, and in of Philip. words derived from verbal stems, signifies fitness :

from αρχ (αρχω) comes αρχαι-κους, fit for governing.

αισθητ (αισθανομαι) ασθητοι-κος, susceptible of feeling
πρακτ (πραττω) πρακτοι-κος, practical.

From nouns as stems are formed adjectives which denote the peculiar quality of the noun, as

βασιλ-ι-κο-ς, kingly (βασιλευς, a king) ιατροι-κος (ιατρος, α physician).

θηλυ-κο-ς (θῆλυ, female), womanly, feminine.

3. ινο nom. ινο-ς. 4. εο norn. εο-ς, ους (Lat. eu-s)

indicate the stuff or substance of which a thing is made, as

λιθ-ινο-ς, stony from λιθο-ς, a stone

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ξυλο-ν, wood

χρυσο-ς, gold (Latin aureus).

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* Πελοπίδας, ὁ συστρατηγος Επαμεινονδου, της γυναικός επι μαχην εξιόντος αυτου, δεομένης σωζειν εαυτον. Αλλοις, εφη, δειν τουτο παραινείν, αρχοντι δε και στρατηγῳ σωζειν τους πολῖτας. Ειποντος δε τινος των στρατιωτων, Εμπεπτωκαμεν εις τους πολεμίους, Τί μᾶλλον, ειπεν, η εις ήμας εκείνοι ;

Αλεξανδρου του βασιλεως έκατον ταλαντα δωρεαν Φωκιωνι τῳ Αθηναιῳ πέμψαντος, ηρώτησε τους κομίζοντας, τί δήποτε πολλων οντων Αθηναίων, αυτῷ μονῳ ταῦτα διδωσιν Αλεξανδρος ειποντων δε εκείνων ὡς μόνον αυτόν ἡγεῖται καλον καγαθον ειναι, Ουκούν, εφη, εασάτω με και δοκεῖν και εἶναι τοιοῦτον.

Κυλιξ, κυλικός, ή, a bowl, the bowl of poison.

Το χαίρειν, the customary salutation, the complimentary words, "Your this comes greeting, equivalent to our "Dear sir," or respectful servant.”

Αυτον, is the accusative case before ποιῆσαι, which depends on αξιούντος.

Και φιλφ, etc., you cannot use (have) Phocion as at once a friend and a flatterer.

Καταγιγνώσκω, I condemn; sentence of death was pronounced against (with the gen.) Phocion and his friends.

Εμπτυω, I spit on, one of his (Phocion's) enemies, meeting him, spat in his face.

Ασχημονεῖν, to be ill-mannerly, to behave ill, unbecomingly ; will no one cause that person to cease being ill-mannerly?

Ουκ αγαπᾷς, etc., art thou not content, seeing that thou sufferest death with Phocion!

What is the derivation of συστρατηγος : εξιόντος ? παραινεῖν : κατεγνωσθη? συναποθνησκειν : μνησικακειν?

Give the parts (also go through them) of the following verbs :-ειπε(ν); ηρώτησε; εασατω ; φασι; πεμψαντος: προς ετιθει; δυνασαι; ηγοντο; ενέπτυσεν; εμπεπτωκαμεν.

Explain the augment in these forms :ενεπτυσε(ν); προς ετίθει, κατεγνωσθη.

LESSONS IN ITALIAN GRAMMAR.-No. XXXIII.

IRREGULAR VERBS.

The Irregular Verbs are those which deviate in some tenses and persons from the regular verb of the same conjugation, which is given for their model.

The first irregular conjugation contains only andáre, dáre, fare, stare, and their derivatives.

IRREGULAR VERBS OF THE FIRST CONJUGATION.

[As all Italian verbs may be generally conjugated with or without personal pronouns, we now think proper to omit them in the conjugation of the irregular verbs, feeling confident that the student is thoroughly acquainted with them. For a similar reason we omit the conjugation of the compound which the reader now will be easily able to form and conjugate for

himself.]

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