Elements of Surveying, and Navigation: With Descriptions of the Instruments and the Necessary Tables |
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Page 76
... reading of the instrument , for any position of the vernier , expresses the distance from the point where the graduation on the limb begins , marked 0 , to the 0 point of the vernier . In the diagram , that distance is ex pressed by ...
... reading of the instrument , for any position of the vernier , expresses the distance from the point where the graduation on the limb begins , marked 0 , to the 0 point of the vernier . In the diagram , that distance is ex pressed by ...
Page 77
... reading will become 9+ , and so on , till finally , when the point 10 coincides with 19 of the scale , the distance ... reading an instrument which has a vernier . Read the limb in the direction of the graduation up to the division line ...
... reading will become 9+ , and so on , till finally , when the point 10 coincides with 19 of the scale , the distance ... reading an instrument which has a vernier . Read the limb in the direction of the graduation up to the division line ...
Page 78
... readings will be the true angle , unless the 0 point of the vernier shall have passed the 0 point of the limb , in which case the greater reading must be subtracted from 360 ° , and the remainder added to the less . TO MEASURE A ...
... readings will be the true angle , unless the 0 point of the vernier shall have passed the 0 point of the limb , in which case the greater reading must be subtracted from 360 ° , and the remainder added to the less . TO MEASURE A ...
Page 79
... readings , may be obtained by subtracting half their difference from the first reading . If the first reading is less than the second , the half differ- ence must be added to the first . Hence , To find the index error , take the reading ...
... readings , may be obtained by subtracting half their difference from the first reading . If the first reading is less than the second , the half differ- ence must be added to the first . Hence , To find the index error , take the reading ...
Page 99
... reading . SURVEYING WITH THE COMPASS . 2. The line about which the earth revolves is called its axis ; and the two points in which the axis meets the sur face of the earth , are called the poles . plane , and its intersection with the ...
... reading . SURVEYING WITH THE COMPASS . 2. The line about which the earth revolves is called its axis ; and the two points in which the axis meets the sur face of the earth , are called the poles . plane , and its intersection with the ...
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Common terms and phrases
angle axis base line bearing called centre chords circle column correction corresponding Cosine Cotang course decimal departure describe designated determined difference direction distance divided division draw drawn east equal error example extremity feet field figure give given greater ground half hence horizontal horizontal line inch intersection known land latitude length less limb logarithm longitude manner marked means measure meridian method middle miles minutes multiplied notes object opposite parallel passing perpendicular plane plate position radius reading remaining REMARK represent right angles rods sailing scale screws ship sides sights Sine square staff station subtract suppose surface survey taken Tang tangent telescope third triangle true turn unit variation vernier vertical yards
Popular passages
Page 10 - The logarithm of . the quotient of two numbers, is equal to the logarithm of the dividend diminished by the logarithm of the divisor.
Page 38 - The circumference of every circle is supposed to be divided into 360 equal parts, called degrees...
Page 45 - C' (89) (90) (91) (92) (93) 112. In any plane triangle, the sum of any two sides is to their difference as the tangent of half the sum of the opposite angles is to the tangent of half their difference.
Page 138 - ... the time of revolution is 23 h. and 56 min. To the eye of an observer, this star is continually in motion, 'and is due north but twice in 23 h. 56 min. ; and is then said to be on the meridian. Now, when it departs from the meridian, it apparently moves east or west, for 5 h. and 59 min., and then returns to the meridian again. When at its greatest distance from the meridian, east or west, it is said to be at its greatest eastern or western elongation.
Page 61 - Being on a horizontal plane, and wanting to ascertain the height of a tower, standing on the top of an inaccessible hill, there were measured, the angle of elevation of the top of the hill 40°, and of the top of the tower 51° ; then measuring in a direct line 180 feet farther from the hill, the angle of elevation of the top of the tower Cway 33° 45' ; required the height of the tower.
Page 9 - THE LOGARITHM: of a number is the exponent of the power to which it is necessary to raise a fixed number, to produce the given number.
Page 142 - Now, if the elongation, at the time of observation, was west, and the north end of the needle is on the west side of the line, the azimuth, plus the angle shown by the needle, is the true variation. But should the north end of the needle be found on the east side of the line, the elongation being west, the difference between the azimuth and the angle would show the variation, and the reverse when the elongation is east. 1. Elongation west, azimuth 2° 04' North end of the needle on the west, angle...
Page 39 - The secant of an arc is the line drawn from the centre of the circle through one extremity of the arc, and limited by the tangent passing through the other extremity. Thus, 00 is the secant of the arc AB.
Page 44 - CB : CA : : sin A : sin B. For, with A as a centre, and AD equal to the less side...
Page 22 - In a Right-angled Triangle, the side opposite the right angle is called the Hypothenuse ; and the other two sides are called the Legs, and sometimes the Base and Perpendicular.