757. gaudet regno Acestes: Acestes is to be ruler over the new city.

758. indicit forum: appoints court; for the dispensing of justice. patribus: the elders. The word suggests the Roman patres conscripti, or senators. vocatis: i.e. summoned in council.

759. vicina astris: Hyperbole for 'lofty.' Erycino vertice: on the summit of Mt. Eryx. sedes: a temple. This shrine was famous in

historical times.

760. Idaliae: i.e. worshipped at Idalium in Cyprus.

763. factus (erat) honos: sacrifice had been made.

764. creber aspirans: freshly blowing.

766. inter se reciprocal; each other.

767. ipsae jam matres, ipsi: the very matrons, the very men. 772. Tempestatibus: for sacrifices to the storm-gods, cf. iii.

120.

774. tonsae: trimmed; as in line 556.

775. procul: apart from the rest.

779-826. At the request of Venus, Neptune promises to bring Aeneas safely to Italy.

781. nec exsaturabile pectus: and her implacable heart.

782. preces descendere in omnis: to have recourse to the humblest prayers. Venus knows that Neptune is master of the sea and hostile to the Trojans; hence the necessity of humble petitions.

783. pietas nec ulla: i.e. no righteousness on the part of Aeneas or the Trojans can satisfy her.

784. nec quiescit: viz. Juno.

abrupt.

The change of subject is somewhat

785. media de gente Phrygum: out of the very heart of the race of

the Phrygians.

786. urbem: Troy.

traxe: traxisse; as object, understand

eos, referring to the citizens suggested by urbem.

787. peremptae: of the ruined (city).

788. sciat illa: 'tis for her to know; i.e. others cannot; sciat is Jussive Subjunctive.

789. nuper Libycis in undis: referring to the tempest described at the opening of Book i.

792. tuis: as indicated by the position, the emphasis of the sentence rests on this word. The enormity of Juno's offence consisted in the fact that it was committed in Neptune's own realms. Venus

emphasizes this fact to revive Neptune's resentment against Juno, and so to win favor for her own petition.

793. per scelus Trojanis matribus actis: having driven the Trojan matrons into crime.

795. linquere: as subject understand Aenean.

terrae dative. 796. quod superest, etc.: let the remnant be permitted to commit their sails safely to thee; quod superest is used as in line 691. 798. ea moenia: i.e. the promised city in Italy.

799. Saturnius: here Neptune, who (like Jupiter) was also the son of Saturn.

801. unde genus ducis: whence thou drawest thy birth. Venus was fabled to have sprung from the foam of the sea. merui quoque: i.e. I have deserved that thou shouldst trust me.

803. Xanthum Simoentaque testor: Neptune invokes these streams, since they had witnessed what he tells.

806. daret, gemerent, posset: also governed by cum. i. e. choked with corpses.

repleti :

808. Pelidae forti congressum Aenean, etc. : Aeneas, who, with the gods and the odds against him, had encountered brave Pelides; a reference to the combat between Aeneas and Achilles. The phrase nec dis nec viribus aequis is freely rendered. It literally means, neither the gods being propitious nor his strength equal; aequis is to be understood with dis. The construction is Ablative Absolute. vertere: here, as in i. 20, in the sense of

810. cum: though.

evertere.

811. structa meis manibus, etc.: see note on ii. 610.

the sin of Laomedon is attributed to the city itself.

812. mihi: Dative of Reference.

perjurae :

813. portus Averni: i.e. the harbor of Cumae near Lake Avernus ; see the map on p. 324.

815. caput: life; as often.

817. auro by Metonymy for the golden or gilded yoke.

818. feris: = equis.

free rein.

manibus . . . habenas: i.e. gave the horses

821. aquis: with tumidum.

822. comitum: i.e. Neptune's attendants.

derstand veniunt, apparent, or some such word.

native plural.

facies as verb un

cete: Greek nomi

823. senior chorus: aged train (C.); the band is called aged, because its members are aged.

825. laeva: neuter plural, object of tenet, — the left.

827-871. Death of Palinurus.

827. vicissim: i.e. in the place of anxiety comes joy.

829. intendi bracchia velis: the yards to be spread with sails. 830. una omnes fecere pedem, etc. : all worked the sheets together (a sheet is a rope, not a sail), and together let out the sails now on the left, now on the right. If Virgil's description is correct, and the fleet was sailing toward Cumae, the vessels were running before a southwest wind, jibing at intervals.

831. torquent . . . detorquentque: turn the ends of the yards back and forth.

832. sua favorable.

834. ad hunc after him, according to him.

alii: the rest; used for ceteri, whose quantity prevents its standing in the dactylic hexameter.

835. mediam metam: i.e. the turning-point in the middle of its course; mid-heaven. The figure is drawn from the races of the Circus; see note on iii. 429.

843. ipsa of themselves, of their own accord.

844. aequatae: regular.

845. labori from toil; Dative of Separation.

848. mene, mene: emphatic, as indicated by the position and repetition.

849. huic monstro: the sea.

850. Aenean credam, etc.: am I (why pray?) to intrust Aeneas to the treacherous breezes? For the force of enim, see note on i. 19. 851. et deceptus: and that too after having been deceived. 852. clavum: with amittebat.

affixus et haerens: cleaving and

clinging (to it); affixus has middle force.

853. nusquam: an emphatic numquam. sents the original quantity.

amittebat: -āt repre

854. Lethaeo: the river Lethe, in the lower world, brought forgetfulness to those who drank its waters.

The

855. vi soporatum Stygia: drugged with Stygian potency. idea is the same as that in Lethaco rore. utraque for the plural, see note on line 233, utrasque palmas.

856. cunctantique . solvit and relaxed his eyes despite his struggles; literally, to him lingering; i.e. resisting before he surrendered.

857. primos: the idea in primos belongs logically with laxaverat, · scarcely had slumber begun to relax his limbs.

858. et: when. incumbens: limiting is (Somnus) understood, the subject of projecit.

859. cum gubernaclo: Palinurus still gripped the tiller tightly.

862. currit iter tutum, etc.: nevertheless the fleet speeds safely on its course over the sea; currit is here transitive, governing iter; Accusative of Result Produced ('makes its run ').

863. promissis: in accordance with the pledges; see lines 812 ff. interrita : = incolumis.

864. jam adeo: as in ii. 567.

865. quondam: as in iii. 704, Virgil speaks from the point of view of his own times.

866. sale: surf, rote.

867. fluitantem errare: was drifting from its course; the subject is ratem.

868. rexit: steered.

869. animum: Greek Accusative.

871. nudus jacebis: i.e. thou shalt lie unburied.

BOOK VI.

1-13. Aeneas reaches Cumae and visits the Temple of Apollo.

1. sic: referring to Aeneas's words at the close of Book v.

2. Euboicis: logically with Cumarum. Cumae was settled by colonists from Chalcis in Euboea.

3. obvertunt pelago proras: another way of saying that they came to land. It was customary to moor the galleys with the sterns resting on the shore and the prows pointing seaward.

6. semina flammae, etc.: i.e. they seek flint-stones wherewith to strike sparks for kindling a fire.

7. densa tecta: the thick coverts; in apposition with silvas.

8. rapit: scours.

9. altus Apollo: by 'lofty Apollo' Virgil means 'Apollo in his temple on the height.'

10. horrendaeque procul secreta Sibyllae: the haunt of the dread Sibyl hard by. For this force of procul, cf. iii. 13.

11. antrum immane: in apposition with secreta. cui: its antecedent is Sibyllae; cui is Dative of Reference with inspirat, indirect object with aperit; whose mind he inspires and to whom he reveals. mentem animumque: mens is strictly the intellect, animus the emo

13. subeunt: viz. Aeneas and his companions. Triviae lucos: Trivia (i.e. Diana, the sister of Apollo) naturally has her grove near the temple of her brother. aurea tecta: the temple; aurea refers to the rich decorations.

14-41. The carvings on the temple doors.

14. Daedalus: the clever artificer who built the Labyrinth for Minos, king of Crete. fugiens Minoia regna: Daedalus had incurred the anger of Minos by assisting Theseus to thread the mazes of the Labyrinth and kill the Minotaur. Daedalus and his son Icarus