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Laurentum, origin of the name,
Lausus, son of Numitor, i. 366.

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Lavici conquered, and its territory divided among Roman settlers, ii. 292.
Lavinia, daughter of Latinus, i. 335; she is married to Æneas, i. 337; her
son by Aneas, i. 352.

Lavinium, founded by Eneas, i.

335.

Laws engraved on brass, i. 138; laws attributed to the kings, i. 139; their
destruction by fire, i. 150; the Romans had no written laws in early
times, i. 171.

Laws, written, possession of, and decisions according to, considered by the
Greeks as democratic, ii. 219.

Leclerc, on the Pontifical annals, i. 169, n. 124.

Lectisternium, i. 163; when first resorted to, ii. 357.

Legends, of early Roman history, their different sorts, i. 432.

Legendary style, the characteristics of, ii. 360.

Leges regiæ, i. 139, 140, 433, 526.

Leonidas, king of Sparta, his death at Thermopylæ, ii. 518.

Leucas, visited by Eneas, i. 312.

Leucosia, island of, visited by Æneas, i. 324.

Levesque, his views on the early Roman history, i. 10, n. 25.

Libri lintei, i. 172; ii. 258, 276, 279.

C. Licinius Stolo, leader of the plebeian party in a great constitutional
struggle, ii. 373.-See following art.

Licinian rogations, proposed, and after much difficulty, carried, ii. 374-376;
rogation 1, concerning debts, ii. 374, 382, 383, 397, 398; rogation 2,
agrarian, (i. 113,) ii. 374, 383—392; Licinius fined for a breach of it,
(i. 113,) ii. 387; rogation 3, abolishing consular tribunes, and requir-
ing at least one of the consuls to be a plebeian, ii. 374, 392-397;
examination of account of this political struggle, ii. 380-82. (An
additional proposition by Licinius for the increase of the curators of
sacred things, some of them to be plebeians, ii. 374, 375.)

Lictors, derived from the kings, i. 103.

Lights on the Roman spears, in 503 B.C., i. 165.

Ligyes, their migration to Sicily, i. 275.

Liparæ, islands, piracy carried on by the inhabitants of, ii. 305, 306.
Literature, lateness of its cultivation at Rome, i. 155, 237; ii. 552.
Livius Andronicus, his life and poetry, i. 231.

Livy, on a reading in Epit. 53, i. 34; his principal object was to write
contemporary history, i. 44; analysis of the contents of his history,
i. 45; his mention of prodigies, i. 51; his account of the knowledge of
the Romans respecting Alexander the Great, i. 61; contents of his
first eleven books, i. 71; his statement respecting the destruction of
records before the burning of Rome, i. 152, ii. 240; he rarely men-
tions prodigies in the first decad, i. 161; his account of prodigies
in the Second Punic War, i. 162; on the mendacity of funeral pan-
egyrics and ancestorial inscriptions, i. 188, 189, ii. 445; is supposed
by Niebuhr to cite a fragment of a poem on the trial of Horatius,
i. 224; the main object of his history, i. 247; his narrative of the
early Roman history derived from the preceding historians, i. 248;
his views on historical evidence, i. 249; his preface, i. 249, n. 13; he
rationalizes marvellous incidents, i. 250; his later books, i. 252, n. 21,

VOL. II.

PP

writers whom he chiefly followed, i. 255; his treatment of prodigies,
i. 255; his speeches, i. 256, 259; on the supposed destruction of his
works by Gregory the Great, i. 264, n. 47; on the aborigines, i. 280 ;
his account of Troy in Latium, i. 332; on the voyage of Eneas to
Latium, i. 344; on the duration of Alba, i. 367; on the classes of
Servius Tullius, i. 489; he remarks the fitness of the time at which
the change from regal to consular government took place at Rome,
ii. 3; comparison of his accounts and those of Dionysius, of the first
fourteen years of the Roman commonwealth, ii. 52, 54 [see Diony-
sius]; his narrative of the period containing the institution of tribunes
of the people, compared with that of Dionysius, ii. 62-84 [see Diony-
sius; chronological discrepancies between him and Dionysius relat-
ing to the history of Coriolanus, ii. 116 [see Dionysius]; he describes
a method by which the consuls often cheated the soldiers of their
booty, ii. 141; his statement of the Terentillian rogation, ii. 166; his
account of the events of the year 455 B.C., inconsistent with the copious
narrative of them by Dionysius, ii. 184, 191 [see Dionysius]; his
notice of the first sending of an army to Sicily by the Carthaginians,
ii. 282; his account of the grounds of the Veientine war, ii. 287; his
belief that Alexander the Great, if he had turned his arms against
Rome, would have found in her a successful opponent, ii. 362; he
notes his wonder on reading the account of the perpetual renewal of
the Volscian and Equian armies in the historians nearer to [not con-
temporary with] the time, ii. 365; his view of the agrarian law of
Licinius, ii. 391.

Lucanians, the Romans first form an alliance with them, ii. 443.

L. Lucceius, his Roman history, i. 27.

Luceres, one of the Roman tribes, i. 412.

Lucretia, wife of L. Tarquinius Collatinus, her rape, i. 516; she kills her-

self, i. 517, 523.

Lucullus, his Greek history of the Marsic War, i. 27.

Lucumo, an Etruscan grandee, ii. 322.

Ludus Troja, i. 323.

Lupa, its ambiguous meaning, i. 250.

Lupercal cave, the, i. 109, 238, 287.

Lupercalia, identified with an Arcadian festival, i. 287.

Lycurgus, the Spartan lawgiver, ii. 542.

Macaulay, Mr., on the poetical character of events in the early Roman
history, i. 217; on a passage of Fabius Pictor, i. 238.

Macer, C. Licinius, his Roman history, i. 24; considered the Roman dic-
tatorship to have been imitated from Alba, ii. 26.

Machiavel, his view of the early Roman history, i. 2; did not fully com-
prehend the true character of the Roman agrarian laws, ii. 137, n.
143; his mode of accounting for the establishment of the decemvirate,
ii. 233; n. 101.

Sp. Mælius, distributes corn among poor plebeians, ii. 270; is accused of
aiming at royalty, ib.; and killed, ib. and 271; our information not
such as to enable us to judge of his character, ii. 273, 274.

Mænius, a tribune, proposer of an agrarian law, ii. 295.
Magister populi, used for dictator, i. 170.

Magistrates, lists of, i. 173.

Mallet, on the duration of tradition, i. 98.

Octavius Mamilius, i. 511.

Mandrocles executes a bridge over the Bosporus for Darius, ii. 505.
M. Manlius saves the Capitol, ii. 331; is accused of treasonable designs,
ii. 365. 366; condemned and executed, ii. 366, 367; a different version
by Zonaras of his treason, ii. 367; satisfactory means of judging of his
guilt not presented to us by ancient writers, ii. 371, 372.

T. Manlius, exploit by which he obtains the surname of Torquatus, ii. 401;
causes his son to be executed for engaging in a combat contrary to
orders, ii. 424; hence the expression, Manliana imperia, ib.

M. Claudius Marcellus, his funeral oration on his father, i. 179.
Marcius calls the Romans Trojugenæ, i. 342.

Ancus Marcius, fourth king of Rome, his election, i. 465; he institutes the
feciales, i. 466; his wars, ib.; his public works, i. 467; he establishes
Latin settlers at Rome, i. 468; his two sons, i. 471; they murder Tar-
quinius Priscus, i. 477.

Marquardt, his continuation of the work of Becker on Roman Antiquities,

1. 12.

Marriages of the gods, i. 348, n. 207.

Marriages, mixed, between the Romans and Latins, ii. 28.

Mars, his intercourse with Rhea Silvia, i. 379.

Massilia, its foundation, i. 480, 481.

Massilian chronicles, their existence supposed by Niebuhr, i. 202.

Master of the horse, appointment of a, by the first dictator, ii. 26.

Matrons, Roman, origin of their privileges, i. 428; and of additional privi-

leges granted to them, ii. 305.

Matronalia, festival of, its origin, i. 428.

Massaliots, treasury of, at Delphi, ii. 306.

Megara, compulsory repayment of interest enacted at, ii. 383.

Melissa, wife of Periander, ii. 536.

Memnon, his account of the message sent by Alexander the Great to the
Romans, i. 62.

Merchants, brought news in antiquity, i. 95, n. 61.

Messala, his work on the great Roman families, i. 191.

Messenian wars, ii. 539-542.

L. Cæcilius Metellus, his advice to the Romans to abandon Italy after the
battle of Cannæ, i. 79, n. 18.

Q. Cæcilius Metellus, his funeral oration upon his father, i. 179.

Geminius Metius, a distinguished Tusculan, killed by T. Manlius, son of
the consul, M. Manlius Torquatus, in single combat, ii. 424.
Mezentius, king of the Etruscans, i. 353.

Mimnermus, his elegy on the battle of the Smyrnæans against Gyges, ii.

552, 553.

Mines, Veii taken by means of one, ii. 302, 303; notices of some mines in
ancient warfare, ii. 310.

L. Minucius appointed prefect of the annona, ii. 269.

Misenum, passed by Æneas, i. 324.

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Mucius, his celebrated exploit, ii. 17; he is rewarded with a grant of land,

ii. 19.

Müller, K. O., on the migration of the Siceli to Sicily from Italy, i. 274;
on the overthrow of the Tarquins, i. 526; on the meaning of the name
of the Tarquins, i. 530, 539.

Mure, Colonel, his views on tradition, ii. 493; he speaks of the Dorian
revolution as forming a marked line between the mythical and real in
the Grecian annals, ii. 547.

Mutiny of a Roman cohort, soon joined in by a large body of other
soldiers, ii. 416; amicably quelled, ii. 417; accounts of it, examined,
ii. 417–421.

Myron of Priene, his history of the first Messenian War, ii. 540.

Nævius, his date, 56, 232; his poem on the First Punic War, ib.; it is
referred to by Ennius, i. 207; his poetical character, i. 232; mentions
the visit of Æneas to Dido, i. 316.

Nænia, i. 211.

Nail, fixing a, in a temple, i. 142, 176; it becomes a religious ceremony,
i. 177; ii. 409, 460, 485.

Napoleon, his strategetical criticism on Virgil's account of the capture of
Troy, ii. 177, n. 35, 190.

Spurius Nautius described as a descendant of a companion of Æneas,
ii. 68.

Attus Navius, the augur, cuts the whetstone, i. 476.

Neapolis, a treaty between it and Rome, mentioned by Livy as extant,

ii. 443.

Nemesis, theory of, repeatedly recognised in the Roman history, ii. 342.
Newton, Sir Isaac, on the duration of tradition, i. 98.

Nexum, account of abolition of law of, bears internal marks of credibility,

ii. 479.

Nicostrata, the mother of Evander, i. 284.

Niebuhr, B. G., his remarks on Beaufort, i. 9, n. 23; on Hooke, ib.; his
Roman History, its importance, i. 10; his treatment of the subject, ib. ;
his use of the terms annals' and 'annalists,' i. 92-4; his opinion
on the propagation of constitutional history by oral tradition examined,
i. 114-27; his interpretation of the word 'populus,' i. 123; his view
of the period of the kings, i. 125, n. 101; his opinion on the accounts
of early Italian ethnology, i. 128; his view of the statement of Livy
respecting the destruction of records in the Gallic conflagration, i. 153;
his interpretation of the eclipse mentioned by Ennius, i. 160; his view
of the antiquity of the Roman funeral orations, i. 186; on the histories
of the great Roman families, i. 191; on a history of the Fabian family,
i. 192; on the existence of contemporary histories during the Samnite
wars, i. 195; on the Etruscan writers cited by the emperor Claudius,
i. 201; his hypothesis respecting the derivation of Roman history from
popular poems, i. 202, 235; on the songs at Roman banquets, i. 205;
his account of the supposed poems from which the early Roman history
was derived, i. 212; date of the supposed poems, i. 214; their sup-
pression by Ennius, ib.; he discovers traces of metre in passages of
prose, i. 224, 225; he supposes Piso to have introduced the rationalist
interpretation into Roman history, i. 250; he supposes Livy to have
treated the early history in an ironical spirit, i. 251; his view of Livy
as a painter, i. 252; he considers Livy and Dionysius to have been

ignorant of the constitution of Rome, i. 261; he thinks that the truth
can be restored from the expressions which they misunderstood, i. 262 ;
on the investigation of primitive ethnology, i. 268; on the interchange
of mythical names, i. 270; on the migration of the Siceli from Italy to
Sicily, i. 274; on the forgery of the list of the Alban kings, i. 372; on
the division of Rome between the Romans and Sabines, i. 437; on the
destruction of Alba, i. 463; on the origin of the Roman plebs, i. 468;
on the curiæ, i. 498; on the difference between the reigns of the first
two and last five Roman kings, i. 529; on the gradual extinction of
the powers of the Roman kings, i. 538; his view of the primitive Roman
constitution, i. 542; his inference as to decline of Rome shortly after
the expulsion of the Tarquins, from treaty between Rome and Car-
thage, ii. 3, 4; he thinks that from the first secession a true narrative
of events in Roman history may, by conjectural combination, be reco-
vered from the extant accounts, ii. 90; his treatment of the story of
Coriolanus, ii. 124-126; his great merits in explaining and illustrating
the agrarian system of Rome, ii. 137, n. 143; his strange hypothesis
with regard to the Fabian occupation of the Cremera, ii. 149; he con-
siders the narrative of the first dictatorship of Cincinnatus improbable,
and originating in a poem, ii. 177; he conjectures that the account of
the first eight years of the war of Veii is derived from the annals, but
of the last two from a poem containing the exploits of Camillus,
ii. 320; his view of the supposed victory of Camillus over the Gauls,
ii. 349; his view of the character of M. Manlius, ii. 370; he reforms
the story of the First Samnite War, according to his own views of
internal probability, ii. 414; his indignation at the execution of C.
Pontius, ii. 457, n. 134.

Nona Caprotinæ, the name of a festival, i. 431, ii. 364.

Norba, a Roman colony sent to, ii. 96.

Nostoi, of the heroes, i. 301.

Numa Pompilius, his meetings with Egeria, i. 110; discovery of his sacred
books, i. 111, 167; his law respecting patria potestas, i. 139; other
laws of Numa, i. 140; his regulations on sacred things, i. 141; his
birthplace, age, and election, i. 445; his pacific character, i. 446; his
religious institutes, i. 447; his colloquies with Egeria, ib.; his death,
i. 448; character of his reign, ib.; he was believed to have been the
scholar of Pythagoras, i. 449; he was said to have introduced metallic
money at Rome, i. 452; his wife and children, i. 453.

Numitor, king of Alba, i. 366; he is deposed by Amulius, i. 378; he
exposes Romulus and Remus, i. 382.

Numitoria, the mother of Virginia, ii. 207.

Numitorius, maternal uncle of Virginia, ii. 208, 212, 215.

Ocresia, the mother of Servius Tullius, i. 482.

Ogulnii, the two, their proposal for rendering plebeians eligible as pontiffs

and augurs, ii. 484.

Old men, their memory of public events in antiquity, i. 118.

Olympic victors, register of, ii. 546, 547.

Olympias, the wife of Philip of Macedon, ii. 436.

Onchesmus visited by Æneas, i. 313.

Onomarchus, his confiscation of the treasures of Delphi, ii. 306.

Orations, Roman, from the Punic wars to the end of the Republic, i. 47.
Orbinia, a Vestal virgin, executed for unchastity, ii. 152.

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