Sublatum erudiit; nec tecum talia gessi, 203.] Tollere' is used both of begetting and of bringing up (see Forc.), either of which senses it may bear here; but perhaps it is rather more in Virg.'s manner to make it a synonyme of erudiit.' Nothing can be inferred from these words about the exact age of Euryalus: all that he says is that his early life was passed during the siege. Talia,'" ut tu refugere possis et nolle me socium suscepti facti adiungere," Heyne. 204.] He had performed exploits as a follower of the perilous fortunes of a courageous leader. "Magnanimum Aenean " 1. 260. "Fata secutus "1. 382, in a different sense. 205.] Sall. Iug. 64 says of Metellus "Inerat contemptor animus et superbia, commune nobilitatis malum." Hic,' as Serv. says, may be either pronoun or adverb: but the former seems more likely see on 11. 510. 'Lux' of life G. 4. 255. Istum' is explained by 'quo tendis.' 206.] 'Bene emere' opp. to "male ," which occurs Cic. ad Att. 2. 4, the goodness or badness of the bargain being estimated in relation to the purchaser. See Drakenborch on Sil. 4. 756. 'Tendere' of aiming 5. 489, 670. emere, 207.] For ad haec' a correction in Pal. gives ait,' which may have arisen from at,' the transcriber's way of spelling 'ad.' Tale' in the mouth of Nisus, like "talia" in that of Euryalus v. 203, means like what you imply.' De te' seems to depend partly on nil,' partly on 'verebar.' The latter construction is found Cic. de Sen. 6" De qua (Karthagine) non ante vereri desinam quam illam excisam esse cognovero." So "de aliquo (aliqua re) metuere " is used: see Forc.metuo.' 208.] "Nec fas esset de te tale quippiam vereri." For 'non' repeated by itself after a negative by way of strengthen 205 210 ing it comp. Pseudo-Cic. de Harusp. Resp. 18, "Non ignovit, mihi crede, non." So Aesch. Αg. 1299, οὐκ ἔστ ̓ ἄλυξις, οὔ, ξένοι. Serv. remarks that Nisus, in the very act of assuring Euryalus that he is worthy to be his companion, still contemplates himself as going alone: Mire iusiurandum compositum sic enumerat, quasi relicturus eum, cum de virtutibus eius optume sentiat." Ovantem' of victory 5. 331. 209.] Iuppiter aut quicumque:' see on 4. 577. There is a similar doubt expressed, doubtless from reverential motives, by Livy 1. 2, speaking of Aeneas, "Situs est, quemcumque eum dici ius fasque est, super Numicum fluvium; Iovem indigitem appellant." Oculis haec aspicit aequis,' nearly from 4. 372, where 'aequis' seems to mean just, not, as here, favourable. Comp. the frequent use of nonтEVEL in Aesch. of divine regard. The meaning is, Jupiter, or whatever is the name of the supreme father. Pal. has aspicis.' 210.] Quae multa ' like "qualia multa " 7. 200 note. Vides' nearly i. q. "scis," 11. 179. 211.] Si quis' repeated, like " si forte" 2.756. In adversum' is generally used in a physical sense, as in 8. 237: so we may suppose that here there is a metaphor from a person being dragged or carried off in an opposite direction to that in which he was going. Mr. Long, however, understands in adversum' as 'against an obstacle.' The agency of chance is distinguished from that of an unfriendly deity, just as after Aeneas had told Venus 1. 377 that he had been driven on the African coast by accidental stress of weather, in speaking to Dido 3. 715 he ascribes the event to a god, meaning apparently that he now sees it is friendly providence, not accident. Comp. 3. 337. 213.] Raptum pugna' is rightly ex Mandet humo solita, aut si qua id fortuna vetabit, plained by Cerda, rescued from the fray, 214.] Serv. says that there was a doubt in his time about the punctuation, some connecting 'solita' with what goes before, others with what follows. Subsequent editors have generally adopted the former punctuation: Wagn., Gossrau, and Ribbeck prefer the latter. The objection to the former is the construction of the abl. with 'mandet,' which is undeniably harsh and unexampled. Yet it does not seem uulike Virg. to combine such expressions as mandare humo' (dat.) and condere humo' (abl.), while he may possibly be imitating some older phrase, in times when dat. and abl. were confused. Solita,' about which also difficulties have been raised, simply means, as Heyne says, "qua nos mortui condi et humari sollenni more solemus." Solita' on the other hand goes awkwardly with si qua Fortuna,' though Ribbeck explains it, "non queritur Fortunae iniquitatem sed ut v. 210 multis idem accidere, ne singulare fatum timere videatur, significat," to which it may be answered that while death in an expedition like that which Nisus contemplates is likely, it is not usual that the body should not be recovered. D. Heinsius and Burm. read 'humo solida,' which Heyne rightly condemns as only appropriate to the case of a shipwrecked man. 215.] Absenti,' as cenotaphs were raised and honours paid to those whose bodies were elsewhere, 3. 301., 6. 505. Inferias' G. 4. 545. 'Decoret sepulchro' like "Nemo me lacrimis decoret," Ennius' epitaph on himself. Here there may be a notion that the honour is a mere honour, as the body is absent. 217.] Spence (Polymetis) finds a diffi 215 220 culty here, as in 11. 35 the Trojan women are mentioned as being in Italy. But Heyne rightly remarks that Virg. cannot have meant the Trojans to have sailed without their wives, but only that the aged women were left in Sicily. 'Ausa persequitur,' a variety for "ausa est persequi." Rom. has a matribus.' 218.] Prosequitur,' the reading before Pierius and Heins., is found in none of Ribbeck's MSS. Moenia Acestae:' see 5.717, 750 foll. We might have expected 'magnae,' as Acesta was the name of the place, and so Trapp conjectured: but the MSS. have no variety, and v. 286 supports 'magni.' 219.] Caussas nectis' like " caussas innecte" 4. 51, where as here there seems to be the double notion of multiplying reasons and making them into a web for entanglement, though in the note, there I have thrown doubt on the latter shade of meaning. 220.] Loco cedit' 7. 332. As Forb. remarks, it is the opposite of "sedet (or "stat") sententia." 221.] "Adceleremus, ait" 6. 630. Vigiles,' those who were appointed to relieve them. 222.] Servant' seems to combine the notions of keeping up and guarding, 'vices' in the latter connexion being something of a cognate acc. Serv. says some in his time connected statione relicta' with 'vices,' as if it were a sort of attributive abl. in place of a gen. 223.] Comes Niso graditur,' like “cui fidus Achates It comes" 6. 158, walks by his side. Regem' of the prince Ascanius, like "regina' 6. 28 of the princess Ariadne. 224-313.] They go to the generals, and Nisus proposes that he and Euryalus should go to seek Aeneas. Aletes ap Laxabant curas et corda oblita laborum : plauds them, and Ascanius promises them 224.] Comp. 8. 26. There is a general resemblance to Il. 2. 1 foll., 10. 1 foll. 'Somno' abl. instr., though it might be in sleep. Comp. 5. 836, "placida laxabant membra quiete," where there is the same doubt, the probability rather inclining to the latter view. 225.] See on 4. 528. Laxare curas' like "vincula, nodos, iugum laxare:" see Forc. Cerda comp. Lucr. 4. 908, "somnus.. animi curas e pectore solvat." Oblita laborum' with corda,' proleptically, as Forb. says. 226.] "Primi duces" 7. 107. The reading before Heins. (whether found in any MSS. is uncertain) was 'et delecta iuventus,' which Peerlkamp and Ribbeck prefer, distinguishing the leaders, such as Aletes v. 246, from the youth. Virg. however obviously imitated Lucr. 1. 86, "Ductores Danaum delecti, prima virorum," and used 'iuventus' generally of warriors. Comp. "Argiva iuventus" 7. 672, of the two leaders Catillus and Coras, and Livy 1. 14, "iuventute armata inmissa." "Delecta iuventus" 4. 130., 8.499. 227.] Serv. says this line is from Lucilius (Sat. 1 fr. 1 Müller), "Consilium summis hominum de rebus habebant." 'Summis rebus' (see on 2. 322), the same summa rerum." as 225 230 235 comparison with Il. 8. 493, where Hector leans on his spear in haranguing the Trojans, is not quite in point, as he is advising them to disarm for the night. Pal. originally had enscut. atq. entes,' from which meaningless jumble Ribbeck gratuitously extracts "in scuta tuentes." 230.] 'Castrorum et campi medio' is generally understood, after Serv., to mean that the generals are met in a free space answering to the Roman praetorium in the middle of the encampment, and so Lersch § 44, though it would still be open to question whether campus' is intended for that space or for the whole area covered by the 'castra.' Mr. Long however rejects the interpretation altogether, and thinks the meaning must be in a place between the camp and the plain.' In Il. 8. 491., 10. 199 the Trojans and Greeks meet severally ἐν καθαρῷ, ὅθι δὴ νεκύων διεφαίνετο χῶρος. 231.] Alacres' with 'orant.' 'Admittier' like "accingier" 4. 493, “dominarier" 7. 70. 232.] "Rem magnam esse quam adferant, et pretium fore morae, temporis sibi audiendis dati" Forb. Serv. mentions another explanation, that the thing would not admit of delay, that delay might cost them dear: but pretium morae' seems to be modelled on 66 operae pretium." We may say if we like that magnam' and 'pretium morae' are predicates: but it does not signify much. 233.] Accepit,' welcomed, 8. 178. Dicere' i. q. "loqui," as in the wellknown formula of the Consul calling on the senators to speak, 'Dic, M. Tulli" (Cic. Att. 9. 5). 66 234.] 'O' out of place, as in 6. 509. Mentibus acquis,' kindly, like the more common " aequo animo.” 235.] The more common expression is Quae ferimus. Rutuli somno vinoque soluti "spectare ex aliqua re," as in Ter. Andr. 4. 1. 22, "Tuum animum ex animo spectavi meo," Cic. Tusc. 5. 10, "Non ex singulis vocibus philosophi spectandi sunt, sed ex perpetuitate atque constantia." 236.] See on v. 189. Here, besides the authority for sepulti' quoted there, it is found as a variant in another of Ribbeck's cursives. 237.] Pal., Gud., and another of Rib. beck's cursives have procubuere,' as in v. 190, Gud. however giving 'conticuere' as a variant. In v. 190 however the fact of silence is mentioned immediately afterwards. Virg. is fond of repeating himself partially, and here he also thought of 2. 252,"fusi per moenia Teucri Conticuere." Heins. retained 'procubuere.' 'Insidiis' with 'locum: comp. Sall. Jug. 50, uti locum castris antecaperet." 238.] The meaning seems to be that by going through the gate next the sea they will be able to make their way stealthily ("insidiis' of a stealthy expedition) to Pallanteum. The camp would have more gates than one, like a Roman camp. 'Bivio portae' seems merely = "porta," the gate affording a passage out and in, so that there will be no special relevancy in it here. Mr. Long, however, agrees with Forc. that 'bivium = 'luogo di due strade:' two roads meeting at the gate, which is thus distinguished from other gates. 239.] The sense seems to be that instead of a regular chain of fires, some have gone out, and some are smouldering; a contrast to II. 8. 509, καίωμεν πυρὰ πολλά, σέλας δ ̓ εἰς οὐρανὸν ἵκῃ. 240.] "Sub auras Erigitur" 8. 25. Fortuna uti,' to make use of the opportunity, like "utere sorte tua " 12.932. 241.] The old reading was 'ad moenia,' which is found in one of Ribbeck's cursives (see on 2. 139). Heyne, who, like his predecessors, retained it, adopted in 66 240 245 his later editions a change in the pointing, suggested by a "vir doctus," so as to construct quaesitum Aenean ad moenia Pallantea " with adfore,' 'quaesitum' being understood as a participle. His reasons for this were the harshness of 'quaesitum' after 'uti,' and the impropriety of Nisus talking about slaughter and spoils, when his object was to summon Aeneas. Wagn. restored 'et' and brought back the usual pointing, defending the construction of the supine after other than verbs of motion by a fragment of Sall. 66 neque vos ultum iniurias hortor," and arguing from v. 208 that Nisus had more than a simple errand to Aeneas in his mind from the first. No doubt Virg.'s judgment may be questioned in allowing Nisus and Euryalus to waste their time in killing and plunder; but as he chose to make them do so, there is nothing strange in making them avow their intention unrebuked. He was thinking of course of the double object of Ulysses and Diomed II. 10. 206, 207. The supine may be explained either by saying that fortuna uti' is really equivalent to a verb of motion (e. g. "fortuna usis ire"), or by the wider considerations suggested by Wagn., or by both. Serv. says that some placed the line after v. 243. Moenia Pallantea' v. 196. 243.] Med. has fallet,' which would be preferable, if there were more authority for it. 244.] Vidimus primam urbem,' we have caught a glimpse of the city (Pallauteum). So nearly Serv., " ' primam partem urbis." Comp. "prima terra 1.541. Sub vallibus' with vidimus,' not with 'urbem.' Pallanteum,as Serv. observes, was on a hill, and they would see it from the valley. Pal. corrected has moenibus;' and so Gud. with vallibus' as a variant. 245.] Assiduo' explains how they came to get within sight of Pallanteum. Hic annis gravis atque animi maturus Aletes : 246.] "Gravis annis" Hor. 1 S. 1. 4. 'Animi maturus' like "aevi maturus" 5. 73. Comp. also "animi dubius" G. 3. 289, "victus animi" ib. 4. 491. Rom. has animis,' which would mean spirits or courage. "Grandaevus Aletes" 1. 121. 247.] "Di patrii " 2. 702. "Vestro in numine Troia est" ib. 703. 248.] Tamen' has the force of in spite of all comp. E. 10. 31. With the line generally comp. 5. 687. Parare' of divine decree 2. 121. 249.] Cum tulistis:' Madv. § 358. obs. 2. With animos tulistis' comp. 1. 605, " quae te tam laeta tulerunt Saecula?"Certa pectora' like "certus homo" for a trustworthy man: see Forc. The old reading was "talis animos iuvenum, tam certa." Heyne says "Et' e codd. intulit Heins. secundum Pierium: Scilicet si iam ante receptum offendisset, hoc egisset ut iterum tolleret," a very unjust criticism, as if Heins. had reformed the text arbitrarily, not in obedience to MSS. All Ribbeck's MSS. insert 'et.' 250.] Sic memorans-rigabat' is parenthetical, and is doubtless introduced in this manner to show that Aletes' words were interrupted by his emotion. "Sie memorans, largo fletu simul ora rigabat" 6. 699. Humeros dextrasque tenebat,' he threw his arms round their necks and grasped their hands. 251.] Voltum atque ora' 10. 821. 252.] Pro talibus ausis,' the reading before Heins., is found in Gud. as a second reading and in two other of Ribbeck's cursives, in one of them in an erasure. 249 255 260 It probably came from 2. 535 or 12. 351, though if the authority for pro laudibus istis' were less, the latter might be traced in its turn to 10. 825. Serv. read laudibus.' 'Laudibus' of praiseworthy deeds 8. 273. 254.] Comp. 1. 603, “Di tibi . . . praemia digna ferant." 'Mores vestri :' Serv. comp. Cic. 2 Phil. 44, "Satis in ipsa conscientia pulcherrimi facti fructus," which he says is "tractum de philosophis." See note on 1. 604. 255.] Actutum' is a favourite word with the comic writers, but occurs also in Cic. and Livy: see Forc. "Integer aevi" 2.638: see on v. 246 above. Serv. says that Ennius applied the expression to the gods. The youth of Ascanius is mentioned, as Donatus remarks, "ut diuturnior res sit." 257.] Vos' followed by Nise,' as in v. 525 by "O Calliope." For 'reducto' Pierius' Medicean MS. and some others give 'recepto,' doubtless from v. 262, where two MSS. have 'reducto.' 258.] Excipit' 4. 114 note. The epithet magnos' may be an argument for identifying the Penates with the "magni Di:" see on 2. 293, 294. 259.] See on 5. 744. Assaracus is not himself the Lar, as Cerda thinks, but is doubtless mentioned merely as one of those ancestors by whom the Lar was worshipped. 260.] Ascanius says that he entrusts his whole fortune and hope to them, meaning, as the context shows, that his whole dependence is on the return of his father, which he relies on them to bring about. 'Fides' = "fiducia," and so nearly i. q. "spes." |