Elements of Surveying: Including a Description of the Instruments and the Necessary Tables |
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Page 20
... length , two inches wide , and a fifth of an inch in thick- ness . It should be made of a hard material , perfectly straight and smooth . The hypothenuse of the right - angled triangle , which is length , and it is most convenient to ...
... length , two inches wide , and a fifth of an inch in thick- ness . It should be made of a hard material , perfectly straight and smooth . The hypothenuse of the right - angled triangle , which is length , and it is most convenient to ...
Page 21
... length into equal portions . If , for example , the line ab of a given length , say one inch , be divided into any number of equal parts , as 10 , the scale thus formed , is called a scale of ten parts to the inch . The line 2 1.2.3.4.5 ...
... length into equal portions . If , for example , the line ab of a given length , say one inch , be divided into any number of equal parts , as 10 , the scale thus formed , is called a scale of ten parts to the inch . The line 2 1.2.3.4.5 ...
Page 22
... length . On ab describe the square abcd . ab and dc each into ten equal parts . Draw af and the other nine parallels as in the figure . Produce ba to the left , and lay off the unit of the scale any convenient number of times , and mark ...
... length . On ab describe the square abcd . ab and dc each into ten equal parts . Draw af and the other nine parallels as in the figure . Produce ba to the left , and lay off the unit of the scale any convenient number of times , and mark ...
Page 23
... length can be found by taking it in the dividers and applying it to the scale . SCALE OF CHORDS . D90 80 70 60 50 30 10 9 : 0 80 70 GIO 5 : 0 40 30 A 1 : 0 C 23. If , with any radius , as AC , we describe the quadrant CD , and then ...
... length can be found by taking it in the dividers and applying it to the scale . SCALE OF CHORDS . D90 80 70 60 50 30 10 9 : 0 80 70 GIO 5 : 0 40 30 A 1 : 0 C 23. If , with any radius , as AC , we describe the quadrant CD , and then ...
Page 24
... lengths of these chords be accurately laid off on a scale : such a scale is called a scale of chords . In the figure , the chords are drawn for every ten degrees . The scale of chords being once constructed , the radius of the circle ...
... lengths of these chords be accurately laid off on a scale : such a scale is called a scale of chords . In the figure , the chords are drawn for every ten degrees . The scale of chords being once constructed , the radius of the circle ...
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Common terms and phrases
acres adjusted angle of elevation axis azimuth back-sights base line called centre clamp-screw coincide column comp compass Cosine D Cosine Sine Cotang course curve decimal degrees determined difference of level direction divided double meridian distance draw east elongation error example extremity feet figure frustrum given angle given line given point ground Gunter's chain hence horizontal angle horizontal distance horizontal plane hypothenuse inches instrument intersection LatDegDegDegDeg latitude and departure length levelling screws line of collimation M.
M. Sine marked measure method multiplied needle object opposite station paper parallel passing perpendicular pins plain-table plane of reference protractor radius right angles right-angled triangle scale of equal secant side sights similar triangles Sine D spider's lines square chains staff subtracted surface survey Tang tangent theodolite true meridian vernier plate vertical limb yards
Popular passages
Page 32 - The circumference of every circle is supposed to be divided into 360 equal parts, called degrees ; each degree into 60 equal parts, called minutes ; and each minute into 60 equal parts, called seconds.
Page 39 - In any triangle, the sum of the two sides containing eithei angle, is to their difference, as the tangent of half the sum of the two other angles, to the tangent of half their difference.
Page 108 - B, from B to C, from C to D, from D to E, and from E to A ; and measure the distances AB, BC, CD, DE, and EA.
Page 33 - The secant of an arc is the line drawn from the centre of the circle through one extremity of the arc, and limited by the tangent passing through the other extremity. Thus, OC is the secant of the arc AB.
Page 12 - Find from the table the logarithm of the first four figures, and to it prefix a characteristic less by unity than all the places of figures in the given number. Take from the last column on the right of the page, marked D, the number on the same horizontal line with the logarithm, and multiply this number by the figures that have been considered as ciphers : then cut off from the right hand as many places for decimals as there are figures in the multiplier, and add the product so obtained to the...
Page 32 - In every plane triangle there are six parts : three sides and three angles. These parts are so related to each other, that if a certain number of them are known or given, the remaining ones can be determined.
Page 120 - The line so determined makes, with the true meridian, an angle equal to the azimuth of the polestar; and from this line the variation of the needle is readily determined, even without tracing the true meridian on the ground. Place the compass upon this line, turn the sights in the direction of it, and note the angle shown by the needle. Now, if the elongation, at the time of observation, was west, and the north end of the needle is on the west side of the line, the azimuth, plus the angle shown by...
Page 82 - Multiply the half sum and the three remainders together, and extract the square root of the product. EXAMPLES. 1. What is the area of a triangle whose sides are respectively 30, 40, and 50 feet ? 30 + 40 + 50 = 120.
Page 81 - Then, add together the logarithms of the two sides and the logarithmic sine of their included angle; from this sum subtract the logarithm of the radius, which is 10, and the remainder will be the logo.ritiim of double the area of the triangle.
Page 159 - NB In the following table, in the last nine columns of each page, where the first or leading figures change from 9's to O's, points or dots are introduced instead of the...