The several objects neath the temple huge;
Whilst he admires the fortune of the city,
The artists' hands harmonious, and the works'

Labor, he sees, a-row, the Ilian battles,

550

And wars already through the world fame-published; Atrides, Priam, and austerne to both,

555

Achilles. He stood still, and, "what place now,"
Said weeping, "O Achates; what earth-region,
Not of our toils full! Behold Priamus !

560

Even here its meed hath virtue; misery, tears;
And human sorrow touches human hearts;
Thy fears dismiss; this fame brings thee some safety."
He says, and feeds thought on the painted inane;
Much groaning, and his face with large flood wetting;
For he beholds, round Pergamus war-waging,

Here fly the Graii, Troja's youth pursue ;

There flying Phrygia, urging in his car
Crested Achilles; nor far hence of Rhesus,

Acknowledges with tears the snowy tent-sheets,

565

(s) Which by first sleep betrayed, yon gore-thick Diomede

Has devastated, and the fiery horses

Off to the camp turns, ere they taste Troy's fodder,
Or drink of Xanthus. In another part,

Arms lost, and flying, behold Troilus,

(Unhappy youth, match for Achilles unmeet!)
Dragged by his horses, and to the empty chariot
Resupine clinging, yet the reins still holding;
His nape and hair the ground trail, spear inverted
Writes in the dust. Meanwhile with sparkled locks,

570

575

(s) V. 471.—Multâ vastabat caede cruentus. See notes, En. i, 293 and 637.

To unjust Pallas' fane, the Iliades

Wend, and the peplum bear; sad-supplicant,

Breast-smiting; but the Goddess away turning,
On the ground fixes eyes immovable.
Achilles thrice round Ilian walls hath rapt

Hector, and sells for gold the lifeless body.

580

Huge was the groan then from his breast's depth drawn,
When he beheld the spoils there, and the chariot
And very body of his friend, and forth

(t) Stretched Priam's helpless hands; himself too there,
Mellied with chiefs Achaian, he agnises,

The fronts Eoan, and black Memnon's arms.
Penthesilea furent, the bands leading

Of lune-shield Amazons, mid thousands burns,
Beneath exserted mamma golden zone

(u) Girds warrior, and, a maid, dares cope with men.

While stupefact, in one adhesive gaze,

(x) Dardan Eneas views these wonderments,

(y) The queen comes to the temple, loveliest Dido,

590

595

(t) V. 487.—Inermes. See note, En. be more than usually impressive, preii, 67.

(u) V. 492.—Subnectens.........bellatrix ;-audet.......... Virgo. See note, En. ii, 552.

(x) V. 494.—Dardanio Eneae. Observe the delicate propriety with which the term Dardan is applied to Eneas, at the moment when, by the sudden presentation to him, in a strange land, of his own and his country's history, his mind is filled with, and overwhelmed by, Dardan recollections.

(y) V. 496.-Regina ad templum, &c. Our author, according to his wont, (see notes, En. ii, 18 and 51,) especially on occasions when he wishes to

sents us, first, with the single principal idea, and afterwards adds those which are necessary for explanation or embellishment. The queen comes to the temple; she is of exquisite beauty, and her name is Dido. Regina contains the principal idea, because it is the queen, as queen, whom Eneas is expecting and recognises; it is, therefore, placed first: pulcherrima follows next, because the queen's beauty was almost of necessity the immediately succeeding idea in Eneas's mind; and the name, Dido, is placed last, as of least importance, and serving only to identify, and connect with the narrative of Venus.

Honor-accompanied of numerous youth;
(z) (a) So on Eurotas' banks, or slopes of Cynthe,

Diana plies the dance, whom thousand Oreads
Follow, and round on this and that side cluster;
Her shoulder bears the quiver, and she moves
Among the Goddesses, out-topping all;

(6) While through Latona's breast the silent joy thrills.
Such Dido was; so bore herself in the midst

Joyous, the work and future realm on-urging;
The Goddess' doors within then, underneath

600

605

(c) The templed mid-dome, fenced with arms, and high Leaned on a throne, her seat takes; to the brave men Statutes and rights was giving, labor-shares

Justly apportioning or lot-deciding ;

When suddenly, with concourse vast, approach,

Eneas Antheus sees, Sergest, and brave

Cloanth, and other Teucri; on sea-plain

Whom whirlwind black had sunder driven, and quite

To other shores offborne. Astound he stood,

Self and Achates simultaneous struck

With joy alike, and fear; eager they burned

To clasp hands, but the circumstance unwist

610

(2) V. 498.—Qualis in Eurotae ripis, idea of reclination, or deviation from &c. See note, En. i, 343.

the perpendicular); to rest upon (without including the idea of repose). From this, the primitive meaning of subniti (not sufficiently understood by any of the commentators or translators), directly flows its derived meaning of relying upon.

Subnixa operates, not (as gratuitously and most unpoetically supposed by Heyne) on scabello understood, but on solio; and the ordo is, saepta armis subnixaque alte solio, resedit foribus divae, &c.

Their spirit deranges: they dissimulate

And what their comrades' fortune, from their cloudy
Envelope speculate; on what shore left

The fleet; why come; for delegates came there
From every ship, grace praying, and the temple
Sought clamorous. Now entrance had, and leave
Granted to speak in presence, thus began,
With calm breast, mightiest Ilioneus :—“O queen,

To whom Jove has given to found a city new,

620

625

And curb proud nations with law's wholesomeness; We wretched Trojans, through all seas wind-carried, 630 (d) Beseech thee, from our ships the infandous flame

Forbid; a pious kindred spare, and look
More kindly near upon our circumstance.
Libyan Penates to lay waste with steel

We come not, or rapt booty to drive shore-ward;

635

Not ours that strength of spirit; not to us,

Conquered, that arrogance. A place there is

By Graii named Hesperia; an old land,

Of powerful arms, and uddery glebe; its early
Tillers the Enotrii; and now, report is,

640

Called by its younger children Italy,

From the chief's name the nation. As our course
Thither we steered, stormy Orion rising

With sudden sea-swell, on blind shallows drove,

And utterly, with Austri lewd, dispelled us

Through conquering waves, and rocks impassable:
Hither we few have floated to your shores.
What kin of men this? what so barbarous country

(d) V. 525.-Infandos. See note second, En. ii, 3.

645

Permits this use? we are prohibited
Strand-hospitality; they bring their war,

And bid our foot not touch the landing edge.
If man ye spurn and mortal arms, yet doubt not
The Gods are memoried still of right and wrong.
A king was ours, Eneas; none more just
Lived, or more pious; or in war-arms greater;
Whom if the fates preserve still, if the air
Ethereal nourishes, nor yet the hero

(e) Low in the cruel shades lies, not to us

Fear; not to thee, perhaps, that thou hast striven
Foremost in kindly offices, repentance.

In Sicily, too, cities are ours, and fields,

And Trojan-sprung Acestes' brilliant name.

Our weather-beaten ships permit us strand;

650

655

660

Some timbers fit; some oars strip in the woods;
That, if vouchsafed with mates and king recovered 665

Our onward course to Italy to steer,

Italy joyful we may seek and Latium ;

But if our safeguard gone, and Libyan sea,

(e) V. 548.-Non metus, &c. "Non metuendum est ne te poeniteat beneficiis nos provocasse." Heyne. But, 1st, non metuendum, &c., is weak and impotent as the sole conclusion, from a a premiss, which Virgil has taken care to render as impressive as possible, by repeating it three times in different words. 2ndly-This conclusion might have been expressed more shortly, simply, and clearly, by a single negative joined to poeniteat (or poenitebit), than by the double negative, non metus ne. 3rdly-Non metus, so understood, conveys the very uncomplimentary imputation, that Dido did fear that she might receive no re

compense for kindness shown to the Trojans. 4thly-This interpretation makes it necessary to substitute a new reading, ne, for the received one, nec. For all these reasons, I understand Ilioneus as drawing two distinct conclusions from his premises; the first, non metus, referring solely to the Trojans; the second, officio nec te, &c., referring to Dido; an interpretation, which is strongly confirmed by the words sin absumta salus, &c., v. 555, (referring plainly, as I think, to the preceding non metus); but if, Eneas having perished, our safety is gone, and we have therefore every thing to fear, &c.