FRANCE.

The Sieur Maillard, condemned to death by a Council of War, has been executed at Bayonne, according to his sentence. As he marched to the place of execution, he sang, Mourir pour sa patrie est le sort le plus beau, le plus digne d'envie. He died with great firmness.

General Berton, Caffé, Sangé, H. Fradin, and Senechault, have been sentenced to death and executed: all the others were found guilty of not revealing the plot, and sentenced to various terms of imprisonment. Berton was a man of strong nerves and coarse mind, and always remarked for a cynical turn. He was distinguished as a most active partizan in the peninsu lar war; a kind of European Buccaneer,- -a man of brute courage, impenetrable sang-froid, and had a total disregard of consequences.

On the 12th instant, the Assize Court of Paris was occupied with the case of four newspapers-the Constitutionnel, Courier Français, Pilote, and Journal du Commerce, charged by the Advocate - General with infidelity and bad faith in their reports of the proceedings on the trial of the Rochelle Conspiracy.— On the part of the Advocate-General, no proofs were adduced of the incorrectness of the reports. His Deputy contended, that as the Attorney General was part of the Court, his mere declaration that the passage was incorrect and malicious, was sufficient. The Counsel for the jour nals offered to bring witnesses to prove that the reports were correct. The Court refused to hear any wit nesses, and sentenced M. Guise, the Editor of the Constitutionnel, and

M. Faucillon, the Editor of the Jour nal du Commerce, to one year's imprisonment, and a fine of 5,000 francs; M. Legracieux, the Editor of the Courier Français, to six months' imprisonment, and a fine of 3,000 francs; M. Cassano, the Editor of the Pilote, to one month's imprisonment, and a fine of 1,000 francs. The four journals are also forbidden stori publish any reports of judicial proceedings the two former for the space of a year; the third for six months and the last for three months and they are condemned in costs. This proceeding was in-ea stituted under the new law against the Press, passed in March last.

SPAIN,

General Quiroga has been ap pointed to the command of Galicia General Vives to Old Castile; and other tried patriots to two other provinces. General Morillo has resigned the command of the First District, and has been succeeded by General Copons. M, Casa-Irujo, the Spanish Minister at the Court of France, has been recalled, and the Duke de San Lorenzo is to be his successor. Since the unsuccessful insurrection of the Royal Guards, on the 7th July, the Archbishop of Saragossa, the Bishops of Malagaras and of Ceuta, have been sentenced to banishment. The Duke del Infantado has been banished to the Canaries; the Marquis de las Ama rillas to Ibiza; and the Count d'Espiletta to Seville. The King, by the express desire of his Minis ters, has ordered the Convocation of the Extraordinary Cortes for the 25th instant (Sept.) General Elio,

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well known for his bloody persecutions of the Patriots of Valencia, has suffered death by the garote. Several of the provinces are still in a disturbed state, although the issue of the insurrection of the King's Guard has depressed the hopes of the Servile party, and left the friends of the Constitution without any fears for the future. This confidence has been still further increased by various successes, gained by the Constitutional troops, under the commands of the Empecinado, General Don Zarco de Valle, and Col. Tabuenea, over the Army of the Faith, under Quesada, the band of Urango, the Insurgents commanded by the Trappist, &c. It is said that Quesada, suspected of treachery, was conducted by his own troops, bound hand and foot, to the fort of Iraty, in order to be tried. More than 1000 of the Army of the Faith, after their defeat, de serted to the Constitutional forces.

PORTUGAL.

On the 26th of August, two letters from the Prince Regent in Brazil to the King his father were communicated to the Cortes, by order of his Majesty. In these letters the Prince declared, that he had adhered to what the inhabitants of Brazil wished, the greater part of the provinces having already recognized him as their perpetual defender, and having made manifest their desire to proclaim his Majesty Emperor of the United Kingdom, and himself King of Brazil.

The Cortes have issued an Address to the people of Brazil, in which are set forth the advantages which the latter will derive from being united to Portugal. The Cortes declare, that the Brazilians will enjoy all the blessings of freedom in common with the Portugueze; that an authority delegated from the king always reside in Brazil, to prevent the inconveniences which might arise from the distance between the countries; and that the power and glory of both can be consulted only by their remaining united under one monarchy.

ITALY.

Great preparations of all kinds are making at Verona for the approaching Congress. Every stranger, who desires to remain there during the Congress, must prove that

he is attached to one of the ministers or in his office; or, if he cannot do that, he must prove that he is under the special protection of one of the great powers.

GERMANY.

The Emperor set out from Vienna on the 7th inst. (Sept.) at eight o'clock in the morning, for Wakersdorf to receive his august guest the emperor of Russia. At noon the two monarchs entered the city. The Emperor Alexander had requested that he might not be received with ceremony. It appears that the two emperors will not set out for Italy before the middle of September: thus the Congress will not open before the beginning of October,

GREECE.

Since our last number the news from this interesting country has been very contradictory, and we have very little to state that can be relied upon. After the misfortunes of the Turkish fleet in the canal of Chio, it sailed for Tenedos, pursued by the Greeks; and, being found unfit for longer service, took refuge in the Dardanelles. The Greeks cut off three small vessels in the chace. However victorious the Greeks have been by sea, it appears there is too much reason to believe that they have experienced reverses by land, and that Corinth, the key to the Peloponnesus, has fallen into the hands of the Turks through treachery. These reverses are confirmed by the fact of the Greeks having raised a levy en masse, since the capture of Corinth. A proclamation of the Provisional Government, dated Machata, July 19, and signed by Prince Maurocordato, calls upon all the male Greeks, from 16 to 60 years of age, to assemble in arms, and repair to the post of danger in the present crisis of affairs, under penalty of the loss of their rights of citizenship, and the sale of their property for the public benefit. All Greeks, who have taken refuge in the Ionian Islands, are summoned to return to the defence of their country, under the penalties of expatriation and confiscation. If, however, we may believe the latest accounts, these reverses have been succeeded by a signal victory gained by the Greeks over the Turks, headed

by Char Hadje Ali Pacha, who bravely perished fighting at the head of his cavalry. If this news should be confirmed, of which there appears little doubt, this eruption of the Turks into the Peloponesus may end fortunately, as well as gloriously, to the cause of the Greeks; an event that must be the ardent wish of every one who prefers civilization to barbarism, and the mild tenets of the Christian faith, to the persecuting spirit of Mahometanism.

SOUTH AMERICA.

Letters from Brazil up to the 5th June give various public declarations, issued by the Prince Regent and other authorities; from which it appears that the Prince has taken the title of Perpetual Defender of Brazil, that the Brazilians are to have a Cortes of their own, but that they will continue to acknowledge John VI. as King both of Portugal and Brazil.

MEXICO.

The accounts in the North American papers from Mexico do not anticipate a long reign for the new Emperor Iturbide. His election to that dignity is described as partly the result of corruption and partly

of chance medley. If he possesses great talents, he may retain it; if he is but an ordinary man, he will fall beneath the weight of public opinion." Other accounts mention that he had fixed his coronation as Emperor of Mexico, for the 24th June, and preparations were making for performing the ceremony with extraordinary magnificence. The whole cost was estimated at a million of dollars, (above £200,000.) The order of the ancient Caziques was to be renewed, and the glories of the ancestors of Montezuma re-acted. The enlightened and liberal part of the Mexicans, says a Charleston paper, will not endure this usurpation -the people generally murmur.

COLOMBIA.

A Gazette Extraordinary, published by the Government of Colombia, announces the receipt of news from the President Bolivar in Quito, from which it appears that the liberation of that kingdom was completed by the surrender of Pastos on the 8th of June, and of the city of Quito on the 25th May. A million of Americans are thus added to the family of the Republic; and Bolivar has acquired fresh glory.

ENGLAND. The very sanguine expectations held out in our last report appear to have been most amply verified. The weather has continued suitable and the most adapted to getting in the harvest, and indeed to every agricultural purpose, that could even be chosen, were it in our power to choose. This is to speak generally, as most suitable to the end of a general report. The exceptions are, those heavy rains which, early in the present month, inundated a great part of the midland and northern counties, accompanied by storms which beat down the stoutest and best of the corn, rendering the operation of reaping very laborious and expensive, and inducing the risk of mildew and smut from unabsorbed moisture. In all the most Eur. Mag. Vol. 82,

productive districts, our grand dependence, the wheat crop, is safely housed, and the next article in rank for human subsistence, potatoes, is of equal promise with the crop of wheat, both in regard to quantity and quality. Barley, oats, and beans, are good only in some few forward situations; in general these crops are considerably below an average, though much improved by the showers which succeeded the long drought. Oats particularly have suf fered from the smut in many parts. No crop has received greater benefit from the rains and subsequent warm weather than the hops, which will nearly double the former expectations. Swedish turnips are a failing crop, destroyed almost entirely by the drought and flymere convertible terms. Much of the

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corn abroad during the rains has sprouted, and they talk of a double crop of the hops, ripe and unripe. The fallows are backward in tilth, and in too many parts choaked with couch and rootweeds; yet, on a general view, the good condition of the lands is wonderful, considering the unprecedented distress of the country.

WALES.-The principality has been blessed with a plentiful harvest, at least as far as regards the wheat, which is both a heavy crop and good in quality. Barley, as well as oats, are not a heavy crop, and generally short in straw. The market price of all grain ruinously low: -wheat, 32s. to 40s.; barley, 16s. to 228.; oats, 12s. to 15s. per quarter, at this period, which usually brings a better price than when new corn becomes fuller to market.

SCOTLAND.

Unfavourable reports have been circulated of the deficiency of the oat and barley crops, but there is reason to believe they are without foundation. Contrary to expectation, there will still be a tolerable crop of turnips, owing to the quantity of rain which has fallen lately. Potatoes an immense produce, and good in quality.

IRELAND.—All parts of Ireland par take of the blessings of an abundant harvest, and the near prospect of returning plenty is not more cheering to the lately starving population, than to those generous friends of humanity, who so promptly and munificently afforded the necessary succour in the hour of need to the distressed Irish peasantry. The following accounts may be considered as a general view of the whole country, although they come from particular districts,

Dublin. The wheat crop will realize the most sanguine expectations with regard to bulk and quality. The oats, although bulky beyond what was expected five or six weeks ago, are complained of by many people as being deficient in quality. Farmers do not know what to do about their rents, the church cess, and county cess; and thousands of them would think themselves well off if the landlords and the other claimants came and carried away all, except a small portion for bread for their families, and for seed in the suc

ceeding season. Last year the prices were bad enough, but this year the opening prices for new wheat have not much exceeded the half of what they were last year. Pinkeye potatoes were sold in Dublin market for 16d. per cwt.; 2s. 6d. per cwt. was the highest price for those kinds; which price cannot now be obtained.

Cork.-The wheat harvest is saved, and in general the quality excellent. The oat crop in some districts light, but every where sound; barley an average crop; the effect on the market is what may be expected; some old wheat has been sold so low as 13s.or 14s: per barrel. No price has been fixed for new wheat, in consequence of the quantity of old in market. First flour from 17s. to 18s. per cwt.; seconds, 13s. to 15s., and household from 12s. to 14s. per cwt.

Galway. The weather has continued to be so very fine that the fate of the harvest is decided. We shall have the most abundant one ever remembered, and the quality very superior. Already have prices declined exceedingly; potatoes are about 2d. per stone, and there is not the least doubt but they will fall to one penny. Grain already feels a serious depression; that which sold for 13s. per cwt. a short time since, will scarcely now fetch 8s., and even at this reduced price there is no demand.

Armagh. Through a very large portion of the north and west parts of the kingdom the crops generally are abundant, and of superior quality, far surpassing the crops of last year. Potatoes, wheat, and barley are best in quality and quantity, and the oats and hay, which it was supposed from the long dryness materially suffered, are amply sufficient in quality and quantity to afford perfect satisfaction to the farmer.

Sligo.We are now storing one of the richest and most abundant harvest with which kind Providence has blessed this country during half a century. The potatoe crops of the kingdom are most luxuriant; it is calculated that nearly 20 per cent over what is called an average crop of all kinds will be gathered this season in Ireland.