Page 417, 25th line, after "facts above specified," insert: It is no valid objection that science as yet throws no light on the origin of Life. Who can explain what is the essence of the Attraction of gravity? Although Leibnitz accused Newton of introducing "occult qualities and miracles into philosophy;" yet this unknown element of attraction is now universally looked at as a vera causa perfectly well established.] [I see no good reason why the views given in this volume should shock the religious feelings of any one. It is satisfactory, as showing how transient such impressions are, to remember that the greatest discovery ever made by man, namely, the law of gravity, was attacked by Leibnitz, "as subversive of natural and inferentially of revealed religion." A celebrated author and divine, &c., &c. Page 420, fifteen lines from top, after "deceitful guide," omit whole remainder of paragraph, and insert, instead, as follows: Nevertheless, all living things have much in cominon; in their chemical composition, their cellular structure, their laws of growth, and their liability to injurious influences. We see this in so trifling a circumstance as that the same poison often similarly affects plants and animals, or that the poison secreted by the gall-fly produces monstrous growths on the wild rose or oak tree. In all organic beings the union of a male and female elemental cell seems occasionally to be necessary for the production of a new being. In all, as far as is at present known, the germinal vesicle is the same. So that every individual organic being starts from a common origin. If we look even to the two main divisions-namely, to the animal and vegetable kingdoms-certain low forms are so far intermediate in character that naturalists have disputed to which kingdom they should be referred; and on the principle of natural selection with divergence of character, it does not seem utterly incredible that from some such intermediate production both animals and plants might possibly have been developed. Therefore I should infer that probably all the organic beings which have ever lived on this earth have descended from some onė primordial form, into which life was first breathed by the Creator. But this inference is chiefly grounded on analogy, and it is immaterial whether or not it be accepted. The case is different with the members of each great class, as the Vertebrata or Articulata; for here, as has just been remarked, we have in the laws of homology and embryology, &c., some distinct evidence that all have descended from a single primordial parent.] INDEX. ABERRANT groups, 373. Acclimatisation, 127. Affinities of extinct species, 287. of organic beings, 358. Agassiz on Amblyopsis, 127. on groups of species suddenly ap- on embryological succession, 295. on embryological characters, 364. Algæ of New Zealand, 327. Amblyopsis, blind fish, 127. Artichoke, Jerusalem, 129. Asclepias, pollen of, 173. Asses, striped, 147. Ateuchus, 123. Audubon on habits of frigate-bird, 166 Australia, animals of, 108, extinct animals of, 296. Azara on flies destroying cattle, 70. Babington, Mr., on British plants, 49. America, North, productions allied to Balancement of growth, 133. those of Europe, 323. boulders and glaciers of, 325. South, no modern formations on Ammonites, sudden extinction of, 281. Animals, not domesticated from being domestic, descended from several acclimatisation of, 129. of Australia, 108. Bamboo with hooks, 176. Barrande, M., on Silurian colonies, 274. on affinities of ancient species, 288. Bear, catching water-insects, 165. queen, killing rivals, 180. with thicker fur in cold climates, 122. Bees fertilising flowers, 71. blind, in caves, 125. extinct, of Australia, 296. Anomma, 213. Antarctic islands, ancient flora of, 347. Antirrhinum, 145. Ants attending aphides, 188. slave-making instinct, 195. Ants, neuter, structure of, 209. Aphides attended by ants, 188. Aphis, development of, 384. Apteryx, 163. Arab horses, 38. Aralo-Caspian Sea, 296. Archiac, M. de, on succession of species, 284. hive, not sucking the red clover hive, cell-making instinct, 200. parasitic, 195. Beetles, wingless, in Madeira, 124. with deficient tarsi, 123. Bentham, Mr., on British plants, 49. on classification, 365. Berkeley, Mr., on seeds in salt-water, 312 Birds acquiring fear, 189. annually cross the Atlantic, 317. colour of, on continents, 121. fossil, in caves of Brazil, 296. Birds of Madeira, Bermuda, and Gala- Classification, 360. pagos, 340. song of males, 84. transporting seeds, 315. wingless, 123, 163. with traces of embryonic teeth, 391. Bizcacha, 305. affinities of, 373. Bladder for swimming in fish, 170. Blyth, Mr., on distinctness of Indian cat- on striped Hemionus, 147. Borrow, Mr., on the Spanish pointer, 38. Brent, Mr., on house-tumblers, 191. on hawks killing pigeons, 315. Bronn on duration of specific forms, 257. Cabbage, varieties of, crossed, 93. Canary-birds, sterility of hybrids, 223. Cape of Good Hope, plants of, 102, 326. Cats, with blue eyes, deaf, 18. variation in habits of, 86. curling tail when going to spring, 179. destroyed by flies in La Plata, 70. Cave, inhabitants of, blind, 125. Cephalopodæ, development of, 384. Cetacea, teeth and hair, 131. Ceylon, plants of, 326. Chalk formation, 282. Characters, divergence of, 103. sexual, variable, 141. Charlock, 74. Checks to increase, 66. mutual, 69. Chickens, instinctive tameness of, 192. Chthamalus, cretacean species of, 266. domestic products, 42. to natural selection, 95. Cirripedes capable of crossing, 95. their ovigerous frena, 172. larvae of, 383. Clift, Mr., on the succession of types, 295. adaptation of, to organisms, 127. Collections, palæontological, poor, 252. in relation to attacks by flies, 177. advantages of, 91. unfavourable to selection, 96. Cryptocerus, 211. Ctenomys, blind, 125. Cuvier on conditions of existence, 184. Dana, Prof., on blind cave-animals, 126. on crustaceans of New Zealand, 327. De Candolle on struggle for existence, 61. on general affinities, 374. Alph, on low plants, widely dis- on widely-ranging plants being va on naturalisation, 107. on winged seeds, 133. on Alpine species suddenly becom on distribution of plants with large on vegetation of Australia, 330. on insular plants, 339. Degradation of coast rocks, 248. of oldest rocks, 269. Development of ancient forms, 293. Devonian system, 292. Dianthus, fertility of crosses, 226. during glacial period, 318. Disuse, effects of, under nature, 122. Division, physiological, of labour, 107. domestic instincts of, 190. proportions of, when young, 386. as bearing on natural selection, 102. Eye, structure of, 167. correction for aberration, 180. Eyes reduced in moles, 125. Fabre, M., on parasitic sphex, 195. Falconer, Dr., on naturalisation of plants on fossil crocodile, 274. on elephants and mastodons, 292. Falkland Island, wolf of, 343. Faunas, marine, 304. Fear, instinctive, in birds, 189. Feet of birds, young molluscs adhering to, of crossed varieties, 236. Fir-trees destroyed by cattle, 69. Fish, flying, 163. teleostean, sudden appearance of, 267. fresh-water, distribution of, 335. electric organs of, 172. ganoid, living in fresh water, 281. of composite and umbelliferæ, 131. 157. |