PRELIMINARY PLAN.

Let this lesson be a continuation of the previous one, putting emphasis on the method of waiting on table. The same articles for setting the table will be required that were in use in the last lesson. In addition to these the girls must be careful to have clean. aprons for the lesson on table service.

METHOD OF WORK.

Have the table set as a review of the work of the last lesson; then have four or six of the girls seated at the table and go through the forms of serving one another to any simple meal upon which the class may decide. Family meal service should be explained and demonstrated first; then service where there is one waitress. Have one girl act as waitress and serve all the others. Let them take turns in offering and placing food, removing soiled dishes, filling tumblers, etc.

LESSONS VIII AND IX. GENERAL CLEANING OF A ROOM.

SUBJECT MATTER.

Rooms which are in constant use should be brushed up and dusted every day. A thorough cleaning of each room in the house will be necessary every week or two, even though the room is brushed up and kept in order every day. First, all closets, drawers, and other receptacles in which articles collect should be cleaned; then all large movable articles should be dusted and moved out of the room; those that are not readily movable should be dusted and covered. The floor should be swept with the windows closed; then the windows should be opened and the ceiling and walls brushed with a covered broom and the dust allowed to settle. Then the floor should be wiped with a damp cloth on the broom. The woodwork should be cleaned with a damp cloth and a soap that is not too strong. Soda or sapolio should not be used. The furniture should be carefully uncovered and all arranged in perfect order.

The things that are highest up should be dusted first and care should be taken to collect all dust in the dust cloth. The cloth should be shaken out of doors after collecting the dust, washed thoroughly, and boiled after using. The dust cloth should be dampened before using on all surfaces except the polished furniture and windows.

Sweeping should be done with short strokes and the broom kept close to the floor, so that the dust will not fly about. The corners of the room should be swept first, the dust gathered in the center of the

1 If the floor is of unfinished wood it will require a thorough scrubbing. After sweeping the floor and allowing the dust to settle, a small portion should be scrubbed at a time with a floor brush and soap. The grain of the wood should be followed when scrubbing. Scrubbing water should be changed frequently. A cloth should be wrung out of clear water for rinsing and drying the floor.

room and then swept into the dust pan. The dust should be burned up; for it may contain disease germs. The broom should be cleaned after using.

Small rugs should be cleaned out of doors. They should be swept, beaten, and reswept, then rolled until ready to put on the floor. If the rug is a large one and can not be removed, it should be wiped over with a damp cloth, rolled up, and the under side of the rug and the floor beneath it wiped up.

After the room has been cleaned, the windows should be arranged so that a supply of fresh, clean air can come constantly into the room. This is essential to every room in the house if perfect health is to be maintained.

PRELIMINARY PLAN.

It will be well to have Lesson IX given in one of the homes some day after school hours, if possible. If that can not be arranged, the schoolroom can be utilized as the place for practice.

METHOD OF WORK.

Devote Lesson VIII to a discussion of the methods of cleaning and to various short tasks about the schoolroom. In Lesson IX have the girls go through the entire process of cleaning a room. Assign some portion of the task to each one of the girls so that all of them can take part in the work. Supervise the work carefully, assign home practice in the cleaning of rooms, and have each girl clean a room at home once a week for a month

LESSON X. CARE OF THE BEDROOM.

SUBJECT MATTER.

As soon as one is dressed in the morning, the windows in the bedroom should be opened to air the room and the bedclothes should be separated and put on chairs before the window to air. The slops should be emptied and the chamber washed with cold water, using a special cloth. The bowl should be washed in warm, soapy water, which should then be poured into the chamber and used for washing it. The toilet articles should be washed, then the bowl rinsed and wiped dry. The slop jar should be washed out thoroughly, and frequently the slop jar and the chamber should be washed out with chloride of lime or some other disinfectant. The pitcher should be filled with fresh water and all articles arranged neatly on the washstand. If towels are soiled, clean ones should be supplied. The bed should be made carefully, the mattress turned, the first sheet tucked under the mattress all around, and the other covers tucked in at the bottom and two sides of the bed. The bed should be kept free from wrinkles and smooth in appearance. The pillows should

be well shaken and arranged at the head of the bed. The floor should be brushed up, the furniture dusted, and everything put in place. The windows should be left partly opened so that the bedroom is well aired. A sufficient amount of fresh air is absolutely essential in a bedroom, and it is important that the room be well aired out during the day and left with windows open at night.

When the room is to be thoroughly cleaned, the frame of the bed should be dusted and the bed made up. The window shades should be dusted and rolled up. Curtains should be well shaken and covered if one has a dust sheet. All small articles on the bureau, table, and shelf should be placed on the bed and the whole covered with a sheet. Tables, chairs, and any other movable pieces should be dusted and set outside the room or covered. Rugs should be rolled up and cleaned out of doors. The room should be swept and dusted. As soon as dust has settled, covers should be removed from the furniture, and the furniture, rugs, and all small articles should be restored to their places. Shades should be adjusted and the room left in perfect order. The broom and everything else that has been used in the work should be cleaned and put back into place.

PRELIMINARY PLAN.

It may be possible for the teacher to give this lesson in her own bedroom or in the bedroom of some of the neighbors. Unless this is feasible the only way to have it effective is to have the girls report each day on the work they do at home.

METHOD OF WORK.

Illustrate each process and give reasons for everything that is done. Emphasize the importance of the sanitary care of the bedroom, a regular time for doing the work, and the benefit of having each member of the family care for her own personal belongings and her own portion of the bedroom.

LESSON XI. CARE OF LAMPS.1

SUBJECT MATTER.

Directions for cleaning and filling the lamp.--A bright light comes from clean burners that allow a good draft. This means constant care on the part of the one that looks after the lamps. In the daily cleaning of lamps, first dust the chimney shade and the body of the lamp. Wash the chimney. If sooty, clean with newspaper before washing. Next, turn the wick high enough to show all the charred part; cut this off, making it perfectly even, then rub with a piece of

1 It is assumed that the teacher is acquainted with the possibilities of electricity and other methods of better lighting in country homes, and will instruct her pupils in the economic use of modern lighting facilities.

soft paper. Wipe off the burner and any other part of the lamp that seems oily. Dry with another cloth. Fill the body of the lamp with oil within an inch of the top, leaving plenty of room for the gas that may be generated from the kerosene. The gas that is generated in a lamp that has been used many times without refilling may be a source of danger.

When lighting the lamp first turn the wick down, allowing the chimney to become heated gradually. If necessary to move the lighted lamp, first turn the wick low. The flaring up of the flame smokes the chimney. Do not leave a lighted lamp in a room where there is no one to watch it. When putting out the light, blow across the chimney, never down into it, as this might send the flame down into the kerosene.

About once a month give the lamp a thorough cleaning. Spread out a newspaper and take the lamp apart. Wash the chimney and shade in hot water and dry with a towel. Polish, using soft paper. Boil every part of the burner in water to which two tablespoons of soda have been added. Put new wicks in if all old ones are dirty. Put the parts all securely together again. Keep an old pan and cloths exclusively for this purpose, and be very careful not to get a drop of kerosene or the dirty hands near any foods.

Have a regular time of the day for cleaning lamps, preferably immediately after all the morning work has been done after breakfast. Do not fill the lamps near the kitchen stove. Do not light a match while the oil can is out. Never fill a lamp while lighted or while near another one which is lighted. If a fire is caused by kerosene, smother it with a heavy rug or woolen garment. Do not attempt to put it out with water.

PRELIMINARY PLAN.

It will be well to give this lesson just before some evening entertainment at the schoolhouse. If there are no lamps at the school have a few brought in from neighboring homes. Secure an old pan and cloths to use in cleaning.

METHOD OF WORK.

Talk with the girls about the cost and properties of kerosene and the danger of having a light near a can of kerosene. Explain the draft by means of which the kerosene can be made to burn on the wick, and the danger if the burner becomes clogged up and the draft cut off. Have the lamps taken apart, burners boiled, chimneys cleaned, and body of the lamps filled and wiped off. Then have the lamps lighted to see that they burn properly.

LESSON XII. PREVENTION OF PESTS.

SUBJECT MATTER.

Household pests are annoying, dangerous to health, and destructive to property. Pests carry disease gorms from one person to another and from other animals to human beings. Absolute cleanliness in every part of the house is essential if the place is to be kept free from pests. As a rule, pests flourish in dark, damp, dirty places. The housekeeper can keep her place free from pests with the proper If pests get started, the housekeeper should know how to exterminate them.

A few simple methods of extermination are here given: Bedbugs. Kerosene should be poured into all cracks and a brush, dipped in kerosene, run briskly over all surfaces. Care must be taken to have no fire in the house while this is being done. Windows should be open and the room kept free from dust. In four days this should be repeated, to kill any bugs that may have just hatched.

Cockroaches and waterbugs.-A solution of 1 pound of alum to 3 pints of water should be poured into all cracks. Insect powder and borax are also effective. Absolute cleanliness and freedom from dampness are necessary if the house is to be kept free from roaches.

Ants.-Oil of cloves or pennyroyal on pieces of cotton batting scattered about in the places where ants appear will drive them away. Saturating the nests with coal oil will destroy them. Food which attracts ants should be removed from places which they are apt to reach.

Rats and mice are best exterminated by the use of a trap or some preparation like "Rough on Rats." Traps should be set nightly and should be scalded and aired after a mouse has been caught. Rat holes may be stopped up by sprinkling with chloride of lime and then filling with mortar or plaster of Paris.

Mosquitoes breed in swampy places or in old barrels or kegs or tin cans which hold stagnant water. Therefore, if the swampy places be drained and the grounds about the house kept free from stagnant water the housekeeper will generally not be troubled with mosquitoes. Empty barrels or kegs should be inverted and old tin cans should have a hole punched in the bottom so that they will not catch water. All high weeds near the house should be cut down and destroyed so that they will not provide a damp place to harbor mosquitoes. If it is impossible to get rid of all standing water, the breeding of mosquitoes can be checked by pouring kerosene oil on the water. One ounce of oil on 15 square feet of water is sufficient. This will have to be renewed at least once in 10 days. The doors, windows, and ventilators of the house should be well screened as a protection against mosquitoes.