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102. A goldsmith having 16 ingots of silver, each weighing 2 lb. 4 oz. which he made into bowls of 2 lb. 8 oz. tankards of 1 lb. 6 oz. salts of 10 oz. 10 dwt. and spoons of 1 oz. 18 dwt. and of each an equal number. Quere, that number? Ans. 7 of each, 224 dwt. over. 103. In73. 53.29. 15 grs. of ipecacuanha, how many doses of 16 grs. each, after deducting for waste 19 grains? Ans. 231 104. In 264 drams of metal, how many weights of gr. 1 gr.

Ans.

-

10.

26.

Ans. 120.

2 grs. 4 grs. 5 grs. 10 grs. 19. 29. 13.23.43.13. and of each an equal number? Ans. 16 of each, 120 grs. over. 105. In 12880 lb. of sugar, how many hhds. each 11 cwt? 106. In 507 cwt. of lead, how many fodder? 107. In 12 cwt. 3 qrs. 12 lb. of tea, how many canisters of 12 lb. each can be filled? 108. In 1 hhd. of sugar, weighing net 84 cwt. how many parcels, each 126 lb. Ans. 7 parcels, 941⁄2 lb. over. 109. In 2 tierces of tobacco, each weighing net 4 cwt. 3 qrs. 24 lb. how many parcels of 6 lb. 8 lb. 12 lb. and 16 lb. and of each an equal number? Ans. 26 of each, 20 lb. over. 110. In 7 cwt. 3 qrs. 17 lb. of gun-powder, how many cartridges of 3 pound each ?

Ans.

295.

368

To reduce great pounds into common, × by 3, and ÷ by 2, To reduce common pounds to great, × by 2, and ÷ by 3. 111. In 547 great pounds, how many common lb.? Ans. 820 112. In 552 common pounds, how many great lb ? 113. In 16 miles, how many feet, inches and barley corns? Ans. 844 ft. 1013760 in. 3041280 b. c. 114. In 2280060 barley corns, how many miles? Ans. 11 m. 7f. 38 p. 115. How many barley corns will reach round the terraqueous globe, which is 360 degrees, and each degree 69 miles ? Ans. 4755801600. 116. In running 150 miles, required the number of revolutions a wheel 18 feet 4 inches will make? Ans. 43200. 117. In 21600 turns of a measuring wheel 18 feet, 4 inches * in circumference, how many miles? Ans. 75. 118. In 30 ells, English, 4 quarters, 3 nails, how many nails? Ans. 619.

119. In 569 nails, how many ells, Flemish? Ans. 47 e.F. 1q. 1n. 120. In 12 pieces of cloth, each 20 ells, Flemish, how many ells English? Ans. 144. 121. In 5625 yards of cloth, how many bales of 25 pieces cach, and each piece 15 ells, English? Ans. 12.

122. In 64 acres of land, how many roods and poles? Ans. 256 r. 10240 p.

123. In 21760 poles, how many acres?

136

124. In a field of 774 acres, how many shares of 270 perches each? Ans. 458 and 180 poles over. 125. A farmer rents a plantation of 200 acres, of which he is to till no more than 96 there in the remainder? 126. In a log of timber that is length, how many solid inches and feet?

acres, how many poles are Ans. 16560

13 feet square, and 16 in

Ans. 62208 in. 36 ft.

127. In 317520 solid inches, how many cubic feet?

Ans. 183 ft. 9 in.

128. In 24 quarters of wheat, how many pecks and gallons?

Ans. 768 pecks, 1536 gal.

129. In 3360 gallons of corn, how many quarters?

Ans. 52 qrs. 4 bu.

130. In 40 chaldron of coals, how many bushels and pecks?

Ans. 1440 bu. 5760 pks.

131. In 4762 bushels, how many chaldron of coals?

Ans. 132 ch. 10 bu.

132. In 12 barrels of ale, how many gallons and pints?

Ans. 384 gal. 3072 pts.

133. In 1704 pints of ale, how many barrels ?

Ans. 6 bar. 21 gal. 134. In 6 barrels, 2 firkins, 7 gallons, of beer, how many gallons? Ans. 241. 135. In 4 tuns, 1 butt, 1 hhd. 49 gallons of beer, how many hhds. barrels and firkins, and of each an equal number? Ans. 10 of each, and 85 gal. over. 136. In 12 tierces of wine, how many gallons and pints? Ans. 504 gal. 4032 pts. Ans. 18.

Ans. 576.

137. In 6048 pints, how many tierces ? 138. In a tun of wine, how many quarts, pints and half pints, and of each an equal number? 139. In 1890 gallons of wine, how many pipes, puncheons, hogsheads and tierces, and of each and equal number?

Ans.

6.

140. In a lunar month, or 27 days, 7 hours, 43 minutes, 5 seconds, how many seconds? Ans. 2360585 sec. 141. How many days is it since the birth of our Saviour to Christmas, 1808, allowing the year to be hours?

142. In 17 score, how many dozens?

Ans.

143. In 9 long hundreds, how many scores,

365 days 6 660824.

28 doz. and 4.

dozens, and

half dozens, and of each an equal number? Ans. 30,

THE RULE OF THREE DIRECT.

The Rule of Three Direct teaches by having three numbers given to find a fourth, which shall bear such proportion to the second as the third doth to the first; and is that in which more requires more, or less requires less.

RULE.-State the question by making that number which asks, the third term; that which is of the same name or quality as the first term; and that which is of the same name or quality with the answer required, the second term. Then multiply the second and third terms together, and divide the product by the first. The quotient will be the fourth term or answer, in the same name or denomination as the second term was left in.

Note-The first term is always known by the words if, or at; and the third term is also known by the words how much, or what will.

EXAMPLES.

1. If 4 lb. of tobacco 75 c. what will 28 lb. cost at that rate? cts. lb. cts.

lb. 4:

75: 28: 5 25 the answer.

2. If 75 cents buy 4 lb. of tobacco, how much will $5 25 c. buy? Ans. 28 lb. 3. If 28 lb. of tobacco cost $5 25 cents, how much can

Ans. 4 lb.

I buy for 75 cents? 4. Suppose $54 will buy 28 lb. of tobacco, what will 4 lb. of the same tobacco cost?

5. If 19 dozen pair of stockings cost 1 pair?

6. If 1 pair of stockings cost 6s. 9d. pair?

7. What is the price of 239 eggs, 15 for a shilling?

Ans. 75 cents. £76 19s. what cost

Ans. 6s. 9d. what cost 19 dozen

Ans. £76 19s. when they are rated at Ans. 15s. 113d. shillings, what is the Ans. £199 10s..

8. If a yard of cloth is worth 42 worth of 5 pieces, each 19 yards? 9. Suppose a ship to be valued at $2824 40 cents, what will of her cost? Ans. 1059 15 cts.

10. Abraham had fine pears, 9 of which were worth 6 cents; Billy had apples, 8 of which were worth 2 cents. Required the number of apples that Billy must give Abraham for 15 of his pears? Ans. 40.

11. If a gentleman whose annual income is £1200, spend £21 a week: whether will he save or run in debt, and how much in a year? Ans. save £108.

12. Charles told Frederick, that his purse and money were worth £3 15s. 6d. but that the money was worth six times as much as the purse. Pray how much was there in it? Ans. £3 4s. 9d.

13. Two men depart from one place, the one goes north 35 miles a day, and the other south 43 miles a day, how far are they distant the 12th day after their departure?

Ans. 936 miles.

14. Two men depart both from the same place, and travel the same road, the one 35 miles, and the other 43 miles every day. I demand how many miles they are distant the 12th day after their departure? Ans. 96 miles. 15. Admit that a cannon may be discharged 3 times with 9 lb. of powder; how many times will 7 cwt. 3 qrs. 17 lb. discharge the same gun? Ans. 295 times. 16. How many yards of linen may be bought for £27 118. whereof 7 yards cost £1 7s. 2‡d.

Ans. 152 yards. 17. If 3 paces of common steps of a certain person be equal to 2 yards; how many yards will 160 of his paces make? Ans. 106 yds. 2 ft.

18. To how much amounts 172 pieces of lead, each weighing 3 cwt. 2 qrs. 17 lb. at £8 17s. 6d. per fodder of 194 cwt? Ans. £286 4s. 4 d.

19. A person failing in trade, owes in all £997; at which time he has in money, goods and recoverable debts, £420 6s. 34d.; now supposing these thing delivered to his creditors, how much will they get per po Ans. 8s. 74d.

20. The circumference of the earth is about 25000 miles : at what rate per hour is a person at the middle of its surface carried round, one whole rotation being made in 23 hours 56 minutes? Ans. 1044 816 miles. 1436

21. Having sold goods for £815 12s. how much must I remit to my employer after deducting 14 per cent commission? Ans. £803 7s. 31681.

200

22. A captain of a ship being provided with 24000 lb. of bread for 200 seamen, of which each man eats 4lb. per week, how long will the bread last? Ans. 30 weeks.

23. Two persons A. and B. depart from Albany for Philadelphia, but A. sets off 3 days before B. and travels 30 miles a day: B. follows after him the same road and travels 50 miles I demand in how many days, and after how many miles travel will B. overtake A.?

Ans. 4 days, and 225 miles. 24. As I was beating on the forest grounds, Up starts a hare before my two grey-hounds,; The dogs, being light of foot, did fairly run, Unto her fifteen rods, just twenty-one. The distance that she started up before Was fourscore, sixteen rods just, and no more; Now this I'd have you unto me declare, How far they run before they caught the hare? Ans 836 rods.

64

25. A merchant at New-York imports from Constantinople, goods which cost $4600, the freight from thence to NewYork, $225, porterage $17 35 cents, duties and fees $234 75 cents, storage $23 12 cents, and he would gain $2125 by the bargain. I demand how much 24 of the said goods will amount to? Ans. $2709 45 c. 93m. 26. A gentleman has £510 8s. 4d. per annum. I demand how much he may spend per day, so as to be able to lay up £115 yearly? Ans. 1 18. 8d. 27. Bought 30 hogs for £70, and sold them for £80, now if they had cost £80, how should they have been sold to have gained after the same rate? Ans. £91 88. 658d.

28. If 60 gallons of water, in 1 hour's time, fall into a cistern containing 200 gallons, and by a pipe in the same cistern there runs out 45 gallons in an hour, in what time will it be filled? Ans. 13 ho. 20 min. 29. A merchant failing in trade, paid 49 cents in the dollar, to his creditors, to whom he was indebted $11573. Pray what sum did he pay them? Ans. $5670 77 cts. 30. In £460 how many hillings, six-pences, four-pences, two-pences and pence, a each an equal number?

Ans. 4416.

44

31. A drover having bought 64 fat oxen at $50 a head, the expence of driving to market is $20, for butchering $334, of salt $263, of barrels and storage $50, and he would gain $654 on the whole, what will be the price of 27 of said oxen, in barrels ? Ans. $1687 50 cts. 32. If from a rod of 6 feet long, the shadow 10 is made, I ask the steeple's height in yards, that's 90 feet in shade ?

33. An oilman bought 3 tuns of oil at £50 by some accident it leaked out 85 gallons;

Ans.

18.

11s. 4d. per tun; but he is minded

to sell it again so as to be free from loss. How must he sell it per gallon? Ans. 4s. 6174d.

cost?

671

34. If £100 gain £7 interest in 12 months; what will £63 gain in the same time? Ans. £4 8s. 2d 100 35. If 8lb. of pepper cost 14s. what will 7 cwt. 3 qrs.4 lb. Ans. £77 3s. 6d. 36. A certain usurer put out $75 for 12 months, and received for principal and interest, $81. Required the rate of interest? Ans. 8 per cent. 37. A bankrupt's effects amount to 11s. 74d. per pound, what will B. get, to whom he is owing £300?

Ans. £174 7s. 6d. 38. If a merchant in selling tea at 8s. per lb. gain 12 per cent. what will he gain per cent. in selling the same tea at 9s. per lb ? Ans. 26 per cent.

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