Again : * "You give a list of publications, which, you say, have supplied your materials; not one of these works bearing date later than 1817. And although you have introduced statements, in a few instances, which could not have been derived from any one of the works named as having supplied your materials, since they relate to views not published until a later date than 1817, you have not exhibited the candour of adding these latter works to your list." ** "You even repeat that the best of the foreign works is that of Professor Bischoff,'-a work published in 1805, before Gall and Spurzheim had given theirs to the world! Of course, the elaborate work of Vimont, and the able treatises of Broussais, and of other French, German, Italian, Danish and American authors on Phrenology, published since 1818, are excluded from mention; although you knew, or ought to have known, that amongst these are to be found the best foreign works on the subject." So much for Dr. Roget's candour and sufficiency on this point : “In consequence of thus taking your account of Phrenology from the earliest works-like the earliest works on any other science, unavoidably containing much that needed further elucidation and correction-you have given a most imperfect sketch of that science, and have misrepresented its present state in various ways; to say nothing of some statements which were not true in regard to any stage of its progress." 66 On the score of misrepresentation : By joining together the head and tail of a passage, and omitting the intermediate portion, you make him [Mr. Combe] give a grossly inconsistent account of the two faculties called Individuality and Eventuality. You quote a passage where Mr. Combe says, that in such expressions as the ROCK falls, the HORSE gallops, the BATTLE is fought, the SUBSTANTIVE springs from Individuality and the verb from Eventuality. After some further remarks, he adds, "An author in whom Individuality is large and Eventuality is small, will treat his subjects by description chiefly; one in whom Eventuality is large, Individuality small, will narrate actions, but deal little in physical description.' By omitting the words here printed in italics, (from will to small,) you represent Mr. Combe as having contradicted himself in the most inconsistent manner, and reduce his correct description to sheer nonsense. Now it is possible that the mis-statement about Self-Esteem, and the mis-quotation about Individuality, may both be mere blunders, not deliberate falsifications. But taking them in this most favourable construction, what are we to think of your ignorance or your carelessness, in allowing them to go forth as true expositions of the ideas of phrenologists, and even as the very words of Mr. Combe!" Dr. Roget says :— "The fact that the brain of Cuvier was of unusual magnitude, has been triumphantly proclaimed in all the publications on Phrenology; but we are not aware that any phrenologist has brought forward the equally well-certified fact, that the brain of Sir Walter Scott was found on examination to be 'not large.’ To this, his opponent replies : "It was chiefly in the anterior region, or the seat of intellect, that Cuvier's brain was so voluminous; and no phrenologist competently instructed in his science would have expected to find the brain of Scott a counterpart to that of Cuvier. Anxious as you may be to find a flaw in Phrenology, you will scarcely venture to affirm that the writing of pleasant stories and embellishing of historical anecdotes, from the sordid desire of accumulating wealth or gratifying family vanity, required as much intellectual vigour as was necessary for successfully carrying on the profound researches of Cuvier, acquiring an immense and most varied fund of information, adding largely to the stock of human knowledge, and exercising a most powerful influence over Scott was eminent science and men of science. in his own department undoubtedly, but that department was not one requiring the highest mental endowments.” You must now, Sir, permit me to travel a little "out of the record," for the purpose of adverting to another paper in The Phrenological Journal, "On the size of Sir Walter Scott's Brain, and the Phrenological Development indicated by his Bust," from the pen of Mr. Combe. The paper is altogether full of interest, but I can call your attention to only one or two passages. After exposing the insufficiency of the post mortem examination of Sir Walter Scott's head, in which it was most vaguely stated, without weight or admeasurement, that the brain was not large,' Mr. Combe states as follows: : "In January, 1831, Mr. Lawrence Macdonald, sculptor, now settled in Rome, lived for several days at Abbotsford, and modelled a bust of Sir Walter Scott. Mr. Macdonald was then a practical phrenologist. He knew that no bust, authentic in the measurements of Sir Walter's head, existed; and he bestowed every possible attention to render his work a true representation of nature. He assured me that he measured the size of the head in different directions with callipers, and preserved the dimensions in the clay; while he modelled every portion of the surface with the utmost care, so as to exhibit the outlines and proportions as exactly as his talents could accomplish. Sir Walter sat four hours at a time to him, dictating a romance all the time to his amanuensis, Mr. Laidlaw. Sir Walter's vigour, both bodily and mental, had by that time declined; and his features had lost part of their mental expression. The bust bears evidence in the features, of this decay of power; but there is no reason to believe that the disease had, at that time, existed so long as to cause any diminution of the skull. This bust, therefore, forms the best record which now exists of the dimensions and relative proportions of the different parts of Sir Walter Scott's head." The measurements follow, with the size of the respective organs, shewing that "the head was really large." "It will be remarked," adds Mr. Combe," that cautiousness and conscientiousness are much inferior in size to benevolence and veneration; and this fact appears to me to coincide perfectly with Sir Walter's manifestations." Secretiveness is also "large," and acquisitiveness "full.” What follows is important, as presenting the admirably correct estimate which Mr. Combe has formed of Sir Walter Scott's actual powers: "I have seen a cast purporting to be one of Sir Walter Scott's head, and which is said to have been taken in Paris; but it is widely at variance with Mr. Macdonald's bust, and also with my recollection of Sir Walter's head; which I have seen at least a thousand times, and closely observed. It was the highest head from the ear to Veneration that I ever beheld, and in the lower region of the anterior lobe, as well as in Benevolence, Imitation, and Wonder, it had few equals. The only evidence which could be appealed to in support of the assertion of its being small, is the fact, that he wore a small hat; but the hat affords a measure of the circumference only, and not of the height or whole magnitude of the head, and therefore does not afford a measure of the size of the head that can be relied on for scientific purposes. In Sir Walter's head, the upper and lateral portions of the forehead were only full; Cautiousness was rather full, and Concentrativeness only moderately developed; which organs collectively determine the dimensions of the circumference of the hat; while the forehead and coronal region towered high into its artificial cavity, without rendering any enlargement in that quarter necessary. "While, therefore, I controvert the statement that Sir Walter's brain was not large, and maintain that in the propensities, in the lower region of the anterior lobe, in the middle of the anterior lobe, and in the coronal region, it was actually large, I do not subscribe to the opinion that Sir Walter Scott stood in the highest rank of intellectual, and much less of general mental greatness. In exact correspondence with those regions of his brain which were large, he manifested vigorous observing and descriptive powers; with a vast insight into human feeling and action. But also in correspondence with those parts of the brain which were not largely developed, he was deficient in philosophic penetra tion and comprehensiveness: he has not struck out, or even adopted or embodied, any great moral or intellectual principle calculated to excite his race to improvement: and his poetry wants the splendid elevation of that of Shakspeare, Milton, and Byron. In short, he was an extraordinary man in an extensive but still in a limited and secondary sphere; and this is all that truth permits us to say of his genius." But I must hasten to a close with Dr. Towards the Roget, as there is yet another subject upon 66 Pray have you left the system to sink or swim by its own strength, without any effort made against it by yourself? Has it not, on the contrary, been repudiated by you? And have you not, in the jesuitical essay calling forth this Letter in reply, endeavoured to procure its repudiation by others? Have not Drs. Brown, Gordon, Barclay, Tupper, Kidd, Hope, Sir Charles Bell, Sir William Hamilton, Lord Jeffrey, and many others of less note, with several of the Reviews, Magazines, and Newspapers, also repudiated the system? In the present day, indeed, it finds more numerours supporters than enemies; but this is just the natural result of a free discussion of doctrines founded in truth. The time, however, is not very long since Lord Jeffrey objected to Phrenology on the score of its novelty,' and boasted that the great body of the public concurred with him in repudiating it. That boast is now gone for ever. Though the great body of the public do not yet in any way support Phrenology, they do not repudiate it; and looking to the very numerous and able supporters of the science, in the present day, in contrast with the far fewer and (where able) mostly aged opponents still remaining, it requires little foresight to know that Phrenology must soon cease to be repudiated on the score either of novelty or of alleged extravagance. What authority will then be attached to your essay? What respect will then be associated with your name? The aspirant for posthumous reputation will have no reason to covet either the authority or the respect. Your article 'CRANIOSCOPY' would have been hereafter held only a pardonable error, having been written at a period when the discoveries of Gall were almost universally disputed in this country; but your article 'PHRENOLOGY' will cause your name to become a warning against injustice and prejudice. What share of credit might have otherwise attached to Dr. Roget, a physiologist, must now fade away from Dr. Roget, the anti-phrenologist. In thus writing against a subject, on which you are ignorant, you have rendered yourself an illustration of the poet's satire, that, "A man must serve his time to every trade, Save censure-Critics all are ready made." "By your manner of writing against that subject, you have, indeed, shown what the same poet calls "A mind well-skilled to find or forge a fault ;" and for that, you may anticipate all the respect it is likely to procure you, either with cotemporaries or succesors.' It must be in your recollection, Sir, that, at the last year's meeting of the British Association, at Newcastle, much discussion took place respecting the supposed skull of the notorious Eugene Aram. In the Phrenological Journal, Mr. James Simpson, of Edinburgh, has very ably and interestingly taken up the subject. He observes :— “In August last, when at Newcastle, attending the British Association's meeting, I was accosted in the street by a stranger, who asked me to accompany him to a sculptor's hard by, to see, as he said, a remarkable skull. On his assurance that it was the skull of a very uncommon character, I complied, and at the same time he introduced himself as Dr. Inglis, a physican at Rippon in Yorkshire. I had no hesitation, on the first glance at the skull, to declare that it must have contained the brain of a selfish, violent, and dangerous person, who was at the same time cunning cautious, and dishonest, without moral control, with a limited intellect, but some taste and even poetical feeling. Having kept no note of this off-hand opinion, I cannot be precise as to its words, but I think that was its substance. I was then told by Dr. Inglis that I had in hands the skull of the far-famed Eugene Aram, executed in 1759, for the murder of Daniel Clark, and hung in chains in the forest of Knaresborough; and that he, Dr. Inglis, was to read a paper to the Medical Section of the Association in defence of Eugene Aram, when he was to exhibit the skull in proof of his innocence. Convinced as I was of the indications of the skull being all the other way, I said that if I had a doubt of the question of Aram's guilt before, the skull would have removed it." my opinion. I received it before leaving Newcastle, Development and sketch of character by the 66 Size average. Anterior lobe long, but nei- 4. 7. Secretiveness, left side large. 8. Acquisitiveness, left side full. 9. Constructiveness, right rather large, left full. Alimentiveness, moderate on right, full on left. Self-Esteem, large. 10. 11. Love of Approbation, rather large. 17. 18. Wonder, full. ? moderate. 19. Ideality, full. 25. Weight, full, but uncertain, from the sinus. 26. Colour, moderate. 27. Locality, moderate; but sinus. 28. Number, moderate. It will be remembered, that when Dr. Inglis read his paper before the medical section, a long discussion followed upon the identity of the skull, as that of Eugene Aram. The moral evidence of that identity was, I think, perfect. By the attention of Dr. Inglis, Mr. Simpson was enabled to send a cast of the skull to Edinburgh just 33. Language, cannot tell in a cast. * in time to be examined by Mr. George 34. Comparison, rather full. Combe previously to his departure for Ame- 35. Causality, full. rica. Here is the extraordinary result;— "Intimation of the person was given him in a sealed inclosure, which he was not to open till he had written down his opinion. With this injunction he so scrupulously obeyed, as to post his answer, confirmed by his brother, Dr. Andrew Combe, before he opened the inclosure. The joint written judgment of these eminent phrenologists, more deliberately given, is a striking confirmation of my own more hasty verbal "The intellectual organs are well marked, but on a small scale. "I am not informed concerning the education, rank in life, or temperament of the individual, the cast of whose skull has this day been sent to me. I can therefore speak only of his disposition and talents in general. The brain has been of an average size, indicating medium power of mind. The region of the lower propensities de * The skull indicated Language large. cidedly predominates. He might show consi- whole, indicates a man of low natural disposiderable activity in the domestic affections, when tions, with as much of the higher powers as to not influenced by his temper, which was hot. render him dangerous by his talents and plauHe was irascible and vindictive. He was proud sibility; but not enough of them to render him, and essentially selfish, yet, to serve a purpose, in ordinary circumstances, amiable and virtuous. he might exhibit great plausibility of manner. †-Edinburgh, 31st August, 1838, G. C. This His intellectual faculties were intense in action, was checked by A. C." rather than comprehensive and vigorous. He had talents for observation and for the sciences, which depend chiefly upon observation. His reflecting powers were good, but limited in comprehensiveness as well as in depth. He had some taste; possessed talents for the imitative arts, and could have been an actor. He was not a stranger to benevolent feeling; but his benevolence was greatly inferior to his selfishness. He was not scrupulous. The head, on the In the original draft of the character, which I have seen, Mr. Combe added here, but scored it out with pencil, "and could assume a softness and delicacy of speech and action forming a striking contrast to the cold, malignant, and self-seeking soul within." Here, again, in the first sketch were the fol If Dr. Roget possess common candour or honesty, I should like to know what he would say to this. Excuse me, Sir, for trespassing so far upon your time and space. I am, &c. Ꮎ lowing striking words, but, like the former perhaps, thought strong, and scored out: "His brain, on the whole, resembles very much that of David Haggart, who was a man of talents, but a thief and swindler by profession, and incidentally a murderer; only this individual had more taste and refinement, and less reflecting intellect, than Haggart." THE WRECK. ""Childe Harold's Pilgrimage," "Lyrical Poems," &c. By the Author of "The Siege of Zaragoza," THEY are gone, they are gone, to the unseen | Their loves—their hatreds-where are they now? caves Of the wide and trackless deep, As it speeds on its swift and reckless way, Not one of the living may ever know ;— In the gulph where rests all love and hate; Their name, their lineage, their former fate. That sleeps in many an unknown grave. That deck which the feet of the dying trod; And his oath takes place of the frantic shriek That in life's last gurgle called upon God. A drifted spar, and a broken mast, And a board where their last sad meal was spread, Are all that remain to the wistful eye Of those the unshrouded-the nameless dead. LETTER OF BERNARD LINTOT THE BOOKSELLER. From the Original in the Collection of a Lady. Please to send the letter L of Mrs Philips's letters by the Waterman to be wrought off, the preface coppy of Verses &a which you are so good to supply, will be next wanted, these I hope a Day or two will compleat and sent to Sr June 28, 1728 Yr most oblidgd If James of Gardening on large paper be worth yr acceptance, tis at yr Service, the only favour I desire is that youd recomend it to yr Friends as you like it. (Addressed) То If it be proper to present Mr Pope wth one, you will advise me. He may recomend it to many ffriends. Sr Clemt Cotterel at Twickenam. MEN, WOMEN, AND EVENTS OF THE MONTH BEFORE US. MARCH. Agémens of March.-The Sage of the Weather.-Electioneering Preliminaries.—Birthdays.—Martial, the Epigrammatist." Remarkable Coincidence."-Birth of the "Spectator."-A Poetical Triumvirate Waller, Davenant, and Otway.-Lord Somers.-Michael Angelo and Raffaelle.Guicciordini and Charles V.-Playfair.-Tasso.-Bishop Berkeley's Modesty and Virtue.-Dr. Priestley and the Birmingham Riots.-Boileau.-Le Brun, Duke of Placentia.-Ovid the Poet, and the Queen of Hanover.-Rapin, the Historian.-Haydn and Beethoven.—Another “Remarkable Coincidence."-S. Gesner, John Wesley, and Horace Walpole.-Saladin, Sultan of Egypt.-Correggio, the Painter; H. Warton, the Divine; Dr. Arne, the Composer; and Volta, the Experimental Philosopher.-Dr. Parr.-Lord Collingwood.—William III. and Sir Willliam Chambers. Rizzio, Mary Queen of Scots, and Elizabeth of England.-Unengraved Portrait of Queen Elizabeth.-Beaumont and Fletcher.-Dryden, Shakspeare, and Manager Macready.Messinger. Dr. Clarke, the Traveller, and Mrs. Barbauld. Sir John Denham and President West.-Dr. Gregory.—Archbishop Herring.—Admiral Byng, Mr. Croker, and Sir John Barrow.-Klopstock's "Messiah," and Milton's "Paradise Lost."-Julius Cæsar.-Dr. Burnet and his Ruined World.—Sir J. E. Smith.-Sir R. Walpole, Sterne, and Horne Tooke.-Captain Coram.—Sir Isaac Newton.-Cranmer and the Oxford Memorial.—Göethe and his Mignon.Scott's Plagiarisms.-Evelyn.-Sir John Vanburgh.-James I. and Bishop Stillingfleet.-Sir Ralph Abercromby.-William Hunter the Anatomist.-The Georgium Sidus, Pallas, and Vesta. -Eclipse of the Sun.-First Recorded Eclipse of the Moon.-Battle of Alexandria.-Peace of Amiens.-Sicilian Vespers.-The Allied Sovereigns in Paris.-Saint's Days, and other Days of Note in March. WERE it within the range of possibility, we Much of all this, however, depends upon the comparative mildness or severity of the season; and, were it not that we have been accustomed to translate Master Murphy's predictions into their direct opposites, we should be led into the belief that this year, March will prove surpassingly kind. According to Murphy, then, we are to have nineteen fair days in March: one of them with wind, another with blowing weather, two gloomy, two with a rise of temperature, two with frost, and one with a fall of thunder. Such is Murphy's fair weather. Then he treats us with ten changeable days; one of them with hail showers, and another with the wind fresh from the south-west; and we have only two days of rain in the whole month. Nous verrons. Whether we may be on the eve of a dissolution of the ministry, and a consequent general election, the fates have not apprised us; but it is necessary for politicians, electors, &c. to be awake in March. On the first of the month, auditors and assessors of boroughs are to be elected; Lady-day, as every body knows, occurs on the 25th, when, or within fourteen days afterwards, overseers are to be appointed; and, on the 28th, which happens to be the first Thursday after the 25th, the poor law guardians are to be chosen. The birth-days of eminent men are numerous in March, as well as in every other month of the year. On the first of March, eighteen hundred and nine years ago, at Bilbils in Celtiberia-the Bubiera in modern Aragon—was born Marcus Va |