An institution to be ranked as a college must have at least six professors giving their entire time to college and university work, a course of four full years in liberal arts and sciences, and should require for admission not less than the usual four years of academic or high-school preparation, or its equivalent, in addition to the preacademic or grammar school studies.

A technical school, to be eligible, must have entrance and graduation requirements equivalent to those of the college, and must offer courses in pure and applied science of equivalent grade.

A tax-supported institution must be in receipt of an annual income of not less than $100,000.

An institution not supported by taxation, in order to meet the requirement in regard to endowment, must have a productive endowment of not less than $200,000 over and above any indebtedness of the institution.

In addition to the above conditions, the foundation specifies that, in so far as denominational control is concerned, institutions eligible to the benefits of the foundation are

Colleges, universities, and technical schools of requisite academic grade, not owned or controlled by a religious organization, whose acts of incorporation or charters specifically provide that no denominational test shall be applied in the choice of trustees, officers, or teachers, or in the admission of students.

The following constitute the standards adopted by the association for inclusion in its list of approved institutions:

The standard American college is a college with a four-year curriculum with a tendency to differentiate its parts in such a way that the first two years are a continuation of, and a supplement to, the work of secondary instruction as given in the high school, while the last two years are shaped more or less distinctly in the direction of special, professional, or university instruction. The following constitute the standards for accrediting colleges for the present year (1916):

1. The minimum scholastic requirement of all college teachers shall be equivalent to graduation from a college belonging to this association, and graduate work equal at least to that required for a master's degree. Graduate study and training in research equivalent to that required for the Ph. D. degree are urgently recommended, but the teacher's success is to be determined by the efficiency of his teaching, as well as by his research work.

2. The college shall require for admission not less than 14 secondary units, as defined by this association.

3. The college shall require not less than 120 semester hours for graduation. 4. The college shall be provided with library and laboratory equipment sufficient to develop fully and illustrate each course announced.

5. The college, if a corporate institution, shall possess a productive endowment of not less than $200,000.

6. The college, if a tax-supported institution, shall receive an annual income of not less than $100,000.

7. The college shall maintain at least eight distinct departments in liberal arts, each with at least one professor giving full time to the college work in that department.

8. The location and construction of the buildings, the lighting, heating, and ventilation of the rooms, the nature of the laboratories, corridors, closets, water supply, school furniture, apparatus, and methods of cleaning shall be such as to insure hygienic conditions for both students and teachers.

9. The number of hours of work given by each teacher will vary in the different departments. To determine this, the amount of preparation required for the class and the time needed for study to keep abreast of the subject,

together with the number of students, must be taken into account; but in no case shall more than 18 hours per week be required, 15 being recommended as a maximum.

10. The college must be able to prepare its graduates to enter recognized graduate schools as candidates for advanced degrees.

11. The college should limit the number of students in a recitation or laboratory class to 30.

12. The character of the curriculum, the efficiency of instruction, the scientific spirit, the standard for regular degrees, the conservatism in granting honorary degrees, and the tone of the institution shall also be factors in determining eligibility.

13. When an institution has, in addition to the college of liberal arts, professional or technical schools or departments, the college of liberal arts shall not be accepted for the approved list of the association unless the professional or technical departments are of an acceptable grade.

ACCREDITED HIGHER INSTITUTIONS.

PART IV.-JUNIOR COLLEGES.

ARIZONA.

There are no junior colleges in Arizona, but graduates of the State normal schools are entitled to 30 units blanket credit at the University of Arizona.

ARKANSAS.

Crescent College, Eureka Springs, is the only junior college in the State. It has been approved by the University of Arkansas on the basis of the work offered in its courses being equivalent to the first two years of work in the university courses.

CALIFORNIA.

The policy of the University of California with reference to students entering from junior colleges is formulated by the recorder of the faculties as follows:

THE JUNIOR COLLEGE AND THE UNIVERSITY.

It is the university's policy to give a year's credit for a year's work on the basis of credentials from other colleges, including junior colleges. Wherever there is evidence that the institution is doing a full year of work beyond the high school, the University will endeavor to give 32 units (slightly more in the engineering colleges) and to distribute these 32 units in a way that will equitably meet requirements for the junior certificate and the bachelor's degree. In the university, every lecture or recitation presupposes about two hours of outside preparation. In laboratory courses, the amount of work completed in the classroom is greater, and the amount of outside study relatively less, than in courses conducted by lecture or recitation, but the aggregate amount of work required for a unit of credit is in any case the same. It will therefore be seen that the normal university schedule of 16 units per half year implies about 48 hours per week of studious effort for 18 weeks. It has been estimated that the junior colleges as they are at present organized may complete 32 units per year by requiring five courses concurrently, each class meeting five periods per week in 40-minute periods throughout a 20-week semester. The same result may be obtained by having the classes or some of them meet four periods per week, the periods to be 45 or 50 minutes and the amount of outside preparation for the classwork to be proportionately greater than would be required if the meetings were five times weekly.

There is, of course, some danger in the situation so long as the university's test of the applicant's proficiency is primarily a time test, rather than a knowledge test. But the real unit for the application of the time test should be the unit of studious endeavor in or out of class, rather than the aggregate of hours or minutes spent in the classroom.