A.

Aachen, see Aix-la-Chapelle.
Aali Pasha, Turkish representative
at Congress of Paris, 1856, 151,
55, 71.
Abderrahman Bennis, Moroccan re-
presentative at Algeciras Con-
ference, 1906, 151, 59, 75.
Abdul-Medjid, Sultan, 152, 28.
Aberdeen, Earl of, 151, 122 note;

British representative at Con-
ference of London, 1830–3, 151,
54.

Aboukir, Bay of, French defeat,
1798, 152, 6.

Achmed Nessimi, Turkish repre-
sentative at Brest-Litovsk Con-
ference, 1917-8, 151, 164.

Acre, French defeat before, 1799,
152, 6.

Adams, John, on freedom of the
seas, 148, 40-1.
Aden, Gulf of, 150, 26.

Adrianople, protocol and armistice,
1878, 151, 35-7, 157; Peace of,
1829, 152, 24.
Ægean Sea, 151, 99.
Afghanistan, Anglo-Russian friction,
152, 36, agreement re, 1907,
152, 36.

Ahmed Rechid Bey, Turkish repre-
sentative at Conferences of Lon-
don, 1912-13, 151, 60.
Aix-la-Chapelle (Aachen), Congress
of, 151, 7, 152, 21.
Akerman, M., Swedish and Nor-

wegian representative at Con-
ference of Madrid, 1880, 151, 143.
Åland Islands, convention re, 1856,
151, 85.

Alaschkerd, Valley of, restored to
Turkey, 1878, 151, 92.
Albania, 152, 38; rebellion, 1821,
152, 23.

Alexander I, Tsar, accession, 1801,
148, 80; convention with Great
Britain, 1801, 152, 10; Holy
Alliance, 1815, inaugurated by,
152, 19-20; relations with Napo-
leon, 148, 81-2, 152, 12, 14;
death, 1825, 152, 20.

Alexander II, Tsar, 152, 33; alliance
with Emperors of Germany and
Austria-Hungary, 1872, 152, 31-

3.
Alexander III, Tsar, renewal of
alliance with Emperors of Ger-
many and Austria-Hungary, 1884,
152, 35.

Alexandria, prize court, 150, 82.
Algeciras Conference, 1906, Acte
Général, and additional protocol,
151, 94-6, 103, accession, 151,
119, ratifications, 151, 111; com-
mittees, 151, 75-6; place of
meeting, 151, 30; president, 151,
63;

procès-verbaux, 151, 80,
103; programme, 151, 48-50;
representation of the Powers,
151, 58-9; secretariat, 151, 65-
6; voting at, 151, 3, 4-5.

Ali Pacha of Janina, rebellion, 1821,
152, 23.

Almodóvar del Río, Spanish repre-

sentative at Algeciras Conference,
1906, 151, 59; elected President,
151, 63.

Amakuru river, freedom of navi-
gation, 149, 40.

Amazon river, American claim to
free navigation on, 149, 3 note,
44, 59.
American War of Independence,
1776-83, 148, 4, 39-41.
Amiens, convention, 1871, 151,
154;
negotiations at, between
Great Britain and France, 1801-2,
151, 6; Peace of, 1802, 152, 8,
10.
Andrássy, Count Julius, Austrian
representative at Congress of
Berlin, 1878, 151, 56, 62.
Anhalt - Bernburg, agreement
River Elbe, 1821, 149, 28.
Anspach, M., Belgian representa.
tive at Conference of Madrid,
1880, 151, 143.

re

Anstett, at Congress of Vienna,
1814-15, 151, 53, 68, 70.
Antilles, American trade with, 148,
68-9.

Apponyi, Count Albert, Austrian
representative at Conference,

A

Armed Neutralities, 148, 9, 18-19;
First, 1780, 148, 4, 16, 42-60;
Second, 1800, 148, 4, 72-80, 152,
8-10; abandonment of principles
of, 148, 87-90.

Arnim, Count Harry von, German
representative at negotiations

with France, 1871, 151, 155, 157.
Artois, Comte d', armistice with
Emperor of Austria, 1814, 151,
31-2, 122-4.

Asser, M., and Suez Canal, 150, 18.
Athos, Mount, 151, 99.

11;

against

Auerstädt, battle of, 1806, 152, 12.
Austerlitz, battle of, 1805,
Austria-Hungary, abandonment of
armed neutrality principles, 148,
88, 89 note; agreement re River
Elbe, 1821, 149, 28; agreement
with Russia, 1804, 152,
Algeciras Conference, see that title;
alliance with German and Russian
Emperors, 1872, 152, 31-3, re-
newal, 1884, 152, 35; alliance
with Prussia, 1792, 152, 4;
alliance with Russia
France, 1798, 152, 7;
tion of Bosnia, 151, 5; armistice,
1814, 151, 122-6; attitude re
international rivers, 149, 41-2;
and Balkan War, 152, 38; Berlin
Congress and Conference, see those
titles; Bosnia and Herzegovina,
occupation and administration,
151,91; Brest-Litovsk Conference,
1917-8, 151, 163-6; coalition
against France, 152, 5, 11-12,
16;
Convention of Armed
Neutrality adhered to by, 1781,
148,

annexa-

54; and River Danube,
149, 9 note, 30-1, 31, 32, 34, 62,
63, 65; defeats by France, and
peace made, 1796-7 and 1801,
152, 5-6, 8; defensive alliance
with Germany against Russia,

Austria-Hungary-cont.

1879, 152, 33-4; Eastern policy,
1853-54, 152, 29, 30; and free
navigation on River Po, 149, 29-
30, 41; and free navigation of
rivers and canals of Poland, 149,
29; Holy Alliance, 1815, 152,
19-20; International Naval Con-
ference, London, 1908-9, see that
title; intervention in Egypt after
Mehemet Ali's insurrection, 1839,
150, 5-6; London, Conference of,
see that title; Madrid, Con-
ference of 1880, see that title;
Paris, Conference of, see that
title; policy re Greeks and
Turks, 152, 23; policy towards
Serbia, 1913-4, 152, 39; quad-
ruple alliance, 1815, 152, 20-2;
quadruple alliance against Me-
hemet Ali, 1840, 152, 26-8;
refusal to attend Conference in
London re Greek question, 1827,
152, 24; separate peace with
France, 1805, 1809, 152, 12, 14;
and Suez Canal, 150, 19, 22-35, 97-
101; support of Napoleon against
Russia, 1812, 152, 15; Treaty
with North-German Confedera-
tion, 1870, Art. I, re Elbe tolls,
149, 50; Treaty of Prague, 1866,
151, 147-50; Treaty with Russia.
148, 67; Treaty of Vienna, 1866,
151, 150-1; Treaty of Zürich,
1859, 151, 144-6; Triple Alliance,
1882, 152, 34; Vienna, Congress
of, see that title; war with
France, 1809, 152, 13-4; war
with Prussia, 152, 31.
Austrian Netherlands, revolutionary
outbreak, 1792, 152, 3.
Azeglio, d', Italian representative
at Conference of London, 1867,
151, 55.

B.

Bacheracht, B., Russian represent-
ative at Algeciras Conference,
1906, 151, 59, 75.
Baden, accession to Treaty of
Vienna, 1815, 151, 115; armistice,
1866, 151, 149; attitude re
navigation of the Rhine, 149,
25; coalitions against France,
152, 16, 18 note.

Balan, Herr von, German repre-
sentative at Brussels Conference,
1871, 151, 155.