24. But I prefer, that the deep earth should gape open beneath me. 26. Erebi,' the place of darkness, the lower world. 6 27-8. Before I violate thee, O Chastity, or break thy laws; that is, my duties to thee. 6 'meos amores'; all my inclination to love. 30. Thus having spoken, she filled the bosom of Anna with the tears that burst forth. The tenderness and pathos of this speech are admirable. 31-3. 'refert,' answers: luce,' than life: sorori'; Gr. § 225. II. Will you, solitary, pine away all your youthful years in grieving for the dead? nôris,' from 'nosco; Gr. § 162. 7; seek to know, or to acquire: 'præmia Veneris,' the pleasures of married life, among which dulces natos may be reckoned. 34. Do you imagine, that your buried husband will be angry? 35-8.mariti, suitors: ægram,' 'te' understood; sick with grief: Libya'; Gr. § 221. Rem. 1; then, changing the construction, Ty ro'; Gr. § 221. Rem. 2. Iarbas was an African prince, a suitor of Dido. triumphis Dives,' abounding in triumphs, expressive of their warlike character. 6 placitone — amori,' will you strive against even a love that is acceptable to you? 40-4. 'insuperabile, invincible. The 'Gætuli' and 'Numidæ' were two fierce African tribes, near Carthage. Syrtis,' a gulf on the African shore, dangerous from its flat and shelving coast; here put for the people who inhabited its shores. 'deserta siti,' uninhabitable from drought. Barcæi'; Barce, a city of Cyrenaica, was not founded at this period; the word therefore stands for the inhabitants of the place, where it was afterwards established. Germanique minas,' and the threats of your brother. 45-7. Junone - carinas,' by the favor of Juno, the tutelary goddess of Carthage, the Trojan ships have held their course hitherward with the wind. 'Quam cernes,' what a city, O sister, you will see this become! Anna augurs great advantages from the Trojan alliance. 49. To how great a height will the glory of Carthage rise! 6 50-3. sacris litatis,' having offered acceptable sacrifices. Orion'; see note to Book I. 535. Quassat,' are in a shattered condition: non cœlum,' and the weather is unfavorable for navigation. 55. solvit pudorem,' lessened her shame at yielding to love. 56-9. pacem- Exquirunt,' and seek to propitiate the gods at the altars. Legiferæ,' the maker of laws; because this goddess invented the arts and customs of civilized life, among which was the institution of marriage. 'Lymo'; see note to Geor. II. 229. 'cui - curæ,' sunt understood; Gr. § 227; who presides over the nuptial tie. 62. 'ora deûm'; the images of the gods placed upon the altars : 'pingues aras'; the altars loaded with fat victims. 63-7. And renews the sacrifices throughout the day, and, hanging eagerly over the opened bodies of the victims, the sheep, consults the palpitating entrails. The eagerness of Dido to know her fate is finely portrayed, and the poet breaks out into the affecting exclamation, which follows. 'Heu-juvant,' Alas, for the ignorant minds of the soothsayers! Of what use are votive offerings, and sacred shrines, to the frantic lover? mollis flamma,' the pleasing flame of love: 'est' from 'edo'; Gr. § 181; consumes. 'vivit'; applied to a fresh wound, that will not cicatrize. 69-72. 'qualis - Nescius,' like a hind, pierced by an arrow, which the shepherd, pursuing with his weapons amid the woods of Crete, has wounded from a distance, while off its guard, and has abandoned the winged dart, not knowing that it had reached its mark. A more beautiful simile, to describe the effects of unhappy love, cannot be found in ancient or modern poetry. The image in itself is elegant and pathetic, and the comparison is perfect. What follows is worthy of the context. 75-7. Sidonias'; see note to Book I. 446. She begins to speak, and breaks off in the midst of what she intended to say. 'eadem'; Gr. § 207. Rem. 27. 'labente die,' at the close of day. 80-4. Post-premit,' afterwards, when the others had gone, and the faint moon, in turn, withdrew her light: stratis videtque,' she reclines on his abandoned couch; though absent, she still hears, still sees him. 'Ascanium'; we are to suppose, that the counterfeit Ascanius is now gone, and the real one has taken his place. . 88-9. minæ Murorum'; a fine expression for the menacing aspect of lofty walls. 90-1. As soon as the dear spouse of Jupiter perceived, that she was filled with such a destructive passion, and that care for her reputation put no restraint on her frantic conduct. 93-4. Egregiam tuus,' truly, you and your boy (Cupid) obtain fine praise and a great victory in this contest. The bitter irony of Juno betrays true spite. nomen,' 'est tibi' understood; reputation, glory. 97-100. Have looked with suspicion on the buildings of lofty Carthage; 'Suspectas habuisse'; Gr. § 274. Rem. 4. But what will be the termi nation of this quarrel; of what use are so great contests now? 'Quin potiùs Exercemus,' let us rather make and abide by. 6 102-4. paribus - Auspiciis,' and let us govern with equal power; as taking the auspices was part of the ceremony in electing and installing a magistrate, it is here put, by metonymy, for the authority or office itself. liceat - marito,' let Dido become a slave to a Phrygian husband; the word 'servire' marks her suppressed indignation and impatience at proposing even this compromise, in which her aim, evidently, is only to keep Æneas away from Italy. Dotales,' as a dowry. 105-7 In this order; contrà Venus Sic ingressa est loqui Olli,' for Illi': 'Quò oras, in order that she might transfer the appointed kingdom in Italy to the African shores, to Carthage. 109-11. Provided only, that good fortune should attend the action, which you suggest. But the Fates make me doubtful, whether Jupiter is willing, that there should be one and the same city for the Tyrians and for those who have come from Troy; that is, the Fates, which have appointed Eneas to be the founder of a kingdom in Italy. 113-4. Tu,' 'es' understood. Perge; sequar,' go on with your plan; I will follow, and assist in its execution. sic excepit, orationem' understood; thus received what Venus said; or, thus answered. 115-9. This shall be my task. Now attend, and I will inform you, in a few words, how that which already impends, may be accomplished. 'parant ire Venatum '; Gr. § 276. II. ubi — Titan, when to-morrow's sun has showed itself, at earliest morn. One of the Titans, the son of Hyperion, is often put for the sun. 120-2. In this order; infundam Desuper His nigrantem nimbum,' &c., I will bring upon them, from above, a black cloud: Dum — ale,' while the horsemen on the wings hasten; the persons who were sent out on either hand to surround the game. 'tonitru'; Minerva and Juno, as well as Jupiter, had power over the thunder. 125. I will be there, and if your consent is assured to me. 126. Repeated from Book I. 73; see note to that line. 127-8. Non-repertis,' Cytherea, (see note to Book I. 257.) not unwillingly, granted the request, and laughed at the detected stratagem. 130. The chosen youths go forth from the gates at sunrise. 131-2. lato-ferro,' the hunting spears with broad iron heads. The Massyli' were an African tribe in the vicinity of Carthage. 'odora - vis,' a keen-scented pack of dogs. 134-6. ostro-mandit,' the steed, ornamented with trappings of purple and gold, stands waiting, and champs the foaming bits. progreditur, Dido' understood. 137-8. Covered with a Sidonian mantle having an embroidered hem. ' pharetra,' 'erat' understood: 'in aurum,' in a golden circlet. 142. Æneas comes as her companion, and joins his band of hunters to that of the Tyrians. A magnificent comparison follows, in which Eneas with his handsome person and noble carriage is likened to Apollo, the lord of the silver bow, going in state over the mountains. 143-5. Like Apollo, when he quits Lycia and the streams of Xanthus, his winter abode, and visits his maternal island of Delos. It was the custom of the gods to shift their quarters at different seasons of the year. During the winter months, Apollo delivered oracles at Patara, a city of Lycia, near the river Xanthus, and during a part of the summer, at his natal island. 'Instaurat choros,' and renews the dance and song, the choruses instituted in honor of the god. 146. The Dryopes' were a tribe that came from Thrace to the Peloponnesus. The Agathyrsi' were also of northern descent. These wild northern races often tattooed themselves, like our South Sea islanders. The enumeration represents the confluence of people from all quarters of the globe, to consult the oracle of Apollo. There is a Miltonic magnificence of diction in these lines. 147-50.molli - auro,' bringing together his rounds them with a soft chaplet of leaves, and binds clasp. 'Haud - segnior,' no less active than he much beauty shone in his noble countenance. 153-5. aliâ glomerant,' in another direction, the stags come sweep; ing over the open fields, and crowd together as they fly, a troop covered with dust. flowing locks, surthem with a golden tantum - ore,' so 156-9. A graphic sketch of a fine-spirited boy, entering with full glee into the sport. 'jamque illos,' now gallops by this party, now by that. pecora inertia, among the unresisting herds, such as deer and wild goats, which the beardless youth considers as unworthy objects of his prowess. 160. murmure,' the growling of a coming storm. 163-4. Dardanius Veneris, Ascanius: diversa Tecta,' differ ent places of shelter among the rocks and trees. 166-8.Prima - Nymphæ,' the Earth and Juno, presiding over marriage, first gave the signal; lightning flashed, and the sky lowered, privy to the nuptials; the Nymphs shrieked from the mountain tops. Thus imitated by Milton; "Earth felt the wound, and Nature from her seat, Sighing through all her works, gave signs of woe; - Mournful omens attend the consummation of Dido's fault, and shadow forth its unhappy consequences. The Earth personified was one of the deities that presided over marriage. 170. 'Neque movetur,' for she is not moved by appearances, nor by the scandal attending her fault. 1746. This description of "Slander," or sonified, is truly grand and poetical. 'malum is so swift as this; it grows by motion, and gains progress. 'metu,' to express the timidity and slander commences. common report" pereundo,' no other evil fresh strength in its caution with which 177. Οὐρανῷ ἐστήριξε κάρη, καὶ ἐπὶ χθονί βαίνει. Homer. 178-80. The parent Earth, as they relate, irritated by the enmity of the gods, brought forth this pest, the youngest sister of Caus and Enceladus, swift of foot and fleet of wing. Cous and Enceladus, giant sons of Earth, made war against heaven, and were defeated. 181-2. quot-subter,' as many watchful eyes beneath her plumage, as she has feathers on her body. 185-6. lumina,' for oculos': 'Luce,' by day. 188. As positive in relation to what is false and slanderous, as she is eager to promulgate what is true. 189-90. multiplici sermone,' with various reports: 'facta atque infecta,' reality and fiction. 193. They were now luxuriously passing the winter season together, however long it might be; that is, the whole of the winter. 195. in ora virum,' in the hearing of men. 193. He, descended from Jupiter Ammon by a ravished Garamantian nymph, erected many altars to his supposed father. Ammon was the African surname of Jupiter, to whom there was a celebrated temple in a region west of Egypt and north of the Garamantian country. 201. Excubias -æternas,' the eternal watch-fires of the gods, a poetical expression for the flames constantly rising at their altars. 204-7. media supinis,' surrounded by the images of the gods, as a suppliant, with outstretched hands, made many prayers to Jove. cui honorem, to whom the Moorish nation, feasting on embroidered couches, now pours out the libation of wine. Lenæum; see note to Geor. II. 4. 208-10. quum-torques,' when thou wieldest the thunder. 'cæci,' falling at random: 'et- miscent,' and send forth empty sounds. 213-4. 'leges loci,' dominion over the spot: dominum,' as a master, and not a husband, or rightful participant of her throne. 215-8. And now this Paris, with his effeminate attendants, a Phrygian cap fastened under his chin, and his hair well oiled, possesses her as a spoil; and I, indeed, bring gifts to your temples, and enjoy the idle reputation of being your son. The Trojan Paris, more famous for making love than war, became a by-word for an effeminate coxcomb. 'Mœoniâ,' here used as synonymous with Phrygia,' though the nations were really distinct. rapto '; Gr. § 245. 6 219.aras tenentem was the usual posture of a suppliant. 223-6. Go, son, call the Zephyrs, and glide downwards on your wings. Alloquere Dardanium ducem,' accost the Trojan leader: qui nunc Exspectat,' who now tarries: non respicit,' has no regard for. 227-8. His beautiful mother did not lead me to expect such a character in him, nor for such a reason did she twice save him from the arms of the Greeks. Once, before the walls of Troy, when Eneas was nearly overpowered in fight with Diomed, Venus snatched him away in a cloud; and afterwards, she saved him from the flames of the city. 229-31.Sed regeret,' but she promised, that he should be one who would govern Italy pregnant with empire and rejoicing in war; 'frementem,' a figure taken from the war-horse, impatient for the fight. Proderet genus,' should create a nation. 233-5. If he will not undertake the task for his own glory, will he, a father, deprive Ascanius of the opportunity to found the Roman citadels?super' for 'pro.' Quid struit, what are his designs? 236-7. Lavinia'; see note to Book I. 2. 'Navigetest,' let him set sail; this is the substance of my commands. 239-41. et Aurea,' and first he binds the golden winged sandals upon his feet. Mercury is represented with wings to his sandals and his cap. 6 que portant sublimem,' which bear him on high: 'rapido — flamine,' fleetly as the swift gale. 242. Tum capit,' then he takes the staff; that is, the Caduceus, a wand with two small wings at the upper end, and entwined with two serpents, which Mercury always carried. With this he put to sleep whomever he pleased, closed the eyes of the dying, and conducted their souls to Hades, or, when occasion required, recalled them thence. 244-6. et-resignat,' and closes the eyes of mortals in death: 'Illâ fretus, relying on this, 'agit,' he drives before him: apicem,' the summit. 247. Of much enduring Atlas, who supports the heavens on his head; see note to Book I. 741. The mountain of this name in Africa is of so great height, though in a low latitude, that its top is crowned with perpetual snow. Its sides are covered with rich vegetation. 250-1. 'tum- barba,' rivers also flow down the chin of the old man, and his bristling beard is stiff with ice. The mountain is poetically described at once as a giant, and with its proper attributes. Præcipitant,' 'se' understood. . 252-5. Cyllenius'; see note to Geor. I. 337. 'nitens paribus alis,' poising on equal wings. hinc - Misit,' thence he threw himself headlong, with the whole force of his body, towards the Mediterranean waves: similis avi quæ volat humilis,' like a bird which flies low. 258.Cyllenia proles'; Mercury: ab Materno avo'; from Atlas, who was the father of Maia, the mother of the god. The authenticity of this line and the two preceding is very doubtful. 259-60. magalia'; see Book I. 421; the word is Carthaginian, signifying huts: alatis plantis,' with his winged feet: tecta novantem,' erecting new private edifices. 261-4. atque erat,' he had a sword studded with topaz; 'iaspide fulva,' literally, with reddish jasper, but as jasper is green, the topaz is probably intended. Tyrio-humeris,' and an upper garment hung from his shoulders, glowing with Tyrian purple: et — - auro,' and had interwoven the warp with gold thread. 265-6. 'invadit,' addresses him: uxorius,' to please your wife. 268-9. In this order; Ipse Regnator deûm demittit me tibi': 'cœlum-torquet,' who moves heaven and earth with his power. 276-7. Debentur,' are due, are appointed by fate. Tali — reliquit,' Mercury, having spoken in such wise, became invisible to mortal sight in the midst of his speech; he broke off suddenly and disappeared. 279. But Eneas was stupefied, and struck dumb at the sight. 281. He longs to hasten his flight, and to leave the pleasant land. 283-4. Alas! what can he do? With what excuse may he dare approach the frantic queen? How make a beginning of what he has to say. He fears to tell Dido, that he must leave her, but the commands of the god leave him no alternative. 285-7. He turns his hurried mind now one way, now another, passes rapidly over different expedients, and considers every thing. To him, considering in turn all methods, this course seemed preferable. 289-90. Classem - taciti, jubet' understood; commands them silently to fit out the fleet; taciti; Gr. § 205. Rem. 15. 'cogant,' to bring together.' que-novandis,' what was the real cause of changing their employment. 291-4. interea - Nesciat,' meanwhile, since the excellent Dido knew nothing of the affair: non speret,' did not expect: sese Tentaturum modus,' he would himself seek access to her, and take the time which would be most fit for speaking, for breaking the matter gently, and the proper mode of managing the affair. All this preparation shows how Eneas dreaded the effect of his departure upon the love sick queen. 296-9. Præsensit dolos, had a foreboding of the plot: excepit,' perceived: Omnia timens,' fearing all things, even those that were safe, that gave no cause for fear. eadem - Fama'; the Fury described in lines 174-90. 'Detulit,' informed her. 300-3. inops animi,' having no control over her mind: 'incensa,' inflamed with passion. 'qualis — Cithæron,' like a Bacchanal, roused by the commencement of the rites, when the triennial orgies excite her, and shouts of "Bacchus are heard, and Citharon calls with a nocturnal tumult; see note to Geor. IV. 521. The Thebans celebrated a Bacchic festival once in three years, the women going out for that purpose to mount Citharon by night, and there shouting "Io Bacche," and com. mitting all sorts of extravagance. 305 – 6. · Dissimulare — nefas,' did you even hope, faithless one, that you could conceal so great a crime? 308-9. Nor Dido, about to perish by a cruel death, detain you? Do |