Geometrical and Graphical Essays: Containing a General Description of the Mathematical Instruments Used in Geometry, Civil and Military Surveying, Levelling, and Perspective; with Many New Practical Problems, Illustrated by Thirty-four Copper Plates |
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Page 17
... direction while operating : the blades should be wiped clean after use . * These directions are equally applicable to the ink point of the compasses , only observing , that when an arch or circle is to be described , of more than an ...
... direction while operating : the blades should be wiped clean after use . * These directions are equally applicable to the ink point of the compasses , only observing , that when an arch or circle is to be described , of more than an ...
Page 18
... direction . These compasses , though exceedingly useful , are but little known ; they are very serviceable in copy- ing all kinds of drawings , as from two fixed points they will always ascertain the exact position of a third point ...
... direction . These compasses , though exceedingly useful , are but little known ; they are very serviceable in copy- ing all kinds of drawings , as from two fixed points they will always ascertain the exact position of a third point ...
Page 22
... wheels being exactly of the same size , and their rolling surfaces being parallel to the axis ; when they are rolled backwards or forwards , the axis and rule will move in a direction parallel to themselves . 22 PARALLEL RULES .
... wheels being exactly of the same size , and their rolling surfaces being parallel to the axis ; when they are rolled backwards or forwards , the axis and rule will move in a direction parallel to themselves . 22 PARALLEL RULES .
Page 23
... direction parallel to themselves . The wheels are somewhat indented , to prevent their sliding on the paper ; small ivory cylinders are some- times affixed to the rollers , as in this figure ; they are called rolling scales . The ...
... direction parallel to themselves . The wheels are somewhat indented , to prevent their sliding on the paper ; small ivory cylinders are some- times affixed to the rollers , as in this figure ; they are called rolling scales . The ...
Page 25
... directions , are so evident from an inspec- tion of the figure , as to render a particular description unnecessary . It answers all the purposes of the T square and bevel , and is peculiarly useful to surveyors for plotting and ...
... directions , are so evident from an inspec- tion of the figure , as to render a particular description unnecessary . It answers all the purposes of the T square and bevel , and is peculiarly useful to surveyors for plotting and ...
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Geometrical and Graphical Essays, Containing, a General Description of the ... Sir William Jones,George Adams No preview available - 2015 |
Common terms and phrases
acres adjusted altitude avoirdupois axis beam compasses Bisect brass centre chains chord circle circumference circumferentor contained describe diameter difference direction ditto divided divisions draw a line edge error feet field book figure fixed foot girt given line given point gives ground height horizon glass horizontal inches instrument intersection length limb mark measure meridian method minutes move moveable needle nonius object observation offsets pantographer parallelogram perpendicular plane plate 9 plotting pole polygon PROBLEM proportion protractor quadrant radius right angles right ascension right line ruler scale of equal screw secant sector sextant shew shewn side sight sine slide slider socket spirit level square staff star station line straight line subtracted sun's survey taken tance tangent telescope theodolite tion toises transverse distance transverse measure trapezium triangle vanishing point vertical
Popular passages
Page 164 - Then ;As the sum of the two given sides, Is to their difference ; So is the tangent of half the sum of the two unknown angles. To the tangent of half their difference...
Page 50 - ... tangents, will be the centre sought. In the secant. The transverse distance of 0 and 0, or the. beginning of the secants, near the centre of the sector, will be the radius sought. Given the radius and any line representing a sine, tangent, or secant, to find the degrees corresponding to that line.
Page 52 - ... two points be very far distant, it is almost impossible to draw the line with accuracy and exactness ; a circular line may be described more easily, and more exactly, than a straight or any other line, though even then many difficulties occur, when the circle is required to be of a large radius. "And let no one consider these reflections as the effect of too scrupulous exactness, or as an unnecessary aim at precision; for, as the foundation of all our knowledge in geography, navigation, and astronomy,...
Page 44 - When a measure is taken on any of the sectoral lines beginning at the centre, it is called a lateral distance ; but when a measure is taken from any point on one line to its corresponding point on the line of the same denomination on the other leg, it is called a transverse or parallel distance. The divisions of each sectoral line are contained within three parallel lines, the innermost...
Page 44 - But if the measure be taken from any point in one line, to its corresponding point on the line of the same denomination, on the other leg, it is called a transverse or parallel distance, The divisions of each sectoral line are bounded by three parallel lines ; the, innermost of these is that on which the points of the compasses are to be placed, because this alone is the line which goes to the centre, and is alone, therefore, the sectoral line. We shall now proceed to give a few general instances...
Page 3 - When a straight line standing on another straight line, makes the adjacent angles equal to one another, each of the angles is called a, right angle ; and the straight line which stands on the other is called a perpendicular to it. 11. An obtuse angle is that which is greater than a right angle. 12. An acute angle is that which is less than a right angle. 13. A term or boundary is the extremity of any thing.
Page 2 - A plane superficies is that in which any two points being taken, the straight line between them lies wholly in that superficies.
Page 42 - The value of the divisions on most of the lines is determined by the figures adjacent to them ; these proceed by tens, which constitute the divisions of the first order, and are numbered accordingly ; but the value of the divisions on the line of lines, that are distinguished by figures, is entirely arbitrary, and may represent any value that is given to them ; hence the figures 1, 2, 3, 4, &c. may denote either 10, 20, 30, 40, or 100, 200, 300, 400, and so on.
Page 34 - ... of the larger divisions, extend the other along the sixth parallel to the seventh diagonal. For, if the five larger divisions be taken for 500, seven of the first subdivisions will be 70, which upon the sixth parallel, taking in six of the second subdivisions for units, makes the whole number 576. Or, if the five larger divisions be taken for five tens, or 50, seven of the first subdivisions will be seven units, and the six second subdivisions upon the sixth parallel, will be six tenths of an...