vertebræ, i. 186; experiments to cause the absorption of the pus, i. 188; treat- ment of lumbar abscess, i. 189; supported by Astley Cooper and Lawrence, i. 190; on the symptoms of the inflammation which sometimes supervenes after the ab- scess has been opened, i. 191; paronychia ungualis, i. 192; paronychia tendinosa, i. 193; paronychia osseosa, i. 194; on epiny- chia, or ulceration, with great thickening at the ends of the fingers, i. 194; on the cure of epinychia, i. 198; case of wounded meningeal artery, i. 301; on a costive state of the system preceding tetanus, i. 378; on the treatment of simple fracture of the skull with depression, without the tre- phine, i. 392; on puncturing the dura mater, to evacuate the effused blood, i. 407; only employs the trepan in injuries of the head, when secondary symptoms of irrita- tion and pressure require it, i. 412; on the use of a broad-chest bandage in emphy- sema, i.452; mode of treatment of wounded joints, i. 490; commended by South, i. 490; on the question of immediate am- putation in compound fractures, i. 518; on symptomatic fever, i. 521; the bracket splint, i. 523, 524; denies the possi- bility of simple dislocation of the spine, i. 534; on the operation of trepanning the spine, i. 541; on pseudo-syphilis, i. 651; on the means of distinguishing between true and false syphilis, i. 651; on the oc- casional spontaneous healing of chancre, i. 655; on the effects produced by the ligature on the arterial coats, ii. 219; on the application of two ligatures, and the division of the artery between them, ii. 222; case of ligature of the internal carotid, on account of a wound, ii. 233; case of ligature of the external iliac in the groin. ii. 258; on the ligature of the external iliac, ii. 261; on compression in the treatment of teleangiectasy, ii. 282; on passing the bougie in stricture of the urethra, ii. 359; on the use of metallic bougies, ii. 359; on hæmorrhage from the urethra after passing the bougie, ii. 365; on puncturing spina bifida ii. 468; on the division of tumours, ii. 647; on fungus hæmatodes, ii. 721; on the treatment of traumatic phlebitis, ii. 863; on the com- plete section of the nervous twig in cases of wound of a nerve-branch in bleeding, ii. 863; case of division of a nerve wounded in blood-letting, ii. 887; case of excision of part of the digital nerve, ii. 887; mode of amputating at the hip-joint, by the circular cut, ii. 934. ABSCESS, i. 34, 36; formation of the walls of, and the circumscription of the pus, i. 36; the walls are secreting and absorbing surfaces, i. 36; metastatic abscesses, i. 36; Travers on the lining membrane of an
abscess, i. 38; Hunter and Travers on the circumstances which determine an abscess to the surface, i. 38; cold or lymph ab- scess i. 45; abscess of congestion, i. 45; symptoms of cold abscess, i. 45; Mr. South's case of cold abscess, i. 45; Dr. Rigby on puerperal abscess, following contagious or adynamic puerperal fever, i. 47; when an abscess is ripe, it either opens of itself, or it must be opened, i. 87; small abscesses just beneath the skin, and those in glandular structures should alone be allowed to burst, i. 87; circumstances under which the early opening of ab- scesses is required, i. 87; circumstances under which abscesses are opened late, i. 87; South recommends the early opening of abscesses just beneath the skin, and in glandular structures, i. 87; opening of ab- scesses (oncotomia) effected by the knife, escharotics, and the seton, i. 88; deep ab- scesses with thick coverings should be opened with the bistoury, i. 88; South's condemnation of pressure and squeezing an abscess, i. 88; mode in which es- charotics are employed, i. 89; passing a seton through an abscess, i. 89; open- ing an abscess with a cutting instru- ment generally preferable, i. 89; South on opening an abscess, i. 89; treat- ment of cold abscess, i. 90; various plans for opening a cold abscess recommended by Abernethy, Beinl, Walther, Schaack, Rust, Nasse, Zang, and Callisen, i. 90; in selecting his plan of operating, the Surgeon must be guided by the difference of constitution, by the more or less weak state of the cellular walls, and by the size of the swelling, i. 90; constitutional treat- ment also required, i. 90; Kluge's plan of treating lymph abscesses, i. 91; further treatment after opening the abscess, i. 91; if there be deficiency of power in the part, stimulants may be used, but moist warm poultices are more effectual, i. 92; tonics may be given internally, i. 92; if the opening close too soon, the edges may be drawn asunder, or separated with a probe, i. 92; proud flesh repressed with caustic, i. 92; formation of fistulous pas- sages, i. 92; membrane of the fistula, first pointed out by Hunter, since described by Villermé, Laennec and Breschet, i. 92; Hunter's description of it, i. 92: treat- ment of the fistulous passage, i. 93; plans of treatment recommended by Lang- enbeck, H. Dewar, Cramer, Walther, and others, i. 93; Langenbeck's recom- mendation of the ligature, i. 93; atten- tion to the general health requisite during suppuration, i. 93; abscess of the tonsil, i. 140; opening an abscess of the tonsils with a guarded bistoury or the pharyngo- tome, i. 141; treatment after the pus has
been evacuated, i. 141; in rare cases the abscess becomes external under the jaw, i. 141; Allan Burns on the spontaneous bursting of the abscess, i. 141; it is at- tended with much danger, i. 142; details of a case in which the trachea was deluged with purulent matter, and death by suffo- cation ensued, i. 142; Burns' advice in such cases to tap the abscess with trocar and canula, i. 142; in most cases of ton- sillar abscess the action of emetics will cause the rupture of the abscess; if not, it must be opened, i. 142; Burns' and South's directions for opening a tonsillar abscess, i. 142; cases of fatal hæmorrhage consecutive to opening a tonsillar abscess mentioned by Portal, Allan Burns, Tyrrell, and Brodie, i. 142; Lawrence's case of alarming hæmorrhage from puncturing an immature tonsillar abscess, i. 142; abscess of the parotid gland sometimes of con- siderable magnitude, i. 148; Evanson and Maunsell on the suppuration of mumps, i. 149; treatment of mumps after an abscess has formed, i. 150; abscess of the breast, i 151; opening the abscess only advis- able, when it is very deep, has proceeded slowly, the pain is great, and the fever high, i. 151; South's recommendation that abscess of the breast be opened freely and early, i. 151; advantages of the pro- ceeding, i. 152; deep-seated abscesses in the mammary gland, or between it and the pectoral muscles, i. 153; to be opened early, i. 153; fistulous passages to be laid open throughout their whole length, i. 153: Astley Cooper on chronic abscess of the breast, i. 153; South's case of chronic abscess of the breast, operated on by mis- take for scirrhus, i. 153; abscesses in the labia or nymphæ, i. 160; Hunter and Ricord on abscesses complicating gonor- rhoea in the female, i. 160; suppuration of the testicle to be feared, when the in- flammation is severe, and the pain throb- bing, i. 179; suppuration of the testicle rare, when the swelling is sympathetic, i. 180; Astley Cooper on suppuration of the testicle, i. 180; bursting of the abscess sometimes followed by a fungous growth, i. 180; treatment of suppuration and ab- scess of the testicle, i. 181; South on the treatment of fungus of the testicle, conse- cutive to abscess, i. 181; seat of the in- flammation in lumbar abscess, i. 185; symptoms, i. 185; formation of the abscess, i. 185; general symptoms of suppuration not present if the abscess be not large, i. 185; Astley Cooper on the symptoms of psoas abscess, i. 185; Pearson on the symptoms preceding, and accompanying the formation of the abscess, i. 186; causes, i. 186; English Surgeons generally con- sider disease of the vertebræ to be the
cause, i. 186; Pott on the diseased condi- tion of the spine in this complaint, i. 186; Astley Cooper on the origin of psoas or lumbar abscess in inflammation of the spine and intervertebral substance, i. 186; Abernethy, Lawrence, and Dupuytren on lumbar abscess, generally connected with carious vertebræ, i. 186; South on the origin of the disease from external vio- lence, its origin then being in the spine, i. 187; South on the distinctive characters of psoas abscess from femoral hernia, i. 187; John Pearson on the situation of the external abscess, i. 187; Samuel Cooper's notice of Ramsden's case of lumbar ab- scess, i. 187; South on the insidious pro- gress of the disease, i. 188; abortive treat- ment of lumbar abscess, i. 188; opening the abscess, i. 188; Dupuytren on the changes that sometimes take place in the abscess, i. 188; Astley Cooper remarks, that the abscess must be allowed to take its course, i. 188; this opinion controvert- ed by South, i. 188; Cline and Aberne- thy's experiments to cause absorption of the pus, i. 188; South on issues in the treatment of lumbar or psoas abscess, i. 188; difference of opinion as to the pro- priety of waiting the self-evacuation of the abscess, or of puncturing and emptying it, either entirely or partially, i. 189; Deck- ers, Benjamin Bell, and Crowther on tap- ping the abscess with a trocar, i. 189; Latta recommends the use of a seton in addition, i. 189; this latter practice con- demned by South, who prefers opening the abscess with a lancet, i. 189; Aber- nethy's plan of treatment, i. 189; Astley Cooper and Lawrence support Aber- nethy's views, i. 190; Kirkland advises to let the abscess break of itself, i. 190; John Pearson prefers making a small aperture, and treating the ulcer in a gentle manner, i. 190; Dupuytren leaves the abscess to nature, i. 190; South's plan of treatment, i. 190; treatment to be pursued after the abscess is opened, i. 191; Pearson and Astley Cooper on the treatment of the sinuous cavities result- ing from the abscess, by injections, i. 191; Dupuytren recommends cauteriza- tion, or weak injections of nitrate of silver, or nitric acid, i. 191; treatment of the abscess, if inflammation super- vene after it has been opened. i. 191; Abernethy on the symptoms of the super- vening inflammation, i. 191; Pearson mentions that the larger arteries some- times ulcerate into the abscess, i. 191; M'Dowell mentions a case in which ulceration took place in a portion of the ileum adhering to the cyst of the abscess, i. 191; whitlow and its varieties, i. 192; South's cases of abscesses external to the
joint, i. 210; Astley Cooper and Coulson on the bursting of abscesses of the hip- joint, i. 253; Mackenzie and Scott's cases of abscesses of the hip-joint, i. 254; the abscesses to be freely opened, i. 269; Ford, Wend, van der Haar, Rust, Brodie, and Jaeger, on the treatment of these abscesses, i. 269; Sabatier and Ficher advise their being opened with caustic, i. 269; Larrey, with the red-hot trocar, i. 269; Rust, with the actual cautery, i. 269; Rust advises passing a seton through the joint, i. 269; Brodie and Jaeger re- commend free incisions in opening these abscesses, i. 269; Brodie and South on the management of abscesses at the hip, i. 269; subsequent treatment, i. 269; connection of Pott's disease with lumbar and psoas abscess, i. 278; Brodie on the disappearance of psoas abscess, and its appearance elsewhere, i. 278; Brodie on abscess connected with vertebral caries in the neck, i. 284; treatment of abscess resulting from a bruise, i. 334; abscess of the brain, i. 399-see Wounds of the Head; abscesses of the liver consequent on injuries of the head, i. 427; Morère and Duparcque on abscess of the womb, i. 484; abscesses about the anus, i. 726; treatment of abscesses in the neighbour- hood of the rectum, i. 728; Brodie on the treatment of large abscesses high up by the side of the rectum, i. 729; Key on abscess in the hernial sac after the operation for strangulated hernia, ii. 42-49; abscesses by the side of the rec- tum, from the irritation of foreign bodies, ii. 393; abscess of the prostate, ii. 419; abscesses about the neck of the bladder, after the operation of lithotomy, ii. 611. Acarus scabiei, i. 635. Acephalocysts, ii. 704.
ACHILLIS TENDON, DIVISION OF, i. 491; tearing of the tendon, i. 491; causes and symptoms, i. 491; laceration of the sheath of the tendon, i. 492; John Hunter on rupture of the tendo Achillis, i. 492; mode of union of the rup- tured tendon, i. 492; treatment, i. 492; John Hunter on the treatment of the ruptured tendon, i. 492; various bandages for the cure of the rupture, i. 493; the bandages proposed by Gooch, Petit, Schneider, Desault, and Wardenburg, 493; Edmonston's plan of treatment, i. 494; the slippers of Petit, Ravaton, Monro, and Graëfe, i. 494; objections to bandaging, i. 494; after-treatment, i. 494. Acromion, Fracture of, i. 548.
ADAMS, Dr., on the acarus scabiei, i. 636. ADAMS', Mr., case of longitudinal dis- location of the radius, i. 791; case of hydrocephalocele treated by puncture, ii.
ADAMS, Mr. WILLIAM, post mortem appear- ances in a case of hip-disease, i. 262. ADDISON'S, Mr., artificial leg, ii. 846. AETIUS on aneurism, ii. 197. AKOLUTHUS' case of extirpation of the up- per jaw, the first on record, ii. 994. ALANSON's, Mr., mode of amputation by the circular incision, ii. 890; on amputa- tion just above the ancle, ii. 921; mode of amputating at the shoulder-joint with the circular cut, ii. 958. ALBAN'S, M., apparatus for fracture of the neck of the femur, i. 569. ALCOCK, Mr., on the removal of the edges of the cleft in staphyloraphy, i. 604; mode of operating in staphyloraphy, i. 605. ALCOCK, Mr. RUTHERFORD, on the differ- ence of the shock to the constitution in severe injuries of the extremities, when occurring in civil life and on the field of battle, ii. 967.
ALIBERT'S, M., division of boils into four kinds, i. 132; dispute with Lugol respect- ing the acarus scabiei, i. 636; on the varieties of cancer, ii. 761.
ALISON, Dr., on the symptoms of inflam- mation, i. 24.
ALLAN, Mr., on the effects of the scorpion sting, i. 351; on compression in the treat- ment of aneurism, ii. 213; on the seat of stricture in the rectum, ii. 336; case of retention of the urine in the ureter, ii. 410. ALLIOT, M., on urethroplasty, i. 742. ALOUETTE'S, M. L'., mode of amputating at the hip-joint, by the flap cut with a single flap, ii. 936.
AMESBURY'S, Mr., fracture-apparatus, i. 512; apparatus for fractured clavicle, i. 551; apparatus for fracture of the ole- cranon, i. 560; fracture-bed, i. 571; on the formation of a false joint, with a fibro- ligamentous capsule, and a lining mem- brane, i. 588; on the causes of the non- union of fractured bones, i. 588.
AMMON, M. VON, on the causes of congeni- tal dislocation, i. 769. AMPUTATION; the circumstances in gun- shot wounds requiring amputation on the spot, i. 343; Hennen on the nature of the injuries in gun-shot wounds re- quiring amputation, i. 344; amputation under the circumstances mentioned should be performed early, i. 344; Wiseman, Le Dran, and Ranby on immediate amputation, i. 345; Faure on the pro- priety of delaying the operation, i. 345; Bilguer's objections to amputation alto- gether, i. 345; Hunter's objections to pri- mary amputation, i. 345; Hennen, Pit- cairn, Gunning, and Guthrie on im- mediate amputation, i. 346; Guthrie's reasons for an early performance of the operation, i. 347; symptoms which may require the performance of amputation
at a time more or less posterior to the date of the injury, i. 347; conditions under which amputation may be neces- sary in fractures, i. 517; Astley Cooper and Abernethy on the question of im- mediate amputation, i. 518; South on the principal points to be considered in determining on the necessity for imme- diate amputation, i. 519; amputation must not be performed during the con- tinuance of symptomatic fever, i. 522; Hunter on the removal of the injured limb during the continuance of hectic, i. 522; South on the objects and occa- sional results of immediate amputation, i. 523; cases in which amputation is in- dicated in necrosis, i. 698; the question as to the necessity of amputation in dislocations accompanied with tearing of the soft parts covering the joint, and thrusting out of the head of the bone, i. 768; in compound dislocations of the knee, i. 806; of the ancle-joint, i. 809, of the toes, i. 814; amputation requisite when mortification ensues after the liga- ture of the principal artery, ii. 226; is rarely successful, ii. 226; the question of amputation in aneurism of bones, ii. 279; amputation requisite in exostosis, when its size does not permit its removal, ii. 676 ; in osteosteatoma, and in osteosarcoma, am- putation should, if possible, be performed above the next joint, ii. 678; amputation requisite in some cases of spina ventosa, ii. 680; amputation of the breast, ii. 798; of the penis, ii. 801; amputations of the limbs, ii. 887; amputations divided into those which are performed in the continuity of limbs and those at joints, ii. 888; points to be considered in per- forming amputations, ii. 888; precautions against hæmorrhage, ii. 889; inconve- niences of the application of the tour- niquet, ii. 889; compression of the prin cipal artery by a capable assistant prefer- able, ii. 889; Brünninghausen's recommen- dation to swathe the limb in flannel, to diminish the loss of blood, ii. 889; South on the relative value of the tourniquet, and of compression of the principal artery by a capable assistant in amputation, ii. 889; formation of such wound that the bone can be properly covered by soft parts, ii. 890; by the cir- cular incision, ii. 890; the Celsian ope- ration, ii. 890; objections to this opera- tion, ii. 890; Petit, Mynors, Brünning- hausen, Louis, Alanson, Gooch, Bell, Desault, Richter, Boyer, Graefe, Dupuy- tren, Wilhelm, Valentin, and Portal's modes of operating, ii. 890; flap amputa- tions, ii. 891; Pott, Siebold, and Schreiner's operations, ii. 892; Langenbeck and Scout- etten's operations for disarticulations, ii.
892; the oblique cut of Sedillot and Baudens, ii. 892; the sloping cut of Blasius, ii. 892; retraction of the divided muscles and sawing of the bone, ii. 893; scraping off the periosteum superfluous, ii. 893; Walther and Brünninghausen's ma- nagement of the periosteum, ii. 893; South on the retraction of the divided muscles by the hand, ii. 893; South and Liston on the use of the saw, ii. 893; South on the duties of the assistant, when the bone is being sawn through, ii. 894; ligature of the divided vessels, ii. 894; historical sketch of the treat- ment of hæmorrhage after amputation, ii. 894; South on venous hæmorrhage, and the ligature of the veins after amputa- tion, ii. 894; subsequent dressing of the wound, ii. 895; leaving the wound open for some hours after the operation, to guard against after-bleeding, ii. 895; Dupuytren's practice, ii. 895; South on the exposure of the stump, ii. 895; mode of dressing to promote quick union, ii. 895; South on the bringing the edges of the wound together in the horizontal direction, ii. 896; South on the applica- tion of the plaster straps after amputation, ii. 896; use of cradles after amputation, ii. 897; South on the use of cradles, and of a substitute for them, after amputation, ii. 897; dressing after flap-amputations, ii. 897; South on the use of sutures after flap-amputations, ii. 897; dressing of the stump, when intended to heal by sup- puration and granulation, ii. 897; South's objections to the practice, ii. 897; accidents which may ensue after amputation, ii. 897; renewal of the dressing under ordinary cir- cumstances, ii. 897; mode of changing the dressings, ii. 898; withdrawal of the liga- ture, ii. 898; general treatment after ampu- tation, ii. 898; Benedict's stimulant treat- ment of stumps, ii. 898; South on the treatment of ligatures after amputation, ii. 898; after-bleeding, and its treatment, ii. 898; ligature of the principal arterial trunk for consecutive hæmorrhage, ii. 898; causes and treatment of parenchy- matous bleeding, ii. 899; treatment of con- secutive hæmorrhage, from ossification or cartilaginous thickening of the arteries, ii. 899; South on the treatment of after- bleeding, ii. 899; South on the impro- priety of tying the main arterial trunk for consecutive hæmorrhage after ampu- tation, ii. 899; South on the use of the actual cautery in after-bleeding, ii. 899; violent inflammation of the stump, and its treatment, ii. 899; erythetic condition of the stump, ii. 899; inflammation of the arteries or veins, a not infrequent cause of death after amputation, ii. 900; symptoms and treatment, ii. 900; insufficient degree
of inflammation, or torpid condition of the stump, ii. 900; treatment of sloughing, ii. 900; of too copious suppuration, ii. 900; causes and treatment of protrusion of the bone, ii. 900; South on the causes and treatment of protrusion of the bone, ii. 901; necrosis of the bone, ii. 901; South on the exfoliation of bone after amputation, ii. 901; ulceration of the bone or soft parts, ii. 901; South on the fungous growth from the medullary cavity, ii. 901; the relative value of the several modes of proceeding in amputation of the limbs in their continuity, ii. 901; objections to the flap-operation, ii. 902; cases in which the flap-operation is suitable, ii. 902; Liston's preference of the flap-operation, and objections to the circular operation, ii. 902; South and Fergusson on the rela- tive value of the flap and circular opera- tions, ii. 903; Fergusson on amputation through the calf of the leg and at the shoulder-joint, ii. 903; South's objections to flap-operations on the leg, ii. 903; the propriety of quick union of stumps, or of the cure by suppuration and granu- lation, ii. 904; Dupuytren's mode of dressing stumps, ii. 904; South on the union of an amputation-wound, ii. 904; results of amputation, ii. 905; Phillips, Lawrie, Potter, and South on the results of amputation, ii. 905. Amputation in the continuity of the several limbs :-am- putation through the thigh, ii. 906; pre- paratory steps of the operation, ii. 906; compression of the artery, ii. 906; South on the position of the limb, ii. 906; South on the position and duties of the assistants, ii. 906; the circular operation, ii. 907; division and retraction of the skin and cellular tissue, ii. 907; South on the circular cut and vertical division of the skin laterally, ii. 907; section of the muscles, ii. 907; of the periosteum, ii. 907; sawing the bone, ii. 907; cutting through the muscles on the outside of the thigh, ii. 907; South on the mode of using the knife in amputating, ii. 908; South on the retraction of the soft parts with the hand, while sawing through the bone, ii. 908; bandaging and dressing the wound, ii. 908; South on bandaging and dressing the wound, ii. 908; amputation through the thigh, with two flaps, ii. 908; mode of operating, ii. 908; Langenbeck's mode of amputating, ii. 908; Liston's mode of amputating the thigh, by the flap-opera- tion, ii. 909; preferred by Syme and Fergusson, ii. 909; Fergusson and South's reasons why the hind flap should be longer than the front, ii. 909; amputation through the thigh, with a single flap, ii. 909; Benedict, Textor, and Jaeger's plan of amputating, with a flap from the outer
side, ii. 909; Zang and Textor's plan, with a flap from the inner side, ii. 909; Hey's mode, with the flap from behind, ii. 909; B. Bell, Le Gras, and Foulliay's plan, with a flap from before, ii. 909; mode of operating, ii. 909; Dr. Little's case of amputation, with a flap from behind, ii. 909; Fergusson's recommendation to ex- cise a considerable portion of the sciatic nerve, in that operation, ii. 909; Syme's objections to amputation through the shaft of the thigh-bone, and recommendation to amputate through the condyles or tro- chanters, ii. 910; commented on by South, ii. 910; Liston's account of eighteen amputations through the thigh, ii. 910; report of twenty-eight amputa- tions through the thigh, ii. 911; Syme and South on the formation of conical stumps, ii. 914; Syme on amputation through the epiphyses, ii. 915; amputa- tion through the leg, ii. 915; directions for the operation, ii. 916; application of the tourniquet, ii. 916; South on the application of the tourniquet, ii. 916; modes of operating in amputation with the circular cut, ii. 916; amputation through the leg in its lower third, ii. 917; Salemi, Lenoir, and Baudens' modes of operating, ii. 917; disjointing the head of the fibula, ii. 917; Larrey's amputation through the head of the tibia, ii. 917; South on the seat of amputation through the leg, ii. 917; ligature of the vessels, ii. 918; after-dressing, ii. 918; South on the ligature of the retracted anterior tibial artery, in amputation high up through the leg, ii. 918; South on the treatment of hæmorrhage from the nutri- tious artery of the tibia, ii. 918; South on the bringing the edges of the wound to- gether horizontally, ii. 918; South on the causes of subsequent sloaghing of the integuments, ii. 918; amputation through the leg with a single flap, ii. 919; mode of operating, ii. 919; South's objections to flap operations on the leg, ii. 919; am- putation through the leg with two flaps, ii. 919; mode of operating, ii. 920; Lis- ton and Fergusson's mode of operating, ii. 920; amputation just above the ancle, ii. 921; Solingen, Dionis, White, Brom- field, Wright, Alanson, and Hey on this operation, ii. 921; Lawrence and South's cases, ii. 922; Liston's statistics of ampu- tation through the leg, ii. 922; Lawrie's objection to amputation below the knee, ii. 922; South's tabular report of ampu- tations through the leg, ii. 922; ampu- tation through the upper arm, ii. 924; steps preliminary to the operation, ii. 924 ; Liston's statistics of the operation, ii. 925; South on the propriety of having a long stump if possible, ii. 925; South's
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