the two modes in which the venereal
poison affects the system, i. 641; on the
period at which chancres appear after in-
fection, i. 642; on the symptoms of
chancre, i. 642; experiments by inocu-
lating with the matter of gonorrhea and
chancre, i. 644; on the true venereal
bubo, i. 645; on the existence of syphi-
litic buboes without primary sore, i. 646;
on the continuance of the constituti-
onal irritation from lues, independent of
continued absorption, i. 647; on the non-
infectious character of the pus from a
secondary syphilitic sore, i. 649; on the
relative rapidity of cure of gonorrhea,
chancre, and lues venerea, i. 654; on
the relapse of ulcers after chancres have
cicatrized; i. 655; case of diseased child
infecting the nurse; i. 673; on the pos-
sibility of infection from secondary syphi-
lis, i. 675; on the ossific inflammation
preceding necrosis, i. 688; on the process
of exfoliation, i. 691; on the signs of ex-
foliation, i. 692; on the species of exfo-
liation, i. 695; on the inadequacy of the
term fistula, i. 710; on the causes of
fistula, i. 710; on the cure of fistula, i.
711; objections to the use of the catheter in
urethral fistula, i. 745; definition of
aneurism, ii. 197; on the coagulation of
blood in an aneurism, ii. 198; on the
bursting of aneurism, ii. 199; on the re-
lative frequency of aneurism in the sexes,
ii. 203; on the relative frequency of
aneurism in the arteries, ii. 203; admits
a diseased state of an artery as the cause
of aneurism, ii. 205; on the spontaneous
cure of aneurism, ii. 206; on compression
in the treatment of aneurism, ii. 210;
claims to originality in reference to the
Hunterian operation, ii. 215; on the size
of the aneurism best fitted for operation,
ii. 217; operation for tying the femoral
artery in popliteal aneurism, ii. 219;
cases of secondary hæmorrhage after the
operation, ii. 224; on ligature of the
femoral artery, ii. 263; description of
three forms of stricture of the urethra, ii.
356; on the use of the armed bougie in
stricture, ii. 366; case of retention of
urine from calculus in the urethra, ii.
416; on the expulsion of bougies by the
contractions of the bladder, ii. 418; opera-
tion for stone on infants, ii. 569; on cysts
forming around foreign substances. ii.
694; on the internal surface of cysts, ii.
697; on the disposing causes of cancer,
ii. 767; preference of secondary to pri-
mary amputation in severe injuries of
the lower extremities, ii. 967; objections
to primary amputations in such cases, ii.
HUNTER, Dr. WILLIAM, on the structure of
synovial membrane, i. 211; on the struc-
ture of cartilage, i. 223; Miescher differs
in opinion with, respecting the fibrous
structure of articular cartilage, i. 223;
views on the structure of cartilage gene-
rally correct, i. 227; on aneurismal varix,
ii. 269; on the distinction between aneu-
rismal varix and false aneurism, ii. 271;
on varicose aneurism, ii. 272; first sug-
gests the small operation for ovarian
dropsy, ii. 489.
HUNTER, ROBERT, on the section of muscles
in spinal curvature, ii. 169.
HUTCHINSON on incisions in pseudo-erysi-
pelas, i. 108; on the rarity of calculus
among seamen, ii. 545.
HUTTON, Dr., on compression in the treat-
ment of aneurism, ii. 211.
Hydatids, ii. 703.
Hydrarthrus, or hydrops articuli, i. 216;
ii. 461.
Hydrocele, ii. 496.
Hydrocephalocele, ii. 98.
Hydrocephalus, ii. 464.
Hydro-mediastina, ii. 481.
Hydrometra, ii. 494.
Hydro-pericardium, ii. 478.
HYDROPHOBIA:-bite of a rabid beast, i.
359; the bite of beasts much excited, or
when disturbed during copulation, may
produce canine madness, i. 360; causes
of dog-madness, i. 360; spontaneous de-
velopment of hydrophobia in man, i. 360;
signs of incipient madness in the dog, i.
360; Hertwig's observations on canine
madness, i. 360; progress of the disease,
i. 361; signs of dumb madness in the
dog, i. 361; Youatt on rabies in the dog,
i. 361; Youatt on the peculiar bark of the
mad dog, i. 362; Youatt on the saliva of
the mad dog. i. 363; Youatt on the con-
dition of the lumbar portion of the spinal
cord in rabies and dumb mad mess in the
dog, i. 363; Youatt on a peculiar paralysis
of the muscles of the tongue and jaws
occasionally occurring in mad dogs, i.
363; Youatt on the insensibility to pain
in mad dogs, i. 363; Youatt on the diag-
nosis between pain in the ear in canker
and in hydrophobia in the dog, i. 363;
Youatt on the period of incubation of
rabies in the dog, i. 364; Hertwig's ex-
periments show that the saliva is the
vehicle of the mad poison, i. 364; Trol-
liet considers the mucus from the in-
flamed mucous membrane of the bronchi
to be the vehicle of the poison, i. 364;
Hertwig's experiments also show the
contagion to be in the blood of the mad
beast, i. 364; Youatt on the appearances
on dissection in the dog, i. 364; Youatt's
caution against suffering dogs to lick the
face or hands, or any other part of the
body, i. 365; Lawrence's details of the
Hon. Mrs. Duff's case, i. 366; Lawrence
on the communication of hydrophobia
from one human being to another, or
from man to beasts, i. 366; Magendie and
Breschet's experiment, i. 366; period of
incubation of hydrophobia in man, i. 366;
Galen, Mead, and Hale Thomson on the
protraction of the period of incubation, i.
366: Dr. Bardsley's case of the disease
twelve years after the bite had been in-
flicted, i. 367; his opinion that the case
was not one of hydrophobia, i. 367; sup-
ports his opinion by the views of Darwin,
Haygarth, and R. Pearson, i. 367; Elliot-
son on the period of incubation of the
disease, i. 367; Professor Dick on the
nature of the disease in hydrophobia, i.
367; symptoms of incipient hydrophobia,
i. 367; Urban's opinion that there is a
circlet of small vesicles round the wound
or scar, i. 368; general symptoms of hy-
drophobia, i. 368; Elliotson on the symp-
toms of hydrophobia, i. 368; Elliotson on
the diagnosis between true and spurious
hydrophobia, and inflammation of the
pharynx, i. 369; the disposition of hy-
drophobic patients to bite, doubted by
South, i. 369; Powell and Magendie's
cases, i. 369; Cline jun. on the dispo-
sition of hydrophobic animals to use their
weapons of offence, i. 369; Elliotson on
a general morbid irritability in hydro-
phobia, i. 369; Youatt on the peculiar
delirium in hydrophobia, i. 369; Bards-
ley and Babington's cases illustrative of
this delirium, i. 369; Lawrence on the
peculiar delirium of hydrophobia, i. 370;
Youatt on the tenacity of the human
saliva in hydrophobia, i. 370; Elliotson
on the duration of the disease, i. 370;
Mead on the increase of muscular strength
in hydrophobia, i. 370; Elliotson on abor-
tive hydrophobia, i. 370; Dr. Bardsley
on the stages of hydrophobia, i. 370;
Marcet, Babington, and Callisen on the
premonitory pains of hydrophobia, i.
371; post-mortem appearances in hydro-
phobia; i. 371; Locker on vesicles on
the spleen in hydrophobia in dogs, i. 371;
the post-mortem appearances in Elliot-
son's case, i. 371; the proximate cause of
hydrophobia, i. 371; Harder on the action
of the poison on the system, i. 372; Lan-
genbeck on hydrophobia, as caused by a
qualitative alteration of the blood by the
poison, i. 372; prognosis, i. 372; treat-
ment of the bite, i. 372; Youatt's objec-
tions to excision of the bitten parts, i.
372; South on the excision of the bitten
parts, i. 373; Cline's directions for the
excision of the bitten parts, i. 373; South
on the excision of the scar, i. 374; inter-
nal prophylactics of hydrophobia, i. 374;
plan of treatment recommended by Wendt,
i. 374; Brera and von Schallein's treat-
ment, i. 374; Marochetti on the presence
of pustules under the tongue after the
bite of a mad animal, i. 375; Maro-
chetti's plan of treatment, i. 375; Wat-
son's objections to Marochetti's views, i,
376; general treatment of hydrophobia,
i. 376.
Hydro-thorax, ii. 469.
Hypospadias, and its treatment, ii. 374.
Hysterical Affections of the Joints.
Inflammation of the Joints.
artery, common, ligature of, ii. 255;
internal, ligature of, ii. 256; external,
ligature of, ii. 259.
Ilium, fracture of, i. 544.
Incised wounds, i. 329. See Wounds.
Induration, or hardening, i. 52.
INFLAMMATION, definition of, i. 22; the
term objected to by Audral, and that of
hyperemia substituted, i. 22; Hunter's
opinions on inflammation, i. 22; Müller's,
i. 22; all organs of the body may become
inflamed, except the cuticle, hair, and
nails, i. 23; the capillary, vascular, and
ganglionic nervous systems, the actual
seat of inflammation, i. 23; Hunter on
the susceptibility for inflammation, and
the influence of the constitution with
respect to its local effects, i. 23; symp-
toms of inflammation, i 24; South
on the attendant pain, i. 24; Dr. Alison's
description of inflammation, i. 24; expla-
nation of the symptoms, i. 24; the
changed condition and increased plasti-
city of the blood shewn by the crusta
inflammatoria, i. 25; comparison of the
local appearances of inflammation, and
those coming in with inflammatory fever,
i. 25; the cause of the increased action of
the nerves, i. 25; Travers and Hunter on
the cause of the pain, i. 25; Henle's
opinion that the exciting cause of inflam-
mation operates through the nervous
system, i. 25; its mode of action, i. 26;
Hunter on the causes of inflammation, i.
26, 30; Travers' remark, that pain is not
necessarily an attendant on inflammation,
i. 26; Hunter and Travers on the attend-
ant redness, i. 26; Hunter's experiments
on the increase of heat, i. 27; Travers'
remarks on that symptom, i. 27; Hunter
and Cullen on the enlargement of the
vessels, i. 27; Dr. John Thomson's
observations on the variation of the
current of the blood through the capil-
laries, resulting from the application of
different substances, i. 27; Earle's com-
ments on these, i. 28; Dr. Wilson Philip's
experiments, i. 28; Gendrin's account of
the steps by which the stagnation of the
blood in inflammation is produced, i. 29;
Dr. John Thomson's experiments repeated
by Travers, i. 29; Travers and Ben-
nett on the oscillation attending the
recovery of the circulation, i. 29; Whar-
ton Jones' description of the phenomena
of inflammation under the microscope, i.
29; Emmert and Vogel's description of
the same phenomena, i. 30; incidental
causes of inflammation, i. 30; results
of inflammation, i. 31. Resolution :-
signs of resolution, i. 31; distinguished
from the recession of inflammation, i. 31;
Dr. J. H. Bennett on the process of resolu-
tion, i. 31; Schönlein and Zimmermann on
the elimination of the molecular fibrin, i.
32. Erudation:-period of its occurrence,
and its results, adhesion and edema, i. 32;
the term synonymous with effusion, i. 32;
Dr. J. H. Bennett, Travers, Wharton
Jones, and Hunter on the process of effu-
sion, i. 32, 33; Gerber's subdivisions of
effusion, i. 33; Gerber on the microscopic
resemblance between the lymph-cor-
puscles and the exudation-corpuscles, i.
34; this resemblance denied by Gulliver,
i. 34; Valentin on the exudation-cor-
puscles, i. 34. Suppuration:-a natural
result of severe inflammation, i. 34; the
secretion of pus, i. 34; formation of ab-
scess, i. 34, 36; opinions of Simpson,
De Haen, Morgan, Hunter, Brugmans,
Pinel, Boerhaave, Bell, Gotter, Quesnay,
Hoffmann, Grashuis, Stewart, Pearson,
Hewson, E. Home. Berzelius, Gruit-
huisen, Fischer, Donné, Gluge, Valentin,
Gueterbock, Wood, Bonnet, Mandt, Vogel,
and E.V. Bibra relative to the formation of
pus, i. 35; symptoms of approaching sup-
puration, i. 35; occurrence and signs of
fluctuation, i. 36; symptoms of deep-
seated suppuration, i. 36; hectic fever
accompanies every considerable suppura-
tion, i. 36; formation of the walls of an
abscess, and the circumscription of the
pus,
i. 36; the circumscription of the pus does
not take place unless the inflammation is
connected with plastic exudation, i. 36;
the walls of an abscess are secreting and
absorbing surfaces, i. 36; resorption of
pus, i. 36; metastatic abscesses, i. 36;
Vogel and Bonnet on the effects of the re-
sorption of pus, i. 36; Hunter on the cause
and results of suppuration, i. 36; Va-
lentin on the microscopic results of
suppuration, i. 37; Hunter on suppurative
inflammation, i. 37; Travers on the
lining membrane of an abscess, i. 38;
Hunter and Travers on the circumstances
which determine an abscess to the surface,
i. 38; qualities of pure good pus, i. 38;
formation of pus, i. 39; Travers on the
purpose which the formation of pus serves
in the economy, i. 39; Hunter on the qua-
lities of pus and the pus-globules, i. 39;
Hunter and Gulliver on the putrefaction
of pus, i. 39; Senac on the globular struc-
ture of pus, i. 39; Gueterbock on the
composition and chemical analysis of
pus, i. 40, 41; composition of the serum
of pus, i. 40; fatty vesicles discovered in
the serum of pus by Henle, i. 40
Gueterbock's discovery of pyine, i. 40;
characters of pus-globules, i. 40; Mandt
on the pus-globules, i. 40; discovery of
the difference in size of the pus-globules
by Gueterbock, i. 41; Mayo describes pus-
globules as occasionally seen in healthy
blood, i. 41; denied by Gulliver, i. 41;
Gerber's account of the formation of pus,
and of the reproductive organization in
suppurating wounds, i. 41; Travers on
the constitution of pus, i. 42; varieties of
pus, i 43; distinguishing characters of
laudable pus, and ichor or sanies, i. 43;
the presence of globules in the serum
proved by Bauer, Faraday, and Mandt,
i. 43; characters of the albumen in pus,
i. 44; Grassmeyer and Fischer on the
distinguishing tests for pus and mucus, i.
44; Gruithuisen's microscopic tests for
pus and mucus, i. 44; Gerber's descrip-
tion of ichor, puriform mucus, and serous
exudation, i. 44; pus cannot be produced
without inflammation, i. 44; cold or lymph
abscess, i. 45; the diathesis purulenta, i.
45; abscess of congestion, i. 45; symp-
toms of cold abscess, i. 45; cold abscess
not to be confounded with Hunter's col-
lections of matter without inflammation,
nor with the cold abscess of the surgeons of
the Saracen school, the chronic abscess of
modern surgeons, i. 45; South's case of cold
abscess, i. 45; Dr. Rigby on puerperal
abscess following contagious or adynamic
puerperal fever, i. 47; Beinl, Rust, and
others, regard the so-called lymph-swel-
ling as being an extravasation of lymph,
i. 48; Walther proves that the term
lymph-swelling is incorrect, i. 48; Beinl's
opinion that the strongest and most
healthy are more subject to lymph-abscess
than the weakly, and men than women,
and that it does not occur without exter-
nal injury disproved by Rust, i. 48;
Nasse's case of lymph-swelling from ex-
ternal injury, i. 48; such cases exceed-
ingly rare, i. 48; opinions of Langenbeck,
Ekl, and Zembsch on the lymph-swelling,
i. 48; South's case of lymph abscess, i.
Ulceration:-causes, i. 49; Hunter
on ulcerative inflammation, i. 49; on
ulcerative absorption, i. 50; progressive
absorption, i. 51; absorption with suppu-
ration, i. 51; Travers on the process of
ulceration, i. 52. Induration or Hard-
ening:-Causes and results, i. 52; occa-
sional terminations in inflammation, ul-
ceration, and cancer, i. 53; induration
most likely to occur after long-continued
insidious inflammations in organs with a
low degree of vitality, i. 53. Softening
occurs only in long-continued dyscratic
and cachectic inflammations, i. 53; may
be regarded as the intermediate condition
between ulceration and mortification, i.
53. Mortification :-divided into hot
and cold, i. 53; Travers' objection to the
terms mortification and sphacelus, i. 53;
definition of mortification, i. 53; symp-
toms, i. 54; Travers' acute gangrene, i.
54; destruction of the mortified parts oc-
curs either as dry, moist, or hospital gan-
grene, i. 54; South on vesications filled
with a bluish or bluish-black fluid in cases
of severe bruise, or when the bandages in
cases of fracture are too tight, i. 55;
causes of mortification, i. 55; Brodie on
sudden loss of blood as a cause of mortifi-
cation, i. 55; Travers on deep and exteu-
sive effusions, and injuries of nerves as
causes of mortification, i. 55; South's
case of mortification of the lower extre-
mity from effusion of blood causing dis-
tension of the limb, i. 55; mortification
in cases of aneurism caused by the disten-
sion from effusion, i. 56; mortification in
cases of simple fracture, the principal ar-
tery being uninjured, i. 56; South's cases
of mortification after fever, i. 56; senile
gangrene, i. 57; distinction between senile
gangrene consequent on injury, and that
resulting from constitutional causes, i. 57;
Travers chronic gangrene, i. 58; causes
of dry gangrene, i. 59; South's case of
dry gangrene consequent on abdominal
typhus, 1. 59; Dupuytren on arteritis, a
cause of dry gangrene, i. 59, 75; South's
case of dry gangrene from organic disease
of the heart, i. 59; Brodie's case of dry
gangrene from inflammation of the prin-
cipal artery and vein of the limb, i. 59;
Brodie on the cause of the distinction be-
tween dry and moist gangrene, i. 59; gan-
grene from arterial inflammation, a com-
paratively rare disease, i. 59; this state-
ment denied by Cruveilhier and Dupuy-
tren, i. 59; South's case of arteritis with-
out gangrene, i. 60; Solly's case of gan-
grene, i. 60; mortification from continued
pressure, i. 60; mortification from the use
of the spurred rye, i. 60; Thomson's ac-
count of this form of the disease, i. 61;
Sigebert and Bayle's remarks, i. 61; the
disease first noticed by Dodard, afterwards
by Saviard, Noel, Langius, Quassoud, Bos-
sau, and Duhamel, i. 61; Dr. Elliotson's
case of gangrene of the leg, after the use
of ergot, the arteries of the limb being.ossi-
fied, i. 61; Model's opinion that spurred
rye does not cause gangrene in brutes,
i. 61; disproved by Tessier, i. 61; Block's
experiments on the subject, i. 61; Dr. C.
Woolaston's cases of gangrene, i. 61; mor-
tification of the cheek, called "noma" by
Vogel, i. 61; a rare and generally fatal
disease, i. 61; description of noma by Drs.
Evanson and Maunsell, i. 62; the term can-
crum oris incorrectly applied to noma, i.
62; cancrum oris, a form of mortification
commencing with ulceration. generally first
in the gums, and thence spreading to the
lips and cheeks, i. 62; described by Dr.
Cumming, i. 62; South's case of noma in
the adult, i. 62; mortification, when a con-
sequence of contagious influence, results in
malignant pustule, or hospital gangrene, i.
63; malignant pustule, its causes and symp-
toms, i. 63; contagious from beast to man,
but not between man and man, i. 63; Elliot-
son on glanders in the human subject, i. 64;
Lawrence's cases of malignant pustule, i.
64; Beer and Delpech's cases, i. 65; Tur-
chetti's cases of malignant pustule, de-
scribed by him as anthrax, i. 66; Dr. Wag-
ner's cases of malignant pustule, produced
by contact, and by eating the flesh of dis-
eased animals, i, 66; Dr. Bourgeois' obser-
vations on malignant pustule, i. 67; hos-
pital gangrene, i. 68; description of the
disease, i. 68; local and general symptoms,
i. 68; Liston's account of the hospital gan-
grene in University College Hospital in
1841, i. 68; Arnott's cases of hospital gan-
grene at the Middlesex Hospital, i. 69; the
disease excedingly rare in the London hos-
pitals, i. 69; Lawrence on sloughing pha-
gedena, i. 69; Welbank on sloughing pha-
gedena, i. 70; this disease regarded by S.
Cooper as resembling hospital gangrene,
i. 70; denied by South, i. 70; South on the
sloughing state of stumps from want of
power, i. 70; the characteristics of hospital
gangrene, i. 70; the cause of hospital gan-
grene is the operation of a peculiar conta-
gious matter, i. 70; it is always a very
dangerous complication of wounds and
sores, i. 70. VARIETIES OF INFLAMMA-
TION:-inflammation may be classed, 1st,
according to its appearances and course;
2ndly, according to its causes; and 3rdly,
according to the structure of the parts at-
tacked, i. 71: acute and chronic inflam-
mation, i. 71; division of inflammation
into simple, erethitic, torpid, malignant,
and obscure, i. 71; idiopathic, sympto-
matic, specific, and sympathetic, i. 71; me-
tastatic inflammation, i. 72; inflammation
of the skin, i. 72; of the cellular tissue, i.
72; South on inflammation of the cellular
tissue, i. 72; inflammation of the glands,
i. 72; of the mucous membranes, i. 72;
Hunter on inflammation of the mucous
membranes, i. 73; inflammation of serous
membranes, i. 73; Hunter on inflamma-
tion of serous membranes, i. 73; South
on the tendency of serous membranes to
adhesive inflammation, i. 73; Hunter on
the occasional termination of inflamma-
tion of serous membranes in suppuration,
i. 74; inflammation of the fibrous tissues,
i. 74; inflammation of the coats of arteries,
arteritis, i. 74; Bouillaud on arteritis, i.
74, 75; Hodgson's cases of arteritis, i. 74;
Portal's case of inflammation of the aorta,
consequent on the recession of measles, i.
74; redness not always present in inflamed
arteries, and sometimes occurs when there
is not any inflammation, i. 75; Bouillaud
on the redness of the internal arterial
membrane, i. 75; Dupuytren on mortifi-
Ication as the result of arteritis, i. 75;
South's case of arteritis, i. 75; Portal on
the ossification of arteries in young child-
ren, i. 77; Brande's analysis of the earthy
concretions in arteries, i. 77; Miescher
on the ossification of arteries, i. 77; in-
flammation of veins, phlebitis, i. 77;
causes, symptoms, and terminations, i.
77; Cruveilhier on phlebitis, i. 77; South
on phlebitis, i. 77, 78; Hunter on the
coagulation of the blood in phlebitis, i.
77; Hunter, Abernethy, Hodgson, Carmi-
chael, Bouillaud, Travers, and Arnott, on
severe phlebitis, i. 78; Ribes' cases of phle-
bitis, i. 79; Arnott on the morbid appear-
ances in phlebitis, i. 80; Dr. Robert Lee
on inflammation of the femoral and iliac
veins, an occasional cause of phlegmasia
dolens, i. 80; inflammation of the absorb-
ent vessels, i. 80; South on the causes of
inflammation of the absorbent vessels;
i. 80; Hunter on the red streaks accom-
panying inflammation of the absorbents.
i. 81; South on earthy deposits in the ab-
sorbents, i. 81; inflammation of the
nerves, or their sheaths, i. 81; of the bones,
i. 81; of the periosteum, i. 81; of the
medullary membrane, i. 81; prognosis of
inflammation, i. 82; treatment, i. 82; the
first indication to induce resolution, i. 82;
employment of antiphlogistic remedies,
i. 82; in erethitic inflammation, opium
combined with proper antiphlogistic
means, should be exhibited, i. 82; gastric
impurities should be removed by vomit-
ing and purging, i. 82; in malignant, spe-
cific, and dyscratic inflammations, anti-
phiogistic remedies should be used cau-
tiously, i 82; Hunter on inducing re-
solution by constitutional means, i. 82;
Hunter's directions respecting the employ-
ment of blood-letting, i. 82; local treat-
ment of inflammation by abstraction of
blood, cold, moist, or dry warmth, salves,
and plasters, astringent, anodyne, and de-
rivative means, i. 83; Hunter on the local
means of inducing resolution, i. 83; local
bleeding by leeches, scarifications, and
cupping-glasses, i. 84; employment of
cold, i. 84; ice or freezing mixtures must
not be used too long, lest they destroy the
vitality of the part, i. 84; moist, warm
remedies, fomentations, and poultices, i.
84; Hunter on fomentations or steams,
washes, and poultices, i. 85; Abernethy
on poultices, i. 85; medicated poultices, i.
85; treatment of torpid inflammation, i.
86; derivative remedies, i. 86; Hunter
on derivation, i. 86; treatment of reced-
ing inflammation, i. 86; treatment after
exudation has taken place, i. 87; treat-
ment during and after suppuration, i. 87;
when the abscess is ripe, it either opens
of itself, or it must be opened, i. 87;
small abscesses just beneath the skin, and
those in glandular structures, should alone
be allowed to burst, i. 87; circumstances
under which the early opening of abscesses
is required, i. 87; circumstances under
which abscesses are opened late, i. 87;
South recommends the early opening of
abscesses just beneath the skin, and in
glandular structures, i. 87; opening of ab-
scesses, oncotomia, effected by the knife,
escharotics, or the seton, i. 88; deep ab-
scesses with thick coverings, should be
opened with a bistoury, i. 88; South's
condemnation of pressure and squeezing
an abscess, i. 88; mode in which escha-
rotics are employed, i. 89; passing a seton
through an abscess, i. 89; opening an ab-
scess with a cutting instrument generally
preferable, i. 89; South on the opening an
abscess, i. 89; treatment of cold abscess,
i. 90; various plans of opening a cold
abscess, recommended by Abernethy,
Beinl, Walther, Schaack, Rust, Nasse,
Zang, and Callisen, i. 90; in selecting his
plan of operating, the Surgeon must be
guided by the difference of constitution,
by the more or less weak state of the cel-
lular walls, and by the size of the swelling,
i. 90; constitutional treatment also re-
quired, i. 91; Kluge's plan of treating
lymph-abscesses, i. 91; further treatment
after opening the abscess, i. 91; if there
be deficiency of power in the part,
stimulants may be used, but moist warm
poultices are more effectual, i. 92; tonics
may be given internally, i. 92; if the
opening close too soon, the edges may be
drawn asunder, or separated with a probe,
i. 92; proud flesh repressed by caustic, i.
92; formation of fistulous passages, i. 92;
membrane of the fistula first pointed out
by Hunter, since described by Villermé,
Laennec, and Breschet, i. 92; Hunter's
description of the membrane of the fistula,
i. 92; treatment of the fistulous passage, i.
93; plans of treatment recommended by
Langenbeck, H. Dewar, Cramer, Walther,
and others, i. 93; Langenbeck's recom-
mendation of the ligature, i. 93; attention
to the general health requisite during sup-
puration, i. 93; treatment of induration,
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