superstitious, more jealous of strangers, and, in point of morals, about the same. Priests, monks, and nuns are numerous, and yet exert a great influence over the people.

The Scriptures, however, are now freely introduced and circulated, and I think the demand for them is greater, than in any of the southern republics. As for the free toleration of religion, it cannot be hoped for yet in many years: they are a very different people from the Buenos Ayreans, as regards toler

ation.

Their colleges are large, some of them well endowed, and have many students, but their books, and of course their instruction, are of the kind in vogue in the dark ages.

A Lancasterian school is now in operation, and a Mr. Jones, son-in-law of Lancaster, has hopes of establishing soon a school for teachers.

The number of Indians in Mexico is great, said to be two millions, and unlike any other city in the new world, they live and labour in the city itself, and suburbs, speaking generally only their own tongue, and retaining most of their ancient customs. They may be regarded as industrious, yet, through their great intemperance, are poor and miserable. I never see them without pitying their hard lot, and thinking of the horrible cruelties and abuses, which they have received from their Catholic

conquerors.

tion of discovery under Captain Durville, in preparation at Toulon, should be directed. The vessels are nearly equipped.

The Academy of Sciences and Letters at Dijon has proposed, as the subject of their prize of eloquence for the present year, "a comparison between Saint Bernard and Bossuet, in respect to their writings, their character, and the influence which they respectively exercised over their contemporaries."

The French Academy have elected the duke de Montmorency as a member of their learned body. The inaugural oration of the duke was an eulogium upon St. Vincent de Paul and works of Christian charity. M. de Chateaubriand followed in nearly the same strain. The French literati complain that the literary institutions of France is being perverted from the purpose for which they were designed, to the dissemination of the opinions of the Jesuitical party.

SWITZERLAND.-A Society has been established at Berne, with the approbation of the government, for effecting insurances against losses produced by hail; which are frequently very serious in that country.

ITALY.-Pompeii.--Recent excavations have brought to light some very interesting objects-amongst others a marble stature, resembling the statues stature, supposed to be of the Emperor of Cicero, a large bronze equestrian Nero, and a complete public bath. The latter, indeed, seemed to have been abandoned only a few days. It consists of four apartments, being the number that the Romans required in such establishments. The furnace, the cold bath, the warm bath, and the vapour bath, besides the anti-chamber, and the place for attendants. rooms are adorned in the most sump tuous manner; the ceilings and walls are covered with the most beautiful works in stucco, and the floors are of various coloured marble. The top of the cold bath is a dome, with an aperture at the top, for the admission of light. The bath is lower than the floor, and about twenty feet square, with the interior wholly of white mar ble. The royal museum receives al most daily, some interesting addition from these excavations.

The

Herculaneum MSS.-The unrolling, deciphering, and printing, the HercuJaneum Manuscripts, is said to be proceeding with diligence. The following are announced as in the press and nearly ready for publication.

Two treatises on Rhetoric, and one on Ethics, by Philodemus; two on Nature, by Epicurus; one by Chrysippus, on Providence; these will be succeeded by one of Camicus; one of Polistrasus; one of Epicurus.

EGYPT. The population of Egypt is estimated at 2,514,400 persons of whom about 200,000 are Copts, or descendants of the ancient Egyptians: 2,300,000 are Tellahs, a mixed race of Arabs, Persians, Syrians, and Egyptians, and 14,000 are foreigners. The number of villages in the country is 3,475, about one half of which are in Lower Egypt.

Egyptian Hieroglyphics.-These venerable characters have lately found another erudite expositor in Professor

Seyffarth, of Leipsic. From the celebrated inscription on the Rosetta Stone, and from examining many rolls of pathis laborious inquirer is of opinpyrus, ion that the hieroglyphics in general are simply hieratic letters, ornamented agreeably to a calligraphic principle. He also infers, that both the hieratic and demotic letters had their origin in the most ancient Phoenician alphabet. The Leipsic Literary Journal, which contains a notice of this theory, mentions farther, that the learned professor reckons the hieroglyphic signs or characters to amount to about 6000, as four or more figures are frequently conjoined in the formation of one of them. We feel more and more convinced that, by arranging and comparing the multitude of ancient Egyptian records, inscriptions on stones and monuments, sarcophaguses, papyra, mummy cases, &c. &c. which now abound in Europe, we shall at length be enabled to decipher this long buried language of the early world.

RELIGIOUS.

A volume of Sermons, designed to be used in Religious Meetings, when there is not present a Gospel Minister. By Daniel A. Clark, A. M. Amherst, Mass. 1826. 8vo. pp. 328.

A Sermon, preached at the Aniversary of St. John the Baptist, June 24, 1826, in New-Haven, before Hiram and Adelphi Lodges. By Rev. Com. Benjamin M. Hill, Pastor of the Baptist Church in New-Haven. Durrie & Peck.

The Christian Philosopher; or the connexion of Science and Philosphy with Religion. Illustrated with engravings. By Thomas Dick. 12 mo. pp. 397. G. & C. Carvill, New-York.

The History of the Crusaders, for the recovery and possession of the Holy Land. By Charles Mills. 8vo. pp. 528. Philadelphia; H. C. Carey & I. Lea.

A Sermon, preached May 31, 1826, in Boston, before the Pastoral associa1826.-No. 8.

55

ulations of the country, from the first treaty with France in 1778, to the treaty of Ghent in 1814 with Great Britian. Boston: Wells and Lilly. 8 vo. pp.

376.

Recollections of the last ten years, passed in occasional residences and journeyings in the valley of the Mississippi, from Pittsburgh and the Missouri to the gulf of Mexico, and from Florida to the Spanish frontier; in a

Series of Letters to the Rev. James Flint of Salem, Mass.: By Timothy Flint, Principal of the Seminary of Rapide, Louisiana. Boston: Cumings, Hilliard, & Co. 8vo. pp. 395.

The American Journal of Science and Arts. Conducted by Professor Sil. liman, of Yale College. Vol. XI. No. 1. June 1826. New-Haven: A. H. Maltby & Co.

UNITARIANISM.-The following is the statistical information alluded to by our correspondent, at page 409 of the present Number. It would have appeared earlier on our pages, but that we wished not to anticipate the respondent to the article from which it is extracted. In the mean time it has been widely circulated in the newspapers, and has, without doubt, corrected the impressions of many respecting the real extent of Unitarianism in the United States. For ourselves we do not remember having read an article in the Christian Examiner, with more pleasure; and we doubt not that it has been at least as gratifying to its Orthodox readers generally as to Unitarians. In respect to the temper of the writer, we must do him the justice to say that, though he shows himself to be by no means one of those timid, half-enlightened, half-resolved Unitarians whose questionable character he tells us so paralizes the zeal of their discreet pastors, yet his remarks are, for the most part, written with the ease and frankness of a good-humoured man.

Leaving Massachusetts, for the present, out of the question, let us take a glance at the condition of Unitarianism in other parts of our country.

Beginning in Maine, we find one flourishing congregation in Portland. Two or three others are scattered through the state, small and unimport

ant. In New Hampshire the case is very similar; one large society in Portsmouth, and here and there a small one, as in Keene and Amherst. In Vermont I am acquaintad with but one avowedly antitrinitarian society, and that is in Burlington. In Rhode Island there is one. In Connecticut there is one, and quite a small one. In New York, the gigantic state of New York, there is one. In New Jersey there is not one, that I know of; Princeton, like a kind of Rome, I suppose, awes heresy into nothingness. In Pennsylvania, there are two or three small ones, just strong enough to hold themselves together, and two or three more, hardly strong enough for that. In Ohio, not one. In Delaware, not one. In Maryland, one, in the city of Baltimore; formerly in prosperity, now in adversity, and obliged to borrow money to save their beautiful church from the

hammer; never large. In the District of Columbia, one. In Virginia, not

one.

In North Carolina, not one. In South Carolina, one. In Georgia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Indiana, Missouri, &c. &c. not one.

There are in several of these states, congregations who have been called Unitarian; and so far as their discarding the doctrine of the trinity entitles them to the appellation, they deserve it. But they have little or no effective sympathy with us; they would rather, I believe, decline any co-operation with us; their teachers may be regarded as missionaries themselves among a semicivilized people; and they cannot be charged with a want of zeal or devetedness, in which qualities they are left behind by none, and for the exercise

of which they have ample occasion at

home.

I do not intend, nor by any means wish to deny, that scattered through the country, we may number many single names of respectability and influence on our side. But they are insulated; they cannot meet with us; they cannot be reached by us, nor be made useful in a common cause.

But I am now ready to speak of the Unitarian resources of Massachusetts, where there is doubtless more Unitarianism than in any other part of the United States. Unitarian societies, more or less flourishing, exist in almost every county, growing more frequent as Boston is approached, the nucleus and head-quarters of American Unitarianism. I am not aware of the exact number of these societies, but am quite ready to confess, that, if they could be brought to act on any point, they would be sufficiently numerous and wealthy to effect something of consequence. Why then are they not brought to act on the subject of foreign missions? Is it because Unitarianism is, as the reviewer says it is, essentially cold! No; but the short answer is, because Unitarianism is not heartily and inteligently embraced by one half of these societies, nor by one third of the members of the other half. This is the chief reason of our seeming remissness, and it needs some comment.

There cannot be mentioned a more palpable fact, than that our country societies, in general, are only Unitarian in the following respects; they cannot believe the doctrine of the Trinity, nor sympathize cordially with Trinitarians; they take the Examiner, perhaps, instead of the Spectator, and the Register instead of the Recorder; when they want a minister, they send to Cambridge instead of Andover, and when they settle him, a Unitarian and not a Trinitarian brother gives him the right hand of fellowship. And yet he must seldom preach to them liberal doctrine; they are afraid of it, and afraid because they are but half informed; they are resolved not to be Trinitarians, but they are not resolved what they are, nor what they ought to be, in the way of doctrine, for in the way of character they are pious and good. Then there are always some few in a society, very respectable and very fearful, whom the minister is cautioned not to shock or

offend, by exhibiting any stronger light than the glimmerings by which they walk, and with which they are contented; and so, because two or three must not be shocked, none must be instructed. Surrounded by this timidity, the minister often grows timid himself; keeps to one style of preaching and one round of subjects, and neither excites nor is excited to inquiry, decision, and exertion. p. 114.

I will mention another fact, Mr. Editor, which, at the same time that it will be another index to the extent of our resources, will give rise to the question, where are our missionaries to the heathen to come from! There is but one institution at present in our country, to which we can look for educated ministers of our persuasion. And what is the number of students at the Theological Institution in Cambridge? I have not the catalogue before me, but if my memory serves me, it is about thirty. And how many candidates for the ministry? About ten. Yes, Sir, about ten candidates, to supply the demands of the United States, and the East Indies! ten candidates to fill our vacant pulpits at home, and diffuse Unitarian Christianity through the distant regions of the earth! p. 117.

SANDWICH ISLANDS.-The latest intelligence of the Mission at these islands is highly interesting. Most of the chiefs are enlisted in the cause of reformation, and the hearts of thousands of the people are inclined to attend to instruction. Within a few months 16,000 copies of Elementary Lessons have been printed, most of which are in use in the schools. The congregation at Honoruru is increased to 3,000.

But the intelligence is interesting in another respect. While the prospect of the harvest is precious, the labourers are fainting under the burden and heat of the day. Most of the females are suffering from exceeding debility, and some are entirely unable to proceed in their labours. The physicians have advised, as the only probable means of recovery to Mrs. Stewart, that she leave the mission. She has arrived with her husband in England, and is daily expected in America. The cause of the great failure of health among the females is thought not to be so much in the climate as in the se

verity of their domestic cares and labours, and in their exposures and pri

vations.

MALTA. Since the establishment of the American press at Malta, about 2,048,000 pages of tracts, in the modern Greek, have been there printed; and 474,000 pages in the Italian language; making, in the whole, about 2,522,000 pages of valuable religious tracts, made ready to pour light into thousands of darkened minds. Most of these have been circulated in numerous directions, and many have travelled to remote places.

These it should be remembered, have been prepared with great labour -have been printed under many disadvantages, for want of a skilful printer-and their circulation has required much effort and care. With two missionaries on the spot, the labour will be divided, and facilities multiplied; and a competent printer has engaged to leave this country for Malta, by leave of Providence, in autumn: from which time, with the blessing of Heaven, the operations of the press will be accelerated.-Miss. Her.

CEYLON.-A correspondent in London to the Editor of the Missionary Herald, relates some highly interesting facts in relation to the Wesleyan missions in Ceylon. They are derived from a letter of the Rev. Mr. Clough, Wesleyan Missionary at Colombo, to the the Secretary of his Society, dated Colombo, Nov. 5th, 1825; the following are extracts.

Brother Gogerly stated at our missionary meeting a few days since, that at one place in his circuit, such a wish prevailed to hear the Gospel, that the chapel was too small to hold half the people. They therefore resolved to enlarge it, and consulted a builder, who told them that a new one would be cheapest in the end. But the neighbourhood is distant from building materials. While a consultation was going on upon the subject, the inhabitants of four villages came forward and stated, that, some time ago, they had united to build a heathen temple, which they had done of the best materials, and at great expense. This temple was situated not far from the chapel; and as they now began to see the folly and wickedness of heathenism, they would agree, in case the missionaries

would accept the offer, to turn out the idols, clear it of its rubbish, and convert it into the house of God, or if the missionaries preferred, they would pull down the temple, carry the materials to the place of our present chapel, and with the materials build a new chapel.

The temple was accepted, cleared, and converted into a house for the worship of the true God.

In several of our circuits-Mr. C. adds-in the south of Ceylon, such crowds of people attend our little chapels to hear the word of God, that they are crying out, "the places are too straight for us."

HINDOOSTAN. In addition to the above in relation to Ceylon, Mr. Clough states a very important fact, that has lately transpired in the southern part of peninsular India-it is supposed Tanjore, the scene of Mr. Swartz's labours. He states it on the authori ty of a missionary of the Church of England, who had lately attended a missionary meeting in Ceylon. It is this" that forty villages, containing in the aggregate four thousand inhabitants, had publicly renounced heathenism, and had converted many of their temples into Christian churches, and such as could not be thus used they had demolished with their idols.”

PROGRESS OF RELIGION AND CIVILIZATION AMONG THE HOTTENTOTS.

An English gentleman, who had visited the principal colonial missions of the London Missionary Society in South Africa, thus writes to Dr. Philip, at Cape Town, respecting the condition of the Hottentots generally; as we learn from the London Missionary Register for January.

At all the institutions, we found Sunday schools, both for adults and children, in active operation: and zealously supported by the people themselves, as well as by almost every individual resident at the station whose assistance could be made useful as teachers.-Many of the latter class were selected from among the Hottentots; and when it is considered, that not less than six hundred adults, and from three hundred to four hundred children are regularly receiving instruction and learning to read the Scriptures in these schools-and that the greatest number of the children are also taught on week-days to read and