Seawell has vigorously expressed her opposition to the granting of the franchise to women. Undoubtedly this question is one of the most absorbing and important now engaging the attention of the civilized world. Miss Seawell's recent book"The Ladies' Battle" is frankly, vigorously, and in many parts, convincingly, anti-suffrage. It is perhaps the first really comprehensive book on the anti side of the argument. Her thesis may be summed up in the second sentence of the first chapter of the book: "the suffragists . . . while they propose a stupendous governmental change, have little knowledge of the fundamentals of government, the evolution of representation, the history of politics, or the genesis, scope, and meaning of suffrage.' THE FINE ARTS "Schools of Painting," by Mary Innes, with a chapter on American schools of painting and further additional material by Charles de Kay, presents an historical survey of the entire period of modern art, which period is estimated to be about five hundred years. Miss Innes writes with exceeding mastery of the art of swift, pictorial detail. Her pen never lags and in her explanations of the technicalities of a picture she never loses sight of the soul of the work or its essential meaning in the history of men and events. The text of this volume progresses in its delineation of painting through the periods of the various schools, from the early Christian period, when the legends of the saints and martyrs served the artist's brush, down to the awakening of art in Italy-Giotto, Fra Angelico, Raphael, Da Vinci, Michael Angelo and on to the Venetian, Flemish, Spanish and French masters. The English landscape painters who followed swiftly upon Wordsworth and Coleridge, Cozens, Turner, and Constable,-furnish a chapter that is an inspiration and a delight. We behold them as ism of the eighteenth century, as pioneers of the "intimate relations that exist between man and nature," and as the first men to translate into paint the significance of great emotion. The chapter on American schools of painting by Mr. de Kay is sufficiently vital and comprehensive to stimulate a general interest in American pictures. He has not forgotten to do justice to men who, like Louis Loeb, the illustrator turned symbolist-painter, died before the promise of their youth could be fulfilled by the work of a ripe maturity. Emphasis is placed on the fact that America is holding her own in the realm of art. Ever since the famous Italian Lombroso, by his epoch-making work on the abnormal man, raised criminology to the dignity of a science, there have been many works of independent investigators and thinkers on the subject, who, however, have generally retraced their steps to the monumental work of the Italian student. The two noteworthy volumes on the social causes of crime and its physical and mental, as well as moral effects, have recently a part of the great revolt from the deadly rationalappeared. In the "Modern Criminal Science Series, which is being published under the auspices of the American Institute of Criminal Law and Criminology, Little, Brown & Company have brought out an English translation (by Henry P. Horton) of Lombroso's "Crime: Its Causes and Remedies." In this volume Lombroso himself declares he has attempted to complete and systematize all reforms that deal with the criminal "in accordance with the data of biography and sociology." There is an introduction to the volume by Dr. Maurice Parmelee, of the University of Missouri. The second volume is entitled "Criminal Man."3 It is a summary of the classifications of Lombroso by his daughter Gina, Madam Ferrero. A MANUAL OF THE FLYING MACHINE "Let music be the first of all languages and rhythm, and secondly tone; but not vice-versa, and moreover to strive to force music into the consciousness of the hearer and create there those impressions so admirable and so much praised by the ancients." Thus wrote Caccini in his "Nuove Musiche," in the year 1601, and thus, in other words, writes Mr. W. J. Henderson in a scholarly and authoritative study of early Italian music entitled "Forerunners of Italian Opera." We are guided through the crudities of medieval music in the age when the lyric drama rising from three sources, the aristocracy, religion, and the people, religious or liturgical music-drama. While some attention is paid to German and French plays, the greater part of the volume is devoted to Italy. Music lovers and students will find delight in Mr. Henderson's analysis of the fifteenth-century music, the music of the period of Jacopo Sannazaro and his Arcadia, when "the solemn ecclesiastic prose of the world was turned into happy, pagan song, when the very music of the church went out into the world and became earthly in the madrigals of love." Considerable space is devoted to Polizanno's "Favola di Orfeo,' an early Italian dramatic poem of 434 lines, whose classic story has been a favorite with musical composers down to Gluck. "In less than a year from the date when Bleriot flew over the English Channel," says Waldemar Kaempffert in "The New Art of Flying," "the actual sales of flying machines outnumbered the actual sales of automobiles in the first year of their commercial development." It seems but yesterday when the first few automobiles lumbered heavily along their uncertain way. To-day they are everywhere and used for every possible pur- divided into the secular music-drama and the pose. Will it be the same with flying machines? Perhaps. At any rate, the art of flying is advancing so rapidly that new books on the subject appear at frequent intervals. Mr. Kaempffert's volume is a popular and interesting treatment of the subject, beginning with the gliders of Lilienthal and Chanute and ending very properly with a chapter on the future of flying. The author takes up some points that are perhaps especially puzzling to the uninitiated, as, for instance, "Why flying machines fly," "How an aeroplane is balanced," "Making a turn," and "Aëroplane motors." Although intended chiefly to explain in a simple manner the dynamics of the flying machine, the book does not overlook the romantic aspect of aviation. "Sacred Symbols in Art" is a carefully prepared handbook which interprets the symbolism in Schools of Painting. Mary Innes. Edited by Charles de Kay. G. P. Putnam's Sons. 408 pp., ill. $2.50. • Forerunners of Italian Opera. Mr. W. J. Henderson. Henry Holt & Co. 243 pp. $1.25 net. 7 Sacred Symbols in Art. Putnam's Sons. 283 pp., ill. Elizabeth Goldsmith. G. P. $1.75. religious art. Symbols were used in the early works of art not only as emblems of particular saints and martyrs, but also as an expression of incidents in their lives. Without some knowledge of these symbols much of the significance of religious pictures must necessarily be lost. Just at the present time, when there is such keen interest in the revival of the study of Biblical history, this handbook comes with refreshing interest. Who does not wish to know the beautiful, old legends of the saints, the stories of St. Agnes and St. Dorothy, St. George and the youthful St. Sebastian? These legends have become a part of our world-literature and their influence has always been for good. The book includes the symbols and legends of the Madonna and a description of the significance of color in religious art, and an alphabetical list of the symbols is given in the fore part of the book. The information is compact, concise; the illustrations are frequent and beautifully reproduced. It can be especially recommended to those who intend to visit European art museums. LITERATURE "World Literature" conceived from the English point of view is placed before us in brilliant and epigrammatical style by Richard G. Moulton, Professor of Literature in the University of Chicago. He takes the entire literary field as conceived and understood by the English-speaking peoples and enlarges upon its realization as a unity. Starting with the Hellenic and Hebraic literatures with their sources in the Semitic and Aryan races, he converges them into modern English literature and European culture. The transitions are handled with clever workmanship and great breadth of perspective. The Bible is considered as the autobiography of a spiritual evolution; classic epic and tragedy are arranged in the order of their story to show the unity that carries us across from the Latin and the Greek productions to modernity, to "our sweetest Shakespeare." The crystallization of literary material is explained and the results stated in charts and diagrams. Through the romance of the East, the myths of the Northern Sagas, the lore of China and Japan, Dante, Milton, and Goethe, and on down to Macaulay, Emerson, Saint Beuve, Carlyle, and the Romanticists, runs the world story of English literature. The volume is written alike for the formal student and busy men and women who browse upon learning in moments of leisure. Quite apart from its mass of fact knowledge, it contains an appreciation of the dim ideals that move slowly over the babel of the ages in forms of unchanging beauty, or, in Mr. Moulton's words, "in a series of luminous reflections." THE PHILOSOPHY OF LIFE A rather unusual theological book, or to be more accurate, religious treatise, in which the author tries to examine dispassionately all that the Scripture has to say concerning life after death is entitled "The Gospel of the Hereafter." The author is the Reverend J. Paterson Smyth, who has written a number of books on modern religious problems, and who, it will be remembered, contributed to this REVIEW for May, our article on the "Three Centuries of the English Bible." Dr. Smyth is not 1 World Literature. R. G. Moulton. Macmillan Co. 502 pp. $1.75 net. The Gospel of the Hereafter. By Rev. J. Paterson Smyth. Fleming H. Revell Co. 224 pp. $1. MOLLY ELLIOT SEAWELL (Author of "The Ladies' Battle;" see opposite page) afraid to speak with perfect frankness on controverted subjects, nor to admit with as great frankness his ignorance-our ignorance-of so much on which the Bible and other sources of human knowledge are silent. He states clearly what we may assume to know, and with as much clearness admits what we do not know. A novel, but eminently practical and very useful method of educating young people, in the true sense of the word, on subjects of a more abstract nature than are taught in the schools, has been adopted by Jessie E. Sampter, in her book "The Seekers."3 A number of normal, average boys and girls of fifteen to eighteen years of age get together and frankly give their opinions, and ask such questions as occur to them about God, the world, life, doubt, humanity, immortality, conscience, and other of the great non-physical problems that tax our age. There is a certain clearness of vision and careful touch shown by the author, who was the leader of the group, that makes her conclusions 'very helpful. She sets her pupils to thinking, as well as to receiving, to quote Professor Josiah Royce, who contributes the preface to the book "they are thus prepared for a variety of future religious and philosophical experiences, and yet they are kept in touch with that love and hope of unity which alone can justify the existence of our very doubts, of our philosophical disputes, and of our modern complications of life." Helen R. Albee, who has written of craft and garden with practical knowledge, now offers "The Gleam," a book of spiritual autobiography. She tells us frankly and simply of her own spiritual groping after truth and of the final peace gained by patient effort and an unswerving fidelity to spiritual ideals. After quoting from a letter of Emerson's to her father, she writes: "There is a Super The Seekers. By Jessie E. Sampter. New York: Mitchell Kennerley. 302 pp. $1.25. 4 The Gleam. By Helen R. Albee. Henry Holt & Co. 321 pp. $1.25. Cadmean alphabet, which when one has learned the characters, he will find as it were secretly inscribed, look where he will, not only in books and temples, but in all waste places and in the dust of the earth. Happy he who can read it, for he will never be lonely or thoughtless again." Mrs. Albee has discovered the key to this alphabet that guides the seeker to a full realization of the spiritual universe. She writes: "Matter is the sacred symbol through which the soul is to be educated. He who would excel in other than common things, who desires to progress until he can use constructive thought power, which transcends physical forces, must obey the requirements of Nature in observing order, economy, utility, beauty and proportion.' Mrs. Albee has realized that in order to teach things of good report it is necessary to embody right principles in a record of human life. The greatest thing literature can do for us is to reveal the life of a good and worthy person, who through patience and faith has learned to control environment and destiny. TRAVEL AND DESCRIPTION Perhaps the most illuminating articles on the Far East that have recently appeared in any American periodical are those that have been running during the last few months, in Scribner's. The author of these articles, Mr. Price Collier, has embodied his observations during a year spent in the Orient in an intensely interesting volume entitled "The West in the East from an American Point of View." Mr. Collier gives special attention in this work to the problems of modern India, and to most Americans his presentation of the difficulties that beset the British Government in that country will have all the charm of novelty. In his discussion of the recent progress made by China and Japan the author imparts sound advice to his own countrymen as to the proper American attitude toward Oriental civilization. On the whole, Mr. Collier has made a useful contribution to our knowledge of Oriental conditions. Those who are contemplating a trip to Italy could not possibly do better, we take it, than to get a copy of Henry James Forman's "The Ideal Italian Tour," to read it thoroughly before starting, to take it with them and reread it on the way. This stimulatingly and charmingly written little volume supplies just the proper mixture of history, art lore, and practical information based on actual experience, that is needed by the traveler. There is an appendix which gives the titles of some useful books on Italy, and a comprehensive and useful index. PRICE COLLIER (Author of "The West in the East") Hartford Seminary, which is largely made up of appreciations of missionary work among the Mohammedan peoples of Asia and Africa. by Noteworthy books of travel and description recently issued include "Cathedrals of Spain" dor: Its Discovery, Exploration and DevelopJohn A. Gade, handsomely illustrated; "Labrament," by W. G. Gosling, illustrated; "Across South America,' ,"8 by Professor Hiram Bingham (Yale), illustrated from photographs; "Impressions of Mexico with Brush and Pen," by Mary Barton, illustrated; "A Summer Flight," 10 by Frederick A. Bisbee, dealing with a rapid European tour in England and on the continent; "The Face of E. G. Kemp, illustrated in color; "Yosemite Manchuria, Korea, and Russian Turkestan," " by from photographs; "New England," 13 edited by Trails," 12 by J. Smeaton Chase, with illustrations George French, illustrated; and "East and West," 14 by Stanton Davis Kirkham, referring to the Eastern and Western States. Among the recently issued noteworthy books on the Orient by travelers and students, may be mentioned "China's Story in Myth, Legend, Art and Annals," by Professor William Elliot Griffis, which is largely historical; "The Obvious Orient," 4 by Dr. Albert Bushnell Hart (of the chair of the Science of Government in Harvard), which is largely a traveler's first impressions of Japan and China and pp., ill. the Philippines, and ". Aspects of Islam,"5 by Dr. Duncan Black Macdonald, of the University of 1 The West in the East from an American Point of View. By Price Collier. Scribner's. 534 pp. $1.50. 2 The Ideal Italian Tour. By Henry James Forman. Houghton, Mifflin Co. 413 pp., ill. $1.50. 3 China's Story. By William Elliot Griffis. ton, Mifflin Co. 302 pp., ill. $1.25. Hough The Obvious Orient. By Albert Bushnell Hart. Appletons. 367 pp. $1.50. Aspects of Islam. By Duncan B. Macdonald. millan Co. 375 pp. $1.50. Houghton, 6 Cathedrals of Spain. By John A. Gade. Mifflin Co. 279 pp., ill. $5. 7 Labrador. By W. G. Gosling. John Lane Co. 573 $6. 8 Across South America. ton, Mifflin Co. 405 pp., ill. 9 Impressions of Mexico. lan Co. 164 pp., ill. $3. By Hiram Bingham. Hough$3.50. By Mary Barton. Macmil 10 A Summer Flight. By Frederick A. Bisbee. Boston: The Murray Press. 370 pp., ill. $1. 11 The Face of Manchuria, Korea, and Russian Turkestan, By E. G. Kemp. Duffield & Co. 248 pp., ill. $1.75. 12 Yosemite Trails. By J. Smeaton Chase. Houghton, Mifflin. 354 pp., ill. $2. 13 New England. Edited by George French. Chamber of Commerce. 431 pp., ill. Boston: Mac 14 East and West. By Stanton Davis Kirkham. Putnam's Sons. 280 pp., ill. $1.75. G. P. New York's Great Public Library Two Decades of International Copyright Seaman A. Knapp, Agricultural Statesman The Proper Housing of Our Diplomats Volunteer Soldiers of 1861 Standard Oil Decision THE REVIEW OF REVIEWS CO., 13 Astor Place, NEW YORK PRICE-25-CENTS ALBERT SHAW, Pres. $3.00-A-YEAR |