Come, lady, I will fhow thee to my kin;

And they fhall fay, when Richard me begot, If thou hadst faid him nay, it had been fin: Who fays it was, he lies; I fay, 'twas not. [Exeunt.

France. Before the walls of Angiers.

Enter, on one fide, the Archduke of Auftria, and Forces; on the other, PHILIP, King of France, and Forces, LEWIS, CONSTANCE, ARTHUR, and Attendants.

LEW. Before Angiers well met, brave Auftria.Arthur, that great forerunner of thy blood, Richard, that robb'd the lion of his heart," And fought the holy wars in Palestine, By this brave duke came early to his grave: '

2 Richard, that robb'd &c.] So, Raftal, in his Chronicle: "It is fayd that a yon was put to kynge Richard, beynge in prison, to have devoured him, and when the lyon was gapynge he put his arme in his mouth, and pulled the Lyon by the harte fo hard that he flewe the lyon, and therefore fome fay he is called Rycharde Cure de Lyon; but fome fay he is called Cure de Lyon, because of his boldness and hardy ftomake." GREY.

I have an old black-lettered hiftory of lord Fauconbridge, whence Shakspeare might pick up this circumftance. FARMER.

In Heywood's Downfall of Robert Earl of Huntington, 1601, there is a long defcription of this fabulous atchievement.

The fame story is told by Knighton, inter Decem Scriptores, and by Fabian, who calls it a fable. It probably took its rife from Hugh de Neville, one of Richard's followers, having killed a lion, when they were in the Holy Land: a circumftance recorded by Matthew Paris. MALONE.

3 By this brave duke came early to his grave:] The old play led Shakspeare into this error of afcribing to the Duke of Auftria the

And, for amends to his pofterity,

At our importance hither is he come,

To spread his colours, boy, in thy behalf;
And to rebuke the ufurpation

Of thy unnatural uncle, English John:

Embrace him, love him, give him welcome hither. ARTH. God fhall forgive you Coeur-de-lion's

death,

The rather, that you give his offspring life, Shadowing their right under your wings of war:

death of Richard, who loft his life at the fiege of Chaluz, long after he had been ranfomed out of Auftria's power. STEEVENS.

The producing Auftria on the scene is alfo contrary to the truth of hiftory, into which anachronism our author was led by the old play. Leopold Duke of Auftria, by whom Richard I. had been thrown in prifon in 1193, died in confequence of a fall from his horfe in 1195, fome years before the commencement of the present play.

The original caufe of the enmity between Richard the First, and the Duke of Auftria, was, according to Fabian, that Richard "tooke from a knighte of the Duke of Oftriche the faid Duke's banner, and in defpite of the faid duke, trade it under foote, and did unto it all the fpite he might." Harding fays, in his Chronicle, that the cause of quarrel was Richard's taking down the Duke of Auftria's arms and banner, which he had set up above those of the King of France and the King of Jerufalem. The affront was given, when they lay before Acre in Palestine. This circumftance is alluded to in the old King John, where the Baftard, after killing Auftria, fays,

And as my father triumph'd in thy fpoils,

"And trod thine enfigns underneath his feet," &c,

Other hiftorians fay, that the Duke fufpected Richard to have been concerned in the affaffination of his kinfman, the Marquis of Montferrat, who was ftabbed in Tyre, foon after he had been elected King of Jerufalem; but this was a calumny, propagated by Richard's enemies for political purposes. MALONE.

4 At our importance-] At our importunity. JOHNSON. So, in Twelfth Night:

Maria writ

"The letter at Sir Toby's great importance." STEEVENS.

I give you welcome with a powerless hand,
But with a heart full of unstained love:
Welcome before the gates of Angiers, duke.

LEW. A noble boy! Who would not do thee right?

AUST. Upon thy cheek lay I this zealous kifs, As feal to this indenture of my love; That to my home I will no more return, Till Angiers, and the right thou haft in France, Together with that pale, that white-fac'd fhore, Whose foot fpurns back the ocean's roaring tides, And coops from other lands her islanders, Even till that England, hedg'd in with the main, That water-walled bulwark, still secure And confident from foreign purposes, Even till that utmoft corner of the weft, Salute thee for her king: till then, fair boy, Will I not think of home, but follow arms.

CONST. O, take his mother's thanks, a widow's

thanks,

Till your ftrong hand fhall help to give him ftrength, To make a more requital to your love."

AUST. The peace of heaven is theirs, that lift their fwords

In fuch a juft and charitable war.

K. Pul. Well then, to work; our cannon fhall be bent

Against the brows of this refifting town.-
Call for our chiefeft men of difcipline,

5that pale, that white-fac'd fhore,] England is fuppofed to be called Albion from the white rocks facing France.

JOHNSON.

6 To make a more requital, &c.] I believe it has been already obferved, that more fignified in our author's time, greater.

STELVENS.

To cull the plots of beft advantages:-
We'll lay before this town our royal bones,
Wade to the marketplace in Frenchmen's blood,
But we will make it fubject to this boy.

CONST. Stay for an answer to your embaffy, Left unadvis'd you ftain your fwords with blood: My lord Chatillon may from England bring That right in peace, which here we urge in war; And then we shall repent each drop of blood, That hot rash hafte fo indirectly shed.

Enter CHATILLON.

K. PHI. A wonder, lady!-lo, upon thy wish, Our meffenger Chatillon is arriv'd.

What England fays, fay briefly, gentle lord,
We coldly paufe for thee; Chatillon, speak.

CHAT. Then turn your forces from this paltry siege,
And stir them up against a mightier task.
England, impatient of your juft demands,
Hath put himself in arms; the adverfe winds,
Whose leisure I have ftaid, have given him time
To land his legions all as foon as I:

His marches are expedient' to this town,
His forces strong, his foldiers confident.
With him along is come the mother-queen,

To cull the plots of beft advantages:] i. e. to mark fuch stations as might most over-awe the town.

HENLEY.

A wonder, lady!] The wonder is only that Chatillon happened to arrive at the moment when Conftance mentioned him; which the French king, according to a fuperftition which prevails more or lefs in every mind agitated by great affairs, turns into a miraculous interpofition, or omen of good. JOHNSON.

9-expedient-] Immediate, expeditious. JOHNSON.
So, in K. Henry VI. Part II:

"A breach, that craves a quick, expedient stop." STEVENS,

An Até, stirring him to blood and ftrife;*
With her her niece, the lady Blanch of Spain;
With them a bastard of the king deceas'd: '
And all the unfettled humours of the land,—
Rash, inconfiderate, firy voluntaries,

With ladies' faces, and fierce dragons' fpleens,-
Have fold their fortunes at their native homes,
Bearing their birthrights proudly on their backs,"
To make a hazard of new fortunes here.
In brief, a braver choice of dauntless spirits,
Than now the English bottoms have waft o'er,'
Did never float upon the fwelling tide,

To do offence and scath' in Chriftendom.

2 An Até, ftirring him, &c.] Até was the Goddess of Revenge. The player-editors read-an Ace. STEEVENS.

Corrected by Mr. Rowe. MALONE.

This image might have been borrowed from the celebrated libel, called Leicester's Commonwealth, originally published about the year 1584: She ftandeth like a fiend or fury, at the elbow of her Amadis, to firre him forward when occafion fhall ferve." STEEVENs. 3 With them a baftard of the king deceas'd:] The old copy, erroneously, reads-king's. STEEVENS.

This line, except the word with, is borrowed from the old play of King John, already mentioned. Our author fhould have written king, and fo the modern editors read. But there is certainly no corruption, for we have the fame phrafeology elsewhere. MALONE. It may as juftly be faid, that the fame error has been elsewhere repeated by the fame illiterate compofitors. STEEVENS.

4 Bearing their birthrights, &c.] So, in King Henry VIII:

O, many

"Have broke their backs with laying manors on them."

JOHNSON. Than now the English bottoms have waft o'er,] Waft for wafted. So again in this play:

"The iron of itself, though heat red hot—”

i. e. heated. STEEVENS.

6fcath] Deftruction, harm. JOHNSON. So, in How to chufe a good Wife from a Bad, 1602: "For these accounts, 'faith it fhall feath thee something." Again :

"And it shall seath him somewhat of my purfe." STEEVENS.