History.

FIRST PAPER.

Answers to only seven questions required.

1. Describe the Military, Judicial, and Ecclesiastical systems in the Anglo-Saxon constitution.

2. What was the political influence of the Danes in England? What was the Danelage? What were the great earldoms created by Canute? What was the tendency of these earldoms? What was their condition under the Norman and Plantagenet Kings?

3. Explain Manors, Honors, and Liberties. What was the form and extent of the jurisdiction of the Court Leet and Court Baron?

4. The eighteenth clause of the Magna Charta reads: "Recognitiones de nova dissaisina, de morte antecessoris, et de ultima praesentatione non capiantur nisi in suis comitatibus et hoc modo. Nos, vel si extra regnum fuerimus, capitalis justiciarius noster, mittimus duos justiciarios per unumquemque comitatum per quatuor vices in anno, qui, cum quatuor militibus cujuslibet comitatus electis per comitatum, capiant in comitatu et in die et loco comitatus assisas praedictas." Explain fully the expressions in italics.

5. Stubbs says: "The assize of Clarendon is the most important document of the nature of law or edict that has appeared since the conquest." Explain this, telling the nature of the assize.

6. Explain the expression of William of Malmesbury regarding the Leges Eduardi-Non quod ille statuerit sed quod observavit.

7. What changes were made in the Judicial systems under the Norman Kings, and also in the financial administration.

8. Criticise the spirit of the Magna Charta. Gneist says: "There is no country, and no petty state in Europe, which has not at some time or other received its Magna Charta, but as a rule these long catalogues of grievances and promises were speedily forgotten." Why has the English Magna Charta become "the living foundation of the constitution?" Wherein lies the difference between this Magna Charta and those of the continent?

9. What constitutes an estate? Clearly define the particular facts which have distinguished each of the estates of the British parliament.

10. When did petitions assume the form of complete Statutes under the name of Bills? State the circumstances which led to the change.

11. When did the House of Commons assert the following rights and privileges? (a) That supplies were made dependent on redress of grievances. (6) That all money bills must originate in the Commons. (e) Right of inquiring into public abuses and controlling the royal administration. (d) Right of the Commons to determine

contested elections.

History.

SECOND PAPER.

Answers to only seven of the following questions required.

1. "The thirteenth century had the spirit without the letter of the constitutional programme, the fourteenth had the letter with little of the spirit." Explain and illustrate this.

2. Tell the purpose and state the circumstances which called for the Statutes of De religiosis (1280), of Quia Emptores (1290), of Labourers (1349), of Praemunire (1353), and of Provisors (1361).

3. The constitutional development under the Plantagenets, including the Edwards, promised to establish ministerial rosponsibility to both Parliament and the Crown. Explain this development, and state the circumstances which checked it.

4. Fortescue, following Thomas Aquinas, in his De regimine Principum, classes governments as (a) Dominicum regale, (6) Dominicum politicum, and (3) Dominicum regale et politicum. Under which class does he place the English constitution. Explain his reasoning.

5. "A bill before becoming an act has to go through several distinct changes." Detail these processes. When did they come into use?

6. What were the grounds of the impeachment of the Earl of Strafford? "The doctrine of treason was the necessary result of the doctrine of oaths and of duty." Explain this and also give Glanvil's, Bracton's and Britton's definitions of treason, also as it is defined in the Act of Edward III (1352). What was the position taken by Pym?