The two groups of Caesar's commentarii were probably offered for sale separately by the booksellers. By the time of Suetonius the division of the work into two parts was so generally recognized that to his adaptation of the title, rerum suarum commentarii, he added as epexegetical secondary titles Gallici civilisque belli Pompeiani, the adjective Pompeiani being added to indicate that Caesar's own books on the Civil War, as distinguished from the continuations mentioned in the next sentence, covered only the struggle with Pompey. The continuations known to Suetonius were apparently the same as those which we have; they were probably arranged as they appear in the Ashburnham manuscript, the Alexandrian War being numbered XI, the African War XII, and the Spanish War XIII.

worn.

5.

The thirteen rolls of the Caesarian corpus in their proper order were copied into a manuscript of the ordinary codex form, each roll being of course reckoned a separate book (liber). This codex, or an early descendant, became badly The parts which suffered most were the first page, the last page, and the page containing the opening sentences of Book ix, to which, as the beginning of the Civil War, those looking at the manuscript would turn more frequently than to any other part between the two covers. At last the leaves on which were these pages became loose and disappeared; thus were lost the first page containing the title, which was usually put on the first page of a codex (Aug. Ep. 40, 2, Corp. Script. Eccl. Lat. XXXIV, 2, p. 71; cited by Dziatzko, Ausg. Kapitel des ant. Buchwesens, p. 179), a leaf containing the end of Book viii and the beginning of Book ix, and one or more leaves with the end of the Spanish War. Of the origin of other lacunae it is not necessary here to speak.

6.

From this mutilated codex came at least three descendants to all of which titles were supplied:

a. In one copy, by an error easily explicable, the new title

assigned the work to Suetonius; descendants of this exemplar, or the exemplar itself, were used in the fifth century by Orosius (cf. vi, 7, 2 and Jahresberichte des phil. Vereins zu Berlin, 1885, pp. 154-156) and Apollinaris Sidonius (Ep. ix, 14, 7 opera Suetonii = opera Caesaris).

b. In another copy, though the work was recognized as Caesar's, Ephemeris Gaii Iulii Caesaris or C. Iulii Caesaris was supplied as a title by some reader of Plutarch's life of Caesar (22 ὁ μὲν Καῖσαρ ἐν ταῖς ἐφημερίσι γέγραφεν) or a similar Greek source now lost; this manuscript or a descendant of it was used by Symmachus in the year 396 (Ep. iv, 18, 5 Sume ephemeridem C. Caesaris decerptam bibliotheculae meae, ut tibi muneri mitteretur).

c. In the third copy, which was in the line of descent to the archetype of all existing manuscripts, libri Gaii Iulii Caesaris was supplied as a general title, and then de narratione temporum belli Gallici, or something similar, was added as a secondary title of Books i-viii; hence came the form of the title which appears in the ẞ manuscripts. As the beginning of Book ix had disappeared, one of the scribes who copied from the archetype (X) or from the princeps of the B class, noticing that this book commenced a new subject, supplied a form of bellum civile as a title, divided the book into two parts, numbering these as Books i and ii of a separate work, and changing the number of Book x to iii; hence the division of the Civil War as it is found in most manuscripts.

7.

The variant forms of the titles of Caesar's work found in the manuscripts and in the early editions may all be explained as arising in part from the acquaintance of scribes and editors with more than one manuscript, and in part from attempts to restore the ancient title from literary sources.

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

THIRTY-SEVENTH ANNUAL MEETING

OF THE

AMERICAN PHILOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

HELD AT ITHACA, NEW YORK, DECEMBER, 1905

ALSO OF THE SEVENTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE

Philological Association of the Pacific Coast

HELD AT THE SAME TIME IN

SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA

MEMBERS IN ATTENDANCE AT THE THIRTY-SEVENTH

ANNUAL MEETING (ITHACA, NEW YORK).

Hamilton Ford Allen, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J.
Andrew R. Anderson, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J.
Louis F. Anderson, Whitman College, Walla Walla, Wash.
R. Arrowsmith, New York, N. Y.

Frank Cole Babbitt, Trinity College, Hartford, Conn.
Floyd G. Ballentine, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pa.
J. W. Basore, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J.
Paul V. C. Baur, Yale University, New Haven, Conn.
Charles E. Bennett, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y.
Clarence P. Bill, Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O.
Haven D. Brackett, Clark University, Worcester, Mass.
Demarchus C. Brown, Butler College, Irvington, Ind.
Carleton L. Brownson, College of the City of New York, N. Y.
Henry F. Burton, University of Rochester, Rochester, N. Y.

Donald Cameron, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J.

Mitchell Carroll, George Washington University, Washington, D. C.
Jesse Benedict Carter, American School of Classical Studies, Rome, Italy.
Earnest Cary, Cambridge, Mass.

A. C. Chapin, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Mass.

George H. Chase, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.

Charles Nelson Cole, Oberlin College, Oberlin, O.

Arthur Stoddard Cooley, Auburndale, Mass.

Walter Dennison, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.
Sherwood O. Dickerman, Yale University, New Haven, Conn.
Martin L. D'Ooge, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.
Herman L. Ebeling, Hamilton College, Clinton, N. Y.
Katharine M. Edwards, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Mass.
Herbert C. Elmer, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y.

Robert B. English, Washington and Jefferson College, Washington, Pa.
Arthur Fairbanks, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, Ia.
Edward Fitch, Hamilton College, Clinton, N. Y.

Thomas Fitz-Hugh, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.
Harold N. Fowler, Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O.
Charles J. Goodwin, Lehigh University, So. Bethlehem, Pa.
George D. Hadzsits, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis.
Elizabeth Hazelton Haight, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
H. A. Hamilton, Elmira College, Elmira, N. Y.
Albert Granger Harkness, Brown University, Providence, R. I.
Karl P. Harrington, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn.
J. E. Harry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, O.
Harold Ripley Hastings, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J.

George Hempl, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.

Joseph William Hewitt, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn.
Gertrude Hirst, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, N. Y.
Charles Hoeing, University of Rochester, Rochester, N. Y.

i