Ecce, viro stridens alis allapsa sagitta est: 320. Est incertum, quâ 320 manu pulsa sit 325 330 331. Qualis sanguineus Mavors, cùm Turnus, ut Æneam cedentem ex agmine vidit, Turbatosque duces, subitâ spe fervidus ardet: Poscit equos, atque arma simul, saltuque superbus Emicat in currum, et manibus molitur habenas. Multa virum volitans dat fortia corpora leto: Semineces volvit multos, aut agmina curru Proterit, aut raptas fugientibus ingerit hastas. Qualis apud gelidi cùm flumina concitus Hebri Sanguineus Mavors clypeo increpat, atque furentes Bella movens immittit equos: illi æquore aperto Ante Notos Zephyrumque volant: gemit ultima pulsu Thraca pedum; circùmque atræ Formidinis ora, Iræque, Insidiæque, Dei comitatus, aguntur. Talis equos alacer media inter prælia Turnus Fumantes sudore quatit, miserabilè cæsis Hostibus insultans: spargit rapida ungula rores Sanguineos, mixtâque cruor calcatur arenâ. Jamque neci Sthenelumque dedit, Thamyrimque, Pho- 342. Congressus est hunc et hunc cominùs; lumque, illum, nempe, Sthenelum Hunc congressus et hunc; illum eminùs: eminùs ambos eminùs; congressus est Imbrasidas, Glaucum atque Ladem; quos Imbrasus ipse eminùs ambos NOTES. It 319. Viro: to the hero, i. e. Æneas. Alis: here denotes the swiftness of the arrow. moved on wings. 320. Quo turbine: by what whirling force: simply, by what force. Quo impelu, says Rumus. Pulsa: in the sense of missa. 322. Pressa est: is concealed. No one has the glory of so illustrious a deed. uria. 325. Fervidus ardet: the absence of Æneas raises the courage of Turnus, and inflames him for battle. He is once more victorious, as he had been before on the banks of the Tiber, when Eneas was absent in This indirect method of praising his hero, Virgil had learned from Homer, who makes his victory to lean on the side of the Trojans during the absence of Achilles; so, here, the absence of Æneas makes the scales turn in favor of the Latins. The absence of Eneas was sudden and unexpected by Turnus; and as soon as he saw him withdraw from the field, he was fired with the hope of retrieving the lost fortunes of his country. 326. Superbus: in the sense of animosus. 327. Molitur: in the sense of tractat. 330. Proterit: he crushed. Rumus says, sternit. Agmina: the troops-the enemy. As Turnus drove furiously through the -anks of the enemy, the wheels of his chariot crushed some to death, and others wounded 335 336. Circumaguntur eum 339. Ungula ejus equo 340 rum and half dead they rolled and tumbled along as they lay prostrate on the field. Ingerit: he hurled threw. Raptas: in the sense of correptas vel arreptas. Ruæus says, immittit fugientibus hastas abstractas iisdem: which implies that Turnus took the spears from the fugitives, and then threw them at them. The word raptas frequently signifies no more than, snatched up-suddenly taken. 331. Flumina Hebri: along the streams of Hebrus-along the river Hebrus. See Ecl. x. 65. 332. Increpat: in the sense of sonat. 333. Immillit: lets loose-gives full reins to his furious steeds. 335. Ora alra formidinis: the form or countenance of grim terror-grim terror itself. 336. Comitatus Dei: the retinue of the god, i. e. Mars. The word comitatus agrees in apposition with the preceding nomina. tives Ora, Ira, Insidia. 338. Qualit: in the sense of impellit. Miserabilè cæsis: miserably slain. 339. Sanguineos rores: simply, blood. 342. Hunc, et hunc: the two last he engaged in close fight; the former at a distance. Hic sometimes signifies the latter, or last mentioned; ille, the former, or first mentioned, as in the present case. Nutrierat Lycia, paribusque ornaverat armis, 347. Qui erat proles Antiqui proles bello præclara Dolonis, antiqui Nomine avum referens, animo manibusque parentem : Qui quondam, castra ut Danaûm speculator adiret, 350. Ausus est pos- Ausus Pelidæ pretium sibi poscere currus. Illum Tydides alio pro talibus ausis Affecit pretio; nec equis aspirat Achillis. cere 353. Hunc Eumeden Hunc procul ut campo Turnus conspexit aperto; 359. En, Trojane, ja- En, agros, et, quam bello, Trojane, petîsti, cens, metire agros Hesperiam metire, jacens: hæc præmia, qui me 345 350 355 360 363. Interficit Chlo. Chloreaque, Sybarimque, Daretaque, Thersilochumque, aque Et sternacis equi lapsum cervice Thymœten. NOTES. 344. Ornaveral: and had furnished them with equal arms-with equal skill, or valor in arms. Conferre manum: to engage in close fight. 347. Proles præclara bello. This is to be understood ironically, as appears from what follows: and particularly, from the character of Dolon in Homer, Iliad, lib. 10, where he appears to have undertaken the adventure here alluded to, not from true courage, but from mere covetousness. He demanded the chariot of Achilles, as a reward for this service. 348. Referens: representing-bearing the name of. He bore the name of his grandfather, but was like his father in courage and valor. 349. Qui: this refers to the father, mentioned immediately before. 350. Pelida: gen. of Pelides, a name of Achilles; from his father Peleus: a patronymic. Pretium: as a reward for his deed. 352. Affecit alio pretio. It is here intimated that Dolon was slain by Diomede. 354. Antè secutus: having thrown a swift dart at him before-having pursued him with a swift javelin, &c. Inane: in the sense of aěrem. Longum: distant—at a distance. 357. Mucronem dextra. Though fallen by the spear of Turnus, and dying of his 365 wounds, Eumedes held a dagger in his hand. This the conqueror wrenched from him, and buried deep in his throat. 358. Tingit: stains. Ruæus says, immersit. He buries his glittering sword in his throat. Immittit in jugulum ut sanguine tingatur, says Heyne. 359, En agros: after a victory, the conquerors divided the conquered lands and territory; and in the first place took the dimensions of them, in order to distribute them equally among their troops. To this custin Turnus, in this bitter sarcasm, seems to allude. 362. Cuspide in the sense of jaculo. 364. Sternacis equi: either stumbling and apt to fall himself; or rearing and pitching, in order to throw his rider. Červice: shoulders-back. Rumus says, collo. Thracian Boreas. Boreas, the north wind, 365. Spiritus Edoni Borea: the blast of is here called Thracian, because it blew from that country. The Edoni were a people of Thrace: hence the adj. Edonus. Alto: in the sense of mari. Spiritus: in the sense of flatus vel ventus. 367. Dant fugam: in the sense of fugiunt. Incubuêre: blow-rush or press forward. 369. Ruunt: in the sense of fugiunt. 1 ! Et cristam adverso curru quatit aura volantem. NOTES. 370. Adverso curru: in his chariot facing the wind. Aura: in the sense of ventus. Volantem: waving. But curru may be for currui, in the dat, The wind blowing against his chariot facing it, (adverso,) causes his plumes to wave. Dum currus adversùs ventum fertur, says Heyne. 573. Detorsit ora: with his right hand he turned around the heads, &c. This he did to stop them, that on more equal terms he might engage Turnus. These were the horses of Turnus. Spumantia: foaming at the bit. Citatorum: in the sense of animosorum, vel celerum. 375. Rumpit: in the sense of penetrat. 378. Petebat: he sought aid with his drawn sword. He hoped to succeed against Turnus by attacking him sword in hand. Rumus says, vocabat auxilium. Davidson renders it," he sought assistance from his unsheathed sword." Mucrone: in the sense of gladio. 379. Axis: the extremities of the axletree extended beyond the hub of the wheel. It was most probably this part that struck Phegeus, and threw him headlong on the ground. Concitus: quickened and accelerated by its rapid career. The impetus it had acquired in its course served to increase its velocity. Turnus seeing him in that situation sprang from his chariot, and took off his head between the upper part of his breast-plate, and the lower part of his helmet. Cum: this is the reading of Heyne and Davidson. Ruæus reads quem. It appears that Phegeus had let go of the horses, and was preparing to attack Turnus, when they sprang forward, and the wheel in its rapid motion struck him. 386. Nitentem alternos: supporting his alternate steps, &c. Cuspide: in the sense of hasta, by synec. 387. Arundine: the shaft of the arrow. It is placed absolutely with infracta. lum: the barb or point of the arrow. Te 388. Auxilio: for relief. He orders them to make a gash or incision (eulnus) down to the very blade of the dart or javelin, (latebram teli,) and extract it without delay, that he may again enter the fight, and check the career of Turnus. Proxima: the speediest-quickest. 390. Rescindant: in the sense of aperian.. 392. Cui: in the sense of cujus: with an ardent love of whom, Apollo, &c. 393. Suas artes dabat: he gave to him the choice of his arts. This appears to be the meaning from verse 396, infra, maluit scire, &c. The arts of Apollo were, 1. Prophecy. 2. Music: whence, he is often represented with a lyre, and considered the god of poets. 3. Skill in archery: hence, he is represented with a quiver. 4. Medicine. This last was the choice of Iapys. 399. Immobilis magno concursu juvenum 400. Ille senior Iapys succinctus amictu retorto in Pæonium XII. 395 400 Ille, ut depositi proferret fata parentis, Hic Venus, indigno nati concussa dolore, 414. Illa gramina sunt Purpureo. Non illa feris incognita capris non incognita Gramina, cùm tergo volucres hæsêre sagittæ. 416. Venus circum- Hoc Venus, obscuro faciem circumdata nimbo, data quoad faciem Detulit: hoc fusum labris spendentibus amnem Inficit, occultè medicans; spargitque salubres Ambrosiæ succos, et odoriferam panaceam. NOTES. 397. Mulas artes: silent arts-arts more useful than showy. The other arts of Apollo were more ostentatious and showy. Agitare: practice or exercise. 398. Acerbà: an adj. neu. plu., used adverbially in the sense of acerbè. : 399. Marentis: of grieving--afflicted. Iülus: Heyne connects lachrymis with lüli mærentis. In this construction, Illus alone is represented as shedding tears. The others assemble to see the wounded hero. 401. Pæonium: an adj. from Pæon the physician of the gods; here put for any physician. Retorto: turned back after the manner of Pæon, that he might perform the operation more conveniently. 403. Trepidat multa. in the sense of festinat multa: he tries many expedients to extract the arrow, to no purpose. Mulla tentat, says Heyne. 404. Sollicitat: he moves, or pulls. Ferrum: the blade, or barbed part of the spear. Fortuna: success-advantage. 406. Subvenit in the sense of adjuvat. Auctor: the author of medicine. Horror: in the sense of terror, says Heyne. It may mean a din or clashing of arms; which will 405 410 415 make the sense of malum easy. See En. ii. 301. 407. Jam vident: they see the air or sky stand thick with dust-to be overspread or filled with dust. 411. Indigno: unmerited-undeserved. 412. Dictamnum: the herb dittany. It is said to have grown only in Crete, whence it had its name from Dicte, a mountain in that island. Its stalk bears soft downy leaves; and its blossoms are not single, but grow upon almost every leaf: whence, it is said to be comantem flore purpureo: this last denotes the color of the flower. Caulem : the stem or stalk: it is here put in apposition with dictamnum. 415. Gramina: in the sense of herba. the following line is in the abl. with this she 416. Hoc: this herb dittany. The hoc in tinged. Rumus says, imbuit. Amnem: in the sense of aquam. 417. Labris: the vessel in which the herbs of lapys were infused. 419. Succos ambrosiæ. Homer makes ambrosia to be the food of the gods. It properly signifies immortality. Panacea: a salutary herb, of which Pliny mentions three kinds. According to the etymology of the word, it should be a remedy for all diseases. Spargit: she diffuses in it the healing juices of ambrosia. Rueus says, miscet. ENEIS. LIB. XII. Fovit ea vulnus lymphâ longævus Iapis, 420 425 cia 430 1435/ Hinc atque hinc; oditque moras, hastamque coruscat. Hæc ubi dicta dedit, portis sese extulit ingens, NOTES. Stetit: 420. Fovit: in the sense of lavit. 421. Ignorans: ignorant of the virtues which had been communicated to it. 422. Quippe indeed-truly. ceased to flow. Constitit, says Rumus. 427. Hæc: this cure-these things. 428. Proveniunt: spring-arise from.Magistrâ: in the sense of medica. 429. Agit: performs the cure. 585 424. In pristina offi 425. O viri citi 427. Addit prætereà, hæc non proveniunt 436. Sed disce fortu nam 437. Ducet te 438. Tu facito ut sis memor meæ virtutis, cùm 440 mox 445 faciet. Inter in the sense of ad. Heyne takes præmia in the sense of victorias. 438. Adoleverit: shall have become-shall have ripened. 439. Repelentem: calling to your mind. Rusus says, revolventem animo. The folowing line is repeated from Æn. iii. 343. 440. Hector. He was the uncle of Asca nius, his mother, Creüsa, being the daughter 430. Incluserat suras: had incased his of Priam. It is the wish of Eneas that his legs on each side in gold. 432. Habilis: in the sense of aptus. 433. Complectitur: he embraces Ascanius, with his arms spread around him. The circum and fusis are to be united into one word. 434. Delibans: gently touching his lips through his helmet. We have here a most interesting instance of paternal affection, and of tender solicitude for the future welfare of his son. 435. Laborem: fortitude-patience under difficulties. 437. Dabit: in the sense of reddet vel own example, and the example of his uncle, may excite him to piety and virtue, and to the performance of deeds of valor. 444. Turba: the troops-all that were in the camp. Fluit: in the sense of rumpunt vel ruunt. Caco: darkening, or obscuring the air. 445. Excita: in the sense of commota. 446. Aggere: in the sense of tumulo vel colle. 450. Rapit: in the sense of ducit vel trahit. Alrum: Rumus says, densum. 451. Sidere abrupto. Davidson observes, that sidere here may be taken for a storm, |