Ipsorum clypeos, et non felicia tela. Multa boum circà mactantur corpora morti: 200 205 210 Nec minùs et miseri diversâ in parte Latini NOTES. 196. Non felicia: unsuccessful darts those that failed to do execution, when thrown against the enemy. 197. Morti: to the divinity Mors. 199. Jugulant: they kill over the flame, &c. This they did, probably, that the blood cf the victim might fall upon the pile. 201. Busta. Bustum properly is the funeral pile after it is consumed. Semiusta: of semi and ustus. 210. Umbram noctis cœlo: illi mærentes 214. Erat præcipuus 215 220 218. Jubent ipsum decernere armis 222. Contrà est multa sententia they collected together the ashes and the bones mingled on the places (focis) where the funeral piles had been erected. After this they covered them with a mound of earth. Altum implies that the ashes lay thick, or deep upon the ground. Ruæus says, evertebant. Heyne says, legebant. Ruo, is here taken as an active verb. 213. In tectis urbe: in the houses throughout the city. Davidson says, "in the courts of Latinus, and in the city." 214. Fragor: in the sense of plangor. Præcipuus: in the sense of magnus, vel maximus. 204. Partim infodiunt. The meaning is: 215. Nurus. Nurus here may mean any that they buried a part of the slain, and a part they sent to the city of Latinus. Par- marentum: dear hearts of sisters mourning young married woman. Chara pectora tim may be considered here, a sub. in appo-dear, or affectionate sisters mourning the sition with multa corpora. Virûm: of their loss of their brothers and friends. heroes. Avecta: a part. of the verb avehor: carried away. 208. Numero. Numerus here may be taken in its usual acceptation; but it may also mean decency, or regard. They burned all the rest, a confused heap of slain, without any particular marks of regard, or honor, by way of distinction. 211. Ruebant. The meaning is: that 218. Decernere: to decide, or settle the dispute by the sword. 220. Savus: in the sense of acerbus, says Ruæus. 221. Testatur: in the sense of dicit. 222. Multa: various-manifold. 223. Obumbrat: in the sense of protegit vel tutatur. 224. Multa fama. Multa here is plainly actum 228. Dona valuisse nii, nec 233. Recentesque tu muli ante ora admonent Hos inter motus, medio flagrante tumultu, 227. Aiunt nihil esse Legati responsa ferunt: nihil omnibus actum tini Vidimus, ô cives, Diomedem Argivaque castra ; 246. Dictam cogno- Contigimusque manum, quâ concidit Ilia tellus. mine NOTES. 232. Fatalem: destined, and appointed by the gods to marry Lavinia, and to rule the Latin state. Manifesto: by the evident power and assistance of the gods. Admonet; declares. Ruæus says, ostendit. Whatever hesitance and doubt rested on the mind of Latinus, concerning his son-in-law, it was now removed. He plainly saw in the late transactions, the immediate interposition of the gods in favor of Eneas. 235. Imperio: in the sense of jussu. Primos: the chief men-the nobles of the people. Cogit: in the sense of congregat, vel convocat. 236. Fluunt: in the sense of ruunt vel currunt. Plenis: in the sense of stipatis. 238. Sceptris: in power-authority. Regno, says Ruæus. Haud lata: sad-sorrowul. 239. Ex Etola urbe: the city Arpi, built by Diomede. Remissos: returned. 242. Farier for fari, by paragoge. Infit: in the sense of incipit. 243. Diomedem. Diomede was the son of Tydeus and Deïphyle, and king of Eto H 225 230 235 240 245 lia. He was one of the most valiant captains at the siege of Troy. With Ulysses, he stole the Palladium from the temple of Minerva, at Troy, and attacked the camp of Rhesus, king of Thrace, whom they killed, and carried off his horses to the Grecian camp, before they had tasted the grass of Troy or drank the water of the Xanthus. On every occasion, he distinguished himself. He had a rencounter with Hector, and with Eneas; the latter was wounded by him, and would have been slain, if it had not been for the timely aid of Venus. During his absence from his home, his wife Egiale had an amour with Cometes, one of her servants. Disgusted with her infidelity to him, he determined to leave his country, and came into that part of Italy called Magna Grecia. Here he built a city, and called it Argyrippa. He married a daughter of Danaus, king of the country. He died with extreme old age, in-law. His death was greatly lamented by or as some say, by the hands of his fatherhis companions; who, according to fable, They took their flight to some islands on were changed into birds resembling swans. the coast of Apulia, where they became remarkable for their tameness toward the Greeks, and for the horror with which they shunned all other nations. They are called the birds of Diomede. He was worshipped as a god. 244. Emensi: having measured out our journey-having finished our journey, &c. 245. Ilia tellus in the sense of Trojanum regnum. Victor Gargani condebat Iapygis arvis. Postquam introgressi, et coram data copia fandi, Mitto ea, quæ muris bellando exhausta sub altis, NOTES. 247. Gargani: gen. of Gargarɩus, a mountain in Apulia. Hodie, Monte di St. Angelo. A part of Apulia was called Iap?gia, from Iapyr, the son of Dedalus, who settled in those parts. Iapygis: an adj. for Iapygii, agreeing with Gargani-Aprilian. 248. Copia: leave-liberty. 253. Fortuna: Ruæus says, sors. 254. Ignota bella: wars to which you are unaccustomed. Suadet: in the sense of impellit. Lacessere: in the sense of movere. 255. Quicunque violavimus: whoever of us violated, &c. The expression implies that it was sacrilege to injure them. 256. Exhausta: sustained-endured in fighting. Milto: in the sense of omitto vel prætereo. 257. Premat: overwhelmed-bore away. Homer informs us that the river Simoïs, was so choaked with the dead bodies of those slain in one engagement, that its waters were interrupted in their course. To this, Diomede here alludes. The present tense is here used plainly for the past. 258. Expendimus: have endured unspeakable hardships, and suffered every punishment of our crimes. Rumus says, luimus. The war of Troy proved ruinous to the Greeks as well as Trojans. Most of the Grecian heroes suffered extreme hardships on their return. Some perished on the voyage; and others found their kingdoms in a state of revolt, and their domestic peace destroyed. 259. Manus: a company to be pitied, even by Priam himself. The calamities which befell them, though conquerors, were greater than those which befell the vanquished. Even Priam might pity them. stormy-baleful. Triste: 260. Triste sidus: the storm, in which Ajax the son of Oileus was drowned, and the raging constellation Arcturus, by whose influence that storm was raised, are here ascribed to Minerva, whom that hero had offended by violating Cassandra in her temple. Caphereus: a rock on the island Eubœa, where Ajax was shipwrecked. Hence the epithet ultor: the avenger. 262. Protei. The visit of Menelaus to in the Odyss. lib. 4. This account of the Proteus, king of Egypt, is related at large disasters of the Grecian chiefs after the downfall of Troy forms an agreeable episode. It is very natural for the poet to make the aged hero dwell upon the misfortunes of his companions in arms. And it is pleasing to see him, who was so active and fierce in the Iliad, and the first in every enterprise, laying aside his armor, and exhorting the ambassadors to peace. Homer informs us, that Menelaus wandered eight years in the seas in the neighborhood of Egypt, and went as far as the island of Pharos, the boundary of the realms of Pr teus. Sir Isaac Newton observes, that P teus was not the king of Egypt, but a governor or viceroy of the king, and governed Columnas: in the sense of terminos vel. limia part of lower Egypt. See Geor. iv. 388. tes regni Protei. 263. Exulat: in the sense of erro ¿. 264. Referam: shall I mention the subverted realms, &c. Penates: the country of Idomeneus' overthrown. Ruæ is says do mus, for Penales. He was kin g of Crete. See En. iii. 122. 265. Locros: the Locrians., on their re turn, it is said, were forced to the coast of is verbis Nunc adeò, quæ sit dubiæ sententia menti, 315. Docebo vos pau- Expediam; et paucis, animos adhibete, docebo. Est antiquus ager Tusco mihi proximus amni, 317. Occasum solis, Longus in occasum, fines super usque Sicanos. Aurunci Rutulique serunt, et vomere duros asque 319. Asperrima loca Exercent colles, atque horum asperrima pascunt. norum agrorum Hæc omnis regio, et celsi plaga pinea montis Cedat amicitiæ Teucrorum; et fœderis æquas 322. Trojanos socios Dicamus leges; sociosque in regna vocemus. Considant, si tantus amor, et mania condant. Sin alios fines, aliamque capessere gentem 323. Considant illic, si sit illis 315 320 Est animus, poscuntque solo decedere nostro ; 325 327. Sa illi complere eas valent Seu plures, complere valent: jacet omnis ad undam Materies ipsi numerumque modumque carinis Præcipiant; nos æra, manus, navalia demus. 330. Prætereà placet Prætereà, qui dicta ferant et fœdera firment, mihi centum Latinos Centum oratores primâ de gente Latinos Ire placet, pacisque manu prætendere ramos: Munera portantes eborisque, aurique talenta, oratores de 334. Insignia nostri Et sellam, regni trabeamque insignia nostri. regni Consulite in medium, et rebus succurrite fessis. Tum Drances idem infensus; quem gloria Turni NOTES. 313. Toto corpore: with the whole power, or force of the kingdom. 315. Adhibete animos: give attention. 316. Tusco amni: the river Tiber. This river formed the eastern boundary of Tuscany; hence called Tuscan. Est mihi anliquus: This proposal of Latinus to grant a tract of land to the Trojans, is no fiction of the poet. It is mentioned by historians, and other writers. It is said, that Æneas accepted the proposal. It is generally considered to be that tract of country lying between the city Laurentum and the Tiber, including the Trojan camp, or Nova Troja. The extent of the tract is quite uncertain. Cato, whom Servius follows, supposes it to contain about 700 acres. Others suppose that it contained 40 stadia in every direction from the city Lavinium, forming a circle of about ten miles in diameter, Others again enlarge it to 400 stadia in circumference. It is called antiquus, because it belonged to the ancient dominion of the Latin kings. 317. Longus: extended-stretching even beyond. Sicanos: an ancient people of Italy. See Lib. vii. 795. This tract of country the Aurunci formerly, and then the Rutuli, cultivated. The most rugged parts of it, they reserved for pasturage. Serunt: in the sense of colunt. 320. Plaga: in the sense of tractus. 321. Cedat: in the sense of detur. 322. Leges: conditions, or terms. Dica mus: let us appoint-name 330 335 324. Gentem: region-country. 325. Poscunt. This is the reading of Heyne, and of Valpy after him. Ruæus reads possunt. 326. Texamus: in the sense of struamus. 327. Seu: in the sense of vel. Complere: to fill, or man them. Undam: by the water of the Tiber. 329. Præcipiant: in the sense of præscribant. Modum: the form, or shape. Navalia. Navale is a dock where vessels lie; or a ship-yard, where they are built. Also, the materials of which they are built, and with which they are equipped. This last is, probably the meaning here. Era: the money necessary to defray the expenses of building. Manus: the workmen. 331. Primâ gente: of the first rank. 333. Portantes munera: bearing presents. This alludes to the Roman custom of sending such presents to kings. 334. Sellam: the chair of state Trabeam: the trabea was a narrow robe, worn by the kings, and the consuls. 335. Consulite: advise, or consult for the common good. Fessis rebus: distressed state, or condition. 336. Infensus spiteful-bearing spite. The glory of Turnus-his noble birth-his fame in war, had excited his envy; and he embraced the present opportunity to give vent to his feelings. Idem: reference is here made to verse 122, supra et seq. The sarie Drances, &c. Cujus ob auspicium infaustum, moresque sinistros, 345 346. Turnus det (Dican equidem, licèt arma mihi mortemque minetur) Lumina tot cecidisse ducum, totamque videmus · NOTES. $37. Obliquâ. Dr. Trapp observes, that envy is uneasy at another's happiness, and so cannot look directly upon it. Ruæus takes it in the sense of occulla. The envious person sees every thing with distorted, or crooked eyes. Oculos habens distortos. Agitabat: goaded-spurred on. Amaris stimulis: with sharp, or pungent stings. Some 338. Largus: in the sense of abunda..s. Melior lingua. Rumus says, abundantior eloquentia. Drances, with all his qualifications, his eloquence, his wisdom in council, and his noble birth, was a coward. have imagined, that under the character of Turnus, Mark Antony is represented; and that Cicero is shadowed by Drances. It would seem, that Virgil was no great friend to Cicero, for he makes no mention of him in any part of his works. 340. Potens seditione: powerful in factions-a powerful party man. 341. Materna nobilitas: on his mother's side, he was nobly descended from her he had an illustrious descent, or extraction. Ferebat: in the sense of habebat. 342. His dictis: with these invectives—reproaches. Iras: the common hatred against Turnus. 344. Consulis: in the sense of suades vel hortaris. 350 355 360 352. O optime regum, adjicias unum alterum, etiam unum, nempe, filiam istis donis, quæ 357. Tantus terror Turni habet nostras 361. O Turne, caput, ct causa horum 362. Est nobis nulla 345. Quid fortuna: what the state of the nation requires. Populi: in the sense of gentis. Mussant: in the sense of verentur. Heyne says, non audent. 346. Flatus: vaunting-pride-arrogance. 347. Auspicium: conduct-influence.— Drances here attributes the disasters of the state to the unfortunate influence which Turnus had in the councils of Latinus, and relation to the war. to his perverse and determined conduct in 349. Tot lumina ducum: so many illustrious chiefs. 351. Territat: in the sense of minatur. 352. Unum etiam. In addition to the many presents which the king had proposed to send to Æneas, Drances advises him to add another, namely, his daughter Lavinia, as the surest means of conciliating the conqueror, and obtaining for his people a lasting peace. 356. Jungas: in the sense of confirmes. 358. Veniam. This favor was, that Turnus should yield, or give up to the king, his own peculiar authority and right in the disposal of his daughter; and that he should resign his claim to her, for the good of his country. 359. Remittat: in the sense of relinquat. |