EXAM. 5. To how much, at 6s. per square yard, amounts the wainscoting of a room; the height, taking in the cornice and mouldings, being 12 feet 6 inches, and the whole compass 83 feet 8 inches; also the three window-shutters are each 7 feet 8 inches by 3 feet 6 inches, and the door 7 feet by 3 feet 6 inches; the doors and shutters, being worked on both sides, are reckoned work and half work?

Ans. 367. 12s. 21d.

VI. SLATERS' AND TILERS' WORK.

In these articles, the content of a roof is found by multiplying the length of the ridge by the girt over from eaves to eaves; making allowance in this girt for the double row of slates at the bottom, or for how much one row of slates or tiles is laid over another.

When the roof is of a true pitch, that is, forming a right angle at top; then the breadth of the building, with its half added, is the girt over both sides nearly.

In angles formed in a roof, running from the ridge to the eaves, when the angle bends inwards, it is called a valley; but when outwards, it is called a hip.

Deductions are made for chimney shafts or window holes.

EXAMPLES.

EXAM. 1. Required the content of a slated roof, the length being 45 feet 9 inches, and the whole girt 34 feet 3 inches? Ans. 174

yards.

EXAM. 2. To how much amounts the tiling of a house, at 25s. 6d. per square; the length being 43 feet 10 inches, and the breadth on the flat 27 feet 5 inches; also the eaves projecting 16 inches on each side, and the roof of a true pitch? Ans. 247. 9s. 54d.

VII. PLASTERERS' WORK.

PLASTERERS' work is of two kinds; namely, ceiling, which is plastering on laths; and rendering, which is plastering on walls: which are measured separately.

The

The contents are estimated either by the foot or the yard, or the square, of 100 feet. Inriched mouldings, &c, are rated by running or lineal measure.

Deductions are made for chimneys, doors, windows, &c.

EXAMPLES.

EXAM. 1. How many yards contains the ceiling which is 43 feet 3 inches long, and 25 feet 6 inches broad?"

Ans. 122. EXAM. 2. To how much amounts the ceiling of a room, at 10d. per yard; the length being 21 feet 8 inches, and the breadth 14 feet 10 inches? Ans. 17. 95. 84d.

EXAM. 3. The length of a room is 18 feet 6 inches, the breadth 12 feet 3 inches, and height 10 feet 6 inches; to how much amounts the ceiling and rendering, the former at 8d. and the latter at 3d per yard; allowing for the door of 7 feet by 3 feet 8, and a fire-place of 5 feet square?

Ans. 11. 13s. 34d.

EXAM. 4. Required the quantity of plastering in a room, the length being 14 feet 5 inches, breadth 13 feet 2 inches, and height 9 feet 3 inches to the under side of the cornice, which girts 8 inches, and projects 5 inches from the wall on the upper part next the ceiling; deducting only for a door 7 feet by 4?

Ans. 53 yards 5 feet 3 inches of rendering

of ceiling

of cornice.

VIII. PAINTERS' WORK.

PAINTERS' work is computed in square yards. Every part is measured where the colour lies; and the measuring line is forced into all the mouldings and corners.

Windows are done at so much a piece. And it is usual to allow double measure for carved mouldings, &c.

EXAMPLES.

EXAM. 1. How many yards of painting which is 65 feet 6 inches in compass, and high?

EXAM. 2. The length of a room being 20 feet, its breadth

14 feet

14 feet 6 inches, and height 10 feet 4 inches; how many yards of painting are in it, deducting a fire-place of 4 feet by 4 feet 4 inches, and two windows each 6 feet by 3 feet 2 inches? Ans. 73 yards.

EXAM. 3. What cost the painting of a room, at 6d. per yard; its length being 24 feet 6 inches, its breadth 16 feet 3 inches, and height 12 feet 9 inches; also the door is 7 feet by 3 feet 6, and the window-shutters to two windows each 7 feet 9 by 3 feet 6; but the breaks of the windows themselves are 8 feet 6 inches high, and 1 foot 3 inches deep; including also the window cills or seats, and the soffits above, the dimensions of which are known from the other dimensions: but deducting the fire-place of 5 feet by 5 feet 6? Ans. 37. 3s. 10 d.

IX. GLAZIERS' WORK.

GLAZIERS take their dimensions, either in feet, inches, and parts, or feet, tenths, and hundredths. And they compute their work in square feet.

In taking the length and breadth of a window, the cross bars between the squares are included. Also windows of round or oval forms are measured as square, measuring them to their greatest length and breadth, on account of the waste in cutting the glass.

EXAMPLES.

EXAM. 1. How many square feet contains the window which is 4.25 feet long, and 2.75 feet broad? Ans. 113.

EXAM. 2. What will the glazing a triangular sky-light come to, at 10d. per foot; the base being 12 feet 6 inches, and the perpendicular height 6 feet 9 inches?

Ans. 17. 15. 1d.

EXAM. 3. There is a house with three tiers of windows, three windows in each tier, their common breadth 3 feet 11 inches:

now the height of the first tier is 7 feet 10 inches

of the second

of the third

Required the expence of glazing at 14d. per foot?

Ans. 13. 11. 10d.

EXAM. 4. Required the expense of glazing the windows of a house at 13d. a foot; there being three stories, and three windows in each story:

the height of the lower tier is 7 feet 9 inches

101/

Ans. 12. 5s. 6d.

and of an oval window over the door 1

the common breadth of all the windows being 3 feet 9 inches?

X. PAVERS' WORK.

PAVERS' work is done by the square yard. And the content is found by multiplying the length by the breadth.

EXAMPLES.

EXAM. 1. What cost the paving a foot path, at 3s. 4d. a yard; the length being 35 feet 4 inches, and breadth 8 feet 3 inches? Ans. 5. 7s. 11d.

EXAM. 2. What cost the paving a court, at 3s. 2d. per yard; the length being 27 feet 10 inches, and the breadth 14 feet 9 inches? Ans. 71. 4s. 54d.

EXAM. 3. What will be the expense of paving a rectangular court-yard, whose length is 63 feet, and breadth 45 feet; in which there is laid a foot-path of 5 feet 3 inches broad, running the whole length, with broad stones, at 3s. a yard; the rest being paved with pebbles at 2s. 6d. a yard ? Ans. 40. 5s. 10d.

XI. PLUMBERS' WORK.

PLUMBERS' work is rated at so much a pound, or else by the hundred weight of 112 pounds.

Sheet lead, used in roofing, guttering, &c, is from 6 to 10lb. to the square foot. And a pipe of an inch bore is commonly 13 or 14 lb. to the yard in length.

EXAMPLES.

EXAM. 1. How much weighs the lead which is 39 feet

6 inches

6 inches long, and 3 feet 3 inches broad, at 84lb. to the square foot? Ans. 1091.

EXAM. 2. What cost the covering and guttering a roof with lead, at 18s. the cwt; the length of the roof being 43 feet, and breadth or girt over it 32 feet; the guttering 57 feet long, and 2 feet wide; the former 9.831 lb. and the latter 7.373 lb. to the square foot? Ans. 115. 9s. 1d.

XII. TIMBER MEASURING.

PROBLEM I.

To find the Area, or Superficial Content, of a Board or Plank. MULTIPLY the length by the mean breadth.

Note. When the board is tapering, add the breadths at the two ends together, and take half the sum for the mean breadth. Or else take the mean breadth in the middle.

By the Sliding Rule.

Set 12 on B to the breadth in inches on A; then against the length in feet on B, is the content on A, in feet and fractional parts.

EXAMPLES.

EXAM. 1. What is the value of a plank, at 11⁄2d. per foot, whose length is 12 feet 6 inches, and mean breadth 11 inches? Ans. 1s. 5d. EXAM. 2. Required the content of a board, whose length is 11 feet 2 inches, and breadth 1 foot 10 inches?

Ans. 20 feet 5 inches 8".

EXAM. 3. What is the value of a piank, which is 12 feet 9 inches long, and 1 foot 3 inches broad, at 23d, a foot. Ans. 3s. 33d.

EXAM. 4. Required the value of 5 oaken planks at 3d. per foot, each of them being 17 feet long; and their several breadths as follows, namely, two of 132 inches in the middle, one of 144 inches in the middle, and the two remaining ones, each 18 inches at the broader end, and 114 at the narrower? Ans. 11. 5s. 94d.

PROBLEM