International Encyclopedia of Public Policy and Administration, Volume 1Jay M. Shafritz "This invaluable source goes beyond any existing reference work regarding public policy and government affairs. It provides for the first time a comprehensive tool that covers the international integration of the literature on public policy and administration. The information found within includes concepts, practices, issues, and theories that inform and define contemporary public policy making, analysis, evaluation, management, and implementation. This source contains more than 850 articles from over 400 professionals covering topics from absenteeism to zoning. Each entry includes a thorough description of the topic, an explanation of its historical significance and a bibliography"--"Outstanding Reference Sources : the 1999 Selection of New Titles", American Libraries, May 1999. Comp. by the Reference Sources Committee, RUSA, ALA |
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Page 563
... Benefits present a special challenge because of fu- ture cost implications and the need to discount to present value . When costing - out procedures are based on the as- sumption that past conditions will prevail in the future , es ...
... Benefits present a special challenge because of fu- ture cost implications and the need to discount to present value . When costing - out procedures are based on the as- sumption that past conditions will prevail in the future , es ...
Page 564
... benefits and costs for each program more precise and nonoverlapping . Operationalization of effectiveness and benefits . The determination of what exactly we want to measure ( the pre- cise concept or criteria ) and how we do it ( i.e. ...
... benefits and costs for each program more precise and nonoverlapping . Operationalization of effectiveness and benefits . The determination of what exactly we want to measure ( the pre- cise concept or criteria ) and how we do it ( i.e. ...
Page 565
... benefit / cost ratio ; or ( 3 ) internal rate of return ( IR ) . Net present value is the total discounted benefits minus total discounted costs . It is calculated as the sum of the present value of the project for all the years of the ...
... benefit / cost ratio ; or ( 3 ) internal rate of return ( IR ) . Net present value is the total discounted benefits minus total discounted costs . It is calculated as the sum of the present value of the project for all the years of the ...
Contents
qualified immunity | 4 |
level playing field ministerial advisers | 5 |
local government budgeting Moses Robert | 28 |
Copyright | |
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Other editions - View all
International Encyclopedia of Public Policy and Administration Volume 1 Jay Shafritz Limited preview - 2019 |
International Encyclopedia of Public Policy and Administration Volume 1 Jay Shafritz Limited preview - 2019 |
International Encyclopedia of Public Policy and Administration Volume 1 Jay Shafritz No preview available - 2020 |
Common terms and phrases
Aaron Wildavsky accountability action activities adminis affirmative action agency American analysis annual appropriate appropriate technology audit Australia authority behavior benefits BIBLIOGRAPHY budget process bureaucratic canon law capital career certiorari charitable cial cities citizens civil communitarian Congress Constitution corporatism costs Court culture decisionmaking decisions democratic Department economic employees ernment ethics European Political Cooperation evaluation example executive expenditures federal financial management fiscal formal Fourth Amendment functions funds groups individual investment involved issues legislative ment ministers Monash University nomic nonprofit Office operating organization organizational participation parties pay equity percent performance planning political practice Press problems procedures programs Public Administration Review public sector reform responsibility revenue role social spending structure theory tion tional tive traditional U.S. Constitution United United Kingdom University values York