cher Passavalli; 21. Guadalaxara, Archbishop Loya; 22. Amida, Archbishop Bahtiarian, of the Armenian Rite; 23. Tournay, Bishop Labis; 24. Terni, Bishop Severa; 25. Veglia, Bishop Vitezich; 26. Almira, in partibus, Bishop Carli, Capuchin; 27. Montauban, Bishop Doney; 28. Cava, Bishop Fertilla; 29. Curia, in partibus, Bishop Grioglio; 30. Segni (Papal State), Bishop Ricci; 31. Paphos, in partibus, Bishop Alcazar, Dominican Vicar Apostolic; 32. Vicenza, Bishop Varina; 33. Salford, Bishop Turner; 34. Catanzaro, Bishop de Franco; 35. Bergamo, Bishop Speranza; 36. Savannah, -(?); 37. St. Angelo in Lombardy, Bishop Fanelli; 38. Dromore, Bishop Leahy, Dominican; 39. Glarus, - (?); 40. Birta, in partibus, Bishop Pinsoneault; 41. Fernes, Bishop Furlong; 42. Anagni, Bishop Pagliari; 43. Siguenza, Bishop Benavides; 44. Ceramo, in partibus, Bishop Jeancard, Suffragan of Marseilles; 45. Polemonia, in partibus, Bishop Pinchon; 46. Lipari, Bishop Athanasio; 47. Apamea, Archbishop Ata, of the Melchite Rite; 48. Mindus, in partibus, Bishop Papardo del Parco; 49. Bursa, Bishop Tilkian, of the Armenian Rite; 50. Astorga, Bishop Arguelles y Miranda; 51. Comacchio, Bishop Spoglia; 52. Charlottetown, Bishop MacIntyre; 53. Vallis Pratensis, (?); 54. Lamego,

Bishop de Vasconcellos Periera de Mello; 55. Montpellier, Bishop Curtier; 56. Barcelona, Bishop Monserrat y Navarro; 57. Amatunto, in partibus, Bishop Gależki, Apostolic Vicar in Cracow; 58. Kilmore, Bishop Conaty; 59. Priene, in partibus, Bishop Cosi; 60. Tuy, Bishop Garcia y Anton; 61. Puno, Bishop Huerta; 62. Adelaide, Bishop Shiel; 63. Albany (America), Bishop Conroy; 64. Concordia, Bishop Frangipani; 65. St. Hyacinth, Bishop Laroque; 66. Dubuque, Bishop Hennessy; 67. Vannes, Bishop Becel; 68. Goulburn, Bishop Lannigan; 69. St. Germani bei Monte Cassino, (?); 70. Verdun, Bishop Hacquard; 71. Egéa, in partibus, Bishop Reynaud; 72. St. Giov. di Cuyo, Bishop Achaval; 73. Cirene, in partibus, Bishop Canzi; 74. Rodiopolis, in partibus, Bishop Tosi; 75. Buffalo, Bishop Ryan; 76. Adramyttium, in partibus, Bishop Gibbons; 77. Coria, Bishop Nuñez; 78. Heliopolis, Bishop Nasser, of the Melchite Rite; 79. Titopolis, in partibus, -(?); 80. 81. Abbates nullius; 82. 83. Burchall, President of the Benedictine Congregation in England; 84. The Abbot of Janow, Apostolic Administrator in Russia; 85. Montis Coronæ; 86-91. These names could not be announced on account of the great confusion.

SIXTY-SEVENTH LETTER.

Rome, July 16, 1870.-As I had to report in my last letter, the attempt of the Legates and the Deputation to outwit and catch the minority by a violation of their own order of business had all but succeeded. Darboy and Strossmayer frustrated this plot, on which it is literally true that the fate of the Church was staked. For the third canon of the third chapter had been brought forward in so enlarged and altered a form, that it involved in substance the abolition of the entire episcopate, as an integral constituent of the Christian Church, and substituted for it the papal "totality," as the theologians of the seventeenth century called it; i.e., the theory that in the whole Church there is one sole individual who is in exclusive possession of all plenary powers and all ecclesiastical rights. The weight and importance of the doctrine thereby designed to be

for the first time imposed on the Church cannot even be made intelligible in a few words. Most readers are naturally unaware of the sense attached in canon law and the language of the Curia to the words, "potestas immediata et ordinaria." Well they mean that all Christians, whether laymen or clerics, are personally subjects, body and soul, of their lord and master, the Pope, who can impose on them without restriction whatever commands seem good to him. There are, besides the Pope, who exercises immediate authority by virtue of his universal episcopate, papal commissaries in the separate dioceses, who call themselves Bishops, and are so named by the Roman Chancery. They exercise the powers delegated to them by the one true and universal Bishop, and carry out the particular orders they receive from Rome. According to this view the whole Church has, properly speaking, no other right or law or order but the pleasure of the reigning Pope. This is the most perfect form of absolutism ever yet excogitated in any man's brains.

The order of business prohibits any alteration in the text of the decrees being voted upon without previous discussion in Council. That however was now attempted, and the violation of the order of business by

the Legates themselves was so flagrant, the design of fraud so palpable, that the incident continued to be the subject of general conversation up to the 12th July. When the plot had miscarried, it was alleged in excuse that the previous discussion had been forgotten !—forgotten precisely in the case of the most important article yet brought forward, and of a change of such immeasurable weight that one may truly say no discussion of equal weight and influence has been passed in any Council during 1800 years. The affair of course made a great sensation. The words "deceit" and "lying" were used more than once in the national meetings of the Opposition Bishops, and it was urged that the whole Deputation de Fide were accomplices of the Legates in this unworthy trick, and that the Bishops were being compelled in a truly revolting manner to vote on alterations of the most comprehensive kind, which had only been communicated to them the day before. A short memorandum was issued by the French Bishops, which recommended that this opportunity should be seized for leaving Rome. It runs as follows:

"(1). L'heure de la Providence a sonné: le moment décisif de sauver l'Église est arrivé. (2.) Par les addi