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the 17th of March, expedited nearly 600 causes; that of the interior 952; that of finance and commerce 1653; and the wardepartment 2535; The causes in which final decision has not yet been given, and which are confined to a very moderate number in each department, in comparison to the extent coming under their several denominations, are either of such nature as to require your Majesty's decision, or to be again brought forward for final deter

mination.

Should your Majesty deign to recognize in the sketch which I have laid before you, the desire which has actuated me to deserve the high confidence you have shewn towards me, this would prove, next to the joy I feel on your Majesty's re-establishment, the most pleasing recompence for all my pains. May Heaven, in accordance with my prayers, lengthen your Majesty's days; and that Sweden, protected by your virtues, Sire, may find an imperishable guarantee for her future destiny, in the absolute devotion which my heart has vowed to your Majesty; in the respectful attachment of my son; in the sanctity of the laws of the state; in the uprightness of the public functionaries; and in the union, the courage, and the patriotism of all Swedes!

With the most sincere sentiments of attachment, and with the most pr found respect, I am, Sire, your Majesty's most humble and faithful subject, and good son, C. JOHN.

Palace at Stockholm,

Jan. 7, 1812,

Appointment of the Hereditary Prince of Sicily to the Government es Vicar-General.

The King our Lord, by a reso. lution, dated this day, signed by his Majesty, and sealed with the royal seal, has constituted his royal highness Don Francis, hereditary Prince of the Two Sicilies, his most dear son, his Vicar-general in this kingdom of Sicily: transferring to him, with the most ample title of Alter Ego, the exercise of all rights, prerogatives, preeminencies, and powers, in the same manner as they could be exercised by his Majesty in person. In the name of the king I communicate to your Excellency this sovereign determination; transmitting to you also a copy of the same, that you may forthwith communicate it to all the departments depending on the office of Secretary of State, the Royal Household, the Treasury, and Commerce, which are committed to the charge of your Excellency. (Signed)

MARQUIS DE Circello. To the Marquis Tomasi. Palermo. Jan. 16, 1812.

ROYAL LETTER.

Ferdinand, by the grace of God, King of the Two Sicilies, Jerusalem, &c. Infante of Spain, Duke of Parma, Placencia, Castro, &c. Grand Hereditary Prince of Tuscany, &c.

My most esteemed Son Francis,
Hereditary Prince of the
Two Sicilies:-

Being obliged through bodily

indisposition, and from the advice of the Physicians, to breathe the air of the country, and to withdraw myself from all serious a, plication, I should esteem myself culpable before God, if I did not make such provision for the government of the kingdom, in these most difficult times, that affairs of the greatest importance should be promptly dispatched, and the pub. lic weal suffer no detriment through my infirmities. Wishing, therefore, to disburthen myself of the weight of government, as long as it shall not please God to restore me to a state of health suitable for conducting it, I cannot more properly intrust it to any other than to you, my beloved son, as well because you are my legitimate successor, as on account of the experience which I have had of your high rectitude and capacity; and by these presents, with my free will and consent, I constitute and appoint you my Vicar-general in this my kingdom of Sicily, in the same way as you have been already twice Vicar-general in my other kingdom of Naples; and I yield and transfer to you with the ample title of Alter Ego, the exercise of all the rights, prerogatives, preeminencies, and powers, which could be exercised by myself: and that this my determination may be known to all, and obeyed by all, I order that this my letter, signed by myself, and sealed with my Royal seal, be preserved in the archives of the kingdom, and that you direct a copy of it to be sent to all Councillors and Secretaries of State for their inforinations, and that they may com

municate the same to all persons interested-Given in Palermo, this 16th day of Jan. 1812.

FERDINAND,

THOMAS DE SOMMA.

Address of the New Spanish Regency to te Nation.

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Spaniards,-The Regency, în taking upon themselves the government of the Spanish Monarchy intrusted to them by the Cortes in their decree of the 22d instant could do no less than fix their whole attention on the critical circumstances in which the nation is placed, and on the immensity of their obligations. They do not however, entertain for a single moment the horrible idea that the ferocious enemy who be sets us will ultimately accomplish the subjugation of the heroic Spanish people who are now in the 5th year of their glorious resistance. You raised the cry of independence and of vengeance even when deprived of your Princes,when your laws and institutions were trampled under foot,-when destitute of resources, and without either armies, generals, or a central and respectable government. Even then, you conquered: you have continued the contest, and you have gone on progressively ameliorating your institutions so as to assemble the Cortes, to establish a government on the most legitimate basis, and through the medium of your representatives, to form a constitution, which is to raise you to the prosperity and grandeur of which you are worthy. True it is, that the sacred fire of

patriot

patriotism burns throughout the whole extent of the Peninsula,— that the war becomes every day more obstinate, -your hatred to a foreign domination more inextinguishable, the desire of vengeance stronger,-your love of liberty and of our legitimate king, Ferdinand the Seventh, more inflamed: but it is also true, that now is the time to render such great sacrifices more useful, to exterminate with decision the abuses which are devouring us as the inevitable consequences of our ancient disorder, which could not be repaired amidst so many agitations. It is now time to apply with effect the great resources which we possess to the desired object which occupies our minds. Such are the duties of your new government: it acknowledges them publicly, and it promises their fulfilment. O Spaniards! fulfil your duties with the greatest constancy, and the most indefatigable energy. There have reached the government, the cries of the armies which defend us, depicting their painful privations; the groans of the inhabitants of districts ready to fall under the yoke of the barbarous invaders; the complaints of the provinces already occupied, always loyal, though oppressed and laid waste. Behold the situation of your new government; hear the demands which are made upon its attention, at the very monent of its commencing its painful functions; behold the extent of its wants! To answer your own wishes and those of your representatives, it is necessary to overcome all the obstacles which have entecbled the arrangements of au

thority, and to support the dignity of the government with a Majesty corresponding to that of the people by whom it has been form. ed. The very nature of this war, in which the sacred interests of religion, of the nation, and of the king are defended, imperiously require it. The impetuous and persevering character of the enemy requires it also. The strength of our alliances must be founded on this; and the safety of the country depends entirely and exclusively on the strictest union between all, and on the strength of your government.

The Regency, deeply persuaded of this incontrovertible truth, will act with firmness in the perform. ance of their delicate trust: they will watch, with the greatest activity, over the fate of the brave defenders of the country. They will give a fixed system to all the branches of the public administration under their control-will reward those who deserve well of the country, will apply all their exertions to the expulsion of the enemy from our soil, and to maintain the empire of justice. But they will, at the same time, be inexorable towards those who are wanting in the performance of their duties, or who do not yield obedience to their resolves. Authority is null, if it be no respected Anarchy then diffuses its deadly poison, social order is subverted, and the State advances to the most frightful dissolution. Case, now and henceforward, all personal pretensions; the ill understood feelings of interest dictated by provincial spirit; exemptions unjustly demanded at this period of desolation: writing.

writings which, while they ought to create the most ardent patriotism, to unite and enlighten the nation, appeared inspired by the enemy for the purpose of dividing it! Cease; and let the nation appear with all the power which it possesses, and which it has displayed vigorously at different periods of its grand insurrection! The danger is great; the government neither wishes, nor ought to conceal it: let the sacrifices also be great. The Regency will spare no exertions to fulfil its duties and even though it should see itself on the brink of a precipice, it will there. exercise its last act of vigour in burying itself under the ruins of the country; thus corresponding to the resolutions which you all have formed, and to the confidence reposed in it by the National Congress. But, that fatal moment, Spaniards! shall not arrive. We have all sworn to be free. To attain that object, let us devote the remains of our ancient opulence, exhaust our resources, and prodigally shed our blood. Of what importance are all those, when we wish to maintain the glory of our contest, our precious liberty, and the respect due to the Spanish name? Who with an avaricious hand would conceal those barren treasures which the country demands, and which the enemy contemplates with a greedy and rapacious eye? Who would utter the voice of dismay for the purpose of coming to terms with the tyrant? Who will oppose himself to the legitimate authority which has emanated from the Cortes, and dare to disobey it, in the hope of an impunity created by the discredit of Government, and a want of conVOL. LIV.

fidence on the part of the People? Omissions and want of obedience can no longer be overlooked. The Spaniards desire that the Government should be consolidated; and that order should be established; which can alone be the fruit of a constitutional system, dictated by the representatives of the nation: they wish that there should be an equality of sacrifices among those who enjoy the rights of citizens: they wish that the Government, impressed with a sense of its unbounded obligations, shall employ all its zeal in annihilating the enemy's legions, and in confirming the constitution of the Monarchy. As long as the Regency exercises the authority entrusted to it, it will constantly endeavour to satisfy this anxious desire of the public mind, founded upon principles of equity and justice.

Spaniards! Our danger is imminent. Our fate must either be that of the most ignominious slavery, or the possession of glory and independence. The Government has been formed to advance the latter, and to open to you the path of greatness. Respect it; confide in your representatives and in it: all of them act towards the same object; all co-operate to attain the ultimate triumph which Providence has destined for us. You, on your part, will go on prosecuting eternal war against the tyrant; you will die sooner than submit to wear the chains of servitude; you will effectually oppose those domestic enemies who endeavour to produce disunion, or destroy the generous institutions which you have decreed. Thus, doubtless, will you act, and you

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Treaty of Alliance concluded the 24th February, between his ajesty the King of Prussia and his Majesty the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, &c. and ratified at Berlin the 5th of March, 1812.

His Majesty the King of Prussia, and his Majesty the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine, Mediator of the Swiss Confederation, &c. wishing to bind more closely the ties which unite them, have named for their plenipotentiaries, namely: his Majesty the King of Prussia, M. Frederick William Louis Baron de Krusemark, Major-gen. his Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to his Majesty the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, Chevalier of the Great Order of the Eagle and that of Merit; his Majesty the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, &c. M. Hugues Bernard Count Maret, the Duke of Bassano, Grand Eagle of Legion of Honour, Commander of the Order of the Iron Crown, Grand Cross of the Order of St. Etienne, of Hungary, St. Hubert of Bavaria, and of the Crown of Saxony, Chevalier of the Order of the Persian Sun of the 1st Order, Grand Cross of the Order of Fidelity of Baden, one of the Forty of the 2d Class of the Imperial French Institute, his Minister for

Foreign affairs, who, after having communicated their respective full powers, agreed upon the following articles :

Art 1. There shall be a defensive alliance between his Majesty the King of Prussia, and his Ma jesty the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, their heirs and successors, against all the powers of Europe, with which either of the contracting parties has or shall enter into war.

Art. 2. The two high contracting powers reciprocally guarantee to each other the integrity of their present territory.

Art. 3. In case of the present alliance being brought to effect, and every time when such case shall happen, the contracting powers will fix upon the measures needful to be taken, by a particular convention.

Art. 4. Every time that England shall make any attempts upon the rights of commerce, either by declaring in a state of blockade the coasts of one or other of the contracting parties, or any other disposition contrary to the maritime rights consecrated by the treaty of Utrecht, all the ports and coasts of the said powers shall be equally interdicted to the ships of neutral nations, who suffer the independence of their flag to be violated.

Art. 5. The present treaty shall be ratified, and the ratifications exchanged at Berlin, within the space of ten days, or sooner if possible.

Done and signed at Paris, the 24th of February, 1812. (Signed)

The Duke of BASSANO.
The Baron KRUSEMARK.

Treaty

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