BIOLOGY. Time: three hours. [Draw diagrams wherever possible.] 1. Describe the microscopic structure of a typical animal and vegetable cell. Compare this with the structure of an animal ovum. 2. How does reproduction of the species take place in Amoeba, Hæmatococcus, Vorticella, and Spirogyra? Is differentiation of sex observable in any of these forms? 3. Describe (a) a root, (b) a rhizoid, (c) a root hair. State specifically the functions of roots generally. 4. Draw diagrams of the pectoral and pelvic girdles as seen in the fresh skeleton of the frog, naming on your diagram the constituent parts. 5. (a) Define what is understood by the term respiration. (b) What conditions are necessary for the performance of the respiratory process? (c) Explain how these conditions are fulfilled in the frog. (d) How is respiration effected in Amoba, in the Yeast plant, and in a green plant? PHYSIOLOGY. Time: three hours. [Draw diagrams wherever possible.] 1. Describe (a) the structure of a salivary gland, and (b) the action of saliva on food. How would you demonstrate its action? 2. Give the physiological explanation of the following events: blushing, pallor, sneezing, coughing, fainting (from loss of blood and from a painful sight). State what factors are involved in each case. 3. Describe the structure and functions of the skin. 4. State the chief constituents of urine, and explain how the water and the nitrogenous compounds are removed from the blood. Why is it that more urine is formed in cold weather than in hot weather? 5. What are the functions of the spinal cord? Adduce proofs of any statements you make. Draw a diagram showing the spinal cord seen in a transverse section and the mode in which a spinal nerve is joined to the cord. Name the various parts by marginal references. PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY. Time: three hours. 1. Describe how the air is heated, and also the circumstances which tend to increase or decrease the temperature of the atmosphere. 2. Chemical action, in relation to rocks, may be either destructive or constructive; explain the process in each case. 3. What constitutes a fossil? State the conditions which are favourable for the preservation of fossils, and also the changes which they are liable to undergo subsequent to their entombment. 4. Tabulate the chief geological periods represented in South Australia (including Central Australia), and state the localities where the rocks respectively occur. 5. Explain under what circumstances eruptive rocks may be stratified. 6. How might a limestone of Cretaceous age be distinguished, by means of its organic remains, from a limestone of Silurian age? 7. Explain the probable causes of earthquakes. By what means can the focus of an earthquake shock be determined? Mention two earthquakes of great severity which have occurred during the present year, and give what particulars you can as to the seismic conditions of the countries where they occurred. 8. Give a general description of lodes and veins in their origin, characteristics, and possible contents. 9. As the result of faulting, strata may be either repeated in their outcrops, or in some cases prevented from reaching the surface; draw geological sections that will illustrate these points. 10. Name the specimens submitted to you. Where there are two prominent minerals in a specimen name both in your answer. JUNIOR COMMERCIAL EXAMINATION PAPERS, 1906. COMMERCIAL ARITHMETIC. A. i. Mental Arithmetic. Time: fifteen minutes. [The working of these questions is to be done without the use of pen, pencil, or paper. The answer to each is to be set down in the place allotted to it on this sheet. If anything, other than the answers, is set down, the candidate will lose marks.] 1. Add the following numbers, horizontally arranged: (a) 76932, 85271, 34927, 63559, 28475 (5) 357, 7485, 67, 12984, 973, 8752 (d) 83-765, 72-867, 192-4, 30-8, 157-927 (e) 27-768, 725, 5-8, 39-7, 9-827, 3.75 2. Cast the following columns separately, and crosswise, giving also the grand total: [The working of these questions is to be done without the use of pen, pencil, or paper. The answer to each is to be set down in the place allotted to it on this sheet. If anything, other than the answers, is set down, the candidate will lose marks.] 5. Cost of one pound if cost of one hundredweight is £2 9s. Ans..... 6. Cost of 55 articles at 4s. 9d. per doz. Ans.. 7. Interest on £73 at 23 per cent. for 7 months. Ans... 8. 79 yards at 7d. per yard. Ans... 9. Area in acres of a rectangular block of ground, measuring 396 ft. by 264 ft. Ans....... 10. Dividend on £370 10s. at 3s. 4d. in the pound. Ans....... B. Bookwork. Time: two hours and a half. 1. Make up the following bill : 5 miles of barb fencing wire, running 560 yards per cwt., at £14 per ton. 11 rolls of wire netting at £1 13s. 3d. per roll. 5 gross fencing staples at 1s. 8d. per gross. 300 yards of wire rope, running 3:58 lbs. per yard, at 13 gross of coach screws at 16s. 9d. per gross. 15 gross of bolts and nuts at 15s. 3d. per gross. 200 yards of wire rope, running 2-68 lbs. per yard, at per cwt. £2 10s. 2. Find to the nearest penny the cost of 457 acres 3 roods 17 perches at £19 6s. 7d. per acre. At what price 3. A draper buys cloth at 6s. 6d. per yard. must he sell it so that after allowing for a discount of 23% on the selling price he may make a profit of 25 % ? 4. Describe the money systems of France, Germany, Austria, and India. 5. A man buys wheat in Adelaide at 2s. 111⁄2d. per bushel, a bushel weighing 61 lbs. being 24s. 6d. per ton. per bag of 240 lbs. bushels. He exports to Europe, the freight. He sells the lot at the rate of 16s. 6d. Find his total gain if he bought 2,400 6. If 5 litres are equivalent to 11 gallons, and a cubic foot contain 6 gallons, find the capacity in litres of a rectangular tank 6 feet by 4 feet 3 inches by 4 feet 9 inches. 7. A man sells a block of land for £1,200, £400 to be paid at once, £400 at the end of six months, and another £400 at the end of twelve months. What sum, paid down at once, would be equivalent to this? Bank interest at 4 per cent. 8. Compute the compound interest on £786 5s. 4d. for 4 years at 3 per cent. |