Population and Community Ecology: Principles and Methods

age classes age distribution allelopathy animals Appendix autotoxicity beta diversity C₁ calculated clumps coefficient coexistence confidence interval consider constant correlogram cycle denote density density-dependent described discussed distance diversity E. O. Wilson ecological ecologists environment equation equilibrium estimate example expected frequencies Figure fluctuations follows forest given growing growth curve growth rate habitat herbivores hypothesis insects interspecific competition isopleth larvae lodgepole pine matrix mean measure method mosaic N₁ N₂ natural population nearest neighbor niche null hypothesis number of individuals number of species observed obtained occur oscillations p₁ pair patches pattern phytoplankton Pielou plankton plants Poisson distribution population's predators predict probability proportion quadrats random rate of increase rate per individual result sampling units seedlings segregation shown shows Simpson index spatial stability suppose survivorship curve tion trees values variable variance vegetation X₁